Psilolechia

Psilolechia is a genus of four species of crustose lichens. It is the only member of Psilolechiaceae, a family that was created in 2014 to contain this genus.

Psilolechia
Psilolechia lucida
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Psilolechiaceae
S. Stenroos, Miadl. & Lutzoni (2014)
Genus: Psilolechia
A.Massal. (1860)
Type species
Psilolechia lucida
(Ach.) M.Choisy (1949)
Species
  • P. clavulifera
  • P. leprosa
  • P. lucida
  • P. purpurascens

Taxonomy

The genus Psilolechia was established by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1860.[1] Formerly classified in the family Pilocarpaceae,[2] molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that Psilolechia represented a distinct lineage that deserved placement at the familial level, the Psilolechiaceae, which was formally circumscribed in 2014.[3] This arrangement was accepted in later large-scale updates of fungal classification.[4][5][6] Psilolechiaceae is in the order Lecanorales, in the suborder Sphaerophorineae, which also includes the families Pilocarpaceae, Psoraceae, and Ramalinaceae.[3]

Description

Psilolechiaceae is a monogeneric family of crustose lichens with effuse, ecorticate (lacking a cortex), leprose thalli formed by goniocysts (aggregations of photobiont cells surrounded by short-celled hyphae) containing Trebouxia or stichococcoid algae. The apothecia lack a distinct margin, and the asci are 8-spored and have a cylindrical to clavate shape. They feature a central, elongated tube-like structure, and a non-amyloid ascus wall surrounded by a thin outer layer. Both the tube-like structure and the thin outer layer stain dark blue in K/I. Ascospores are oblong-ovoid to tear-shaped, simple (rarely 1-septate in P. leprosa), and hyaline.[3]

Species

Psilolechia contains four species:[7]

  • Psilolechia clavulifera (Nyl.) Coppins (1983)[8] – widespread
  • Psilolechia leprosa Coppins & Purvis (1987)[9] – north-west Europe; Greenland
  • Psilolechia lucida (Ach.) M.Choisy (1949) – widespread
  • Psilolechia purpurascens Coppins & Purvis (1987)[9] – Tasmania

Psilolechia species grow in locations that are humid and shaded.[3] P. leprosa tends to grow on mineral-enriched rocks and siliceous rocks,[10] and is often recorded around old mines.[11]

References
  1. Massalongo, A.B. (1860). "Esame comparativo di alcune genere di licheni". Atti dell'Istituto Veneto Scienze (in Italian). 5: 247–276.
  2. Lumbsch, T.H.; Huhndorf, S.M. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet. Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany. 13: 1–58.
  3. Miadlikowska, Jolanta; Kauff, Frank; Högnabba, Filip; Oliver, Jeffrey C.; Molnár, Katalin; Fraker, Emily; Gaya, Ester; Hafellner, Josef; Hofstetter, Valérie; Gueidan, Cécile; Otálora, Mónica A.G.; Hodkinson, Brendan; Kukwa, Martin; Lücking, Robert; Björk, Curtis; Sipman, Harrie J.M.; Burgaz, Ana Rosa; Thell, Arne; Passo, Alfredo; Myllys, Leena; Goward, Trevor; Fernández-Brime, Samantha; Hestmark, Geir; Lendemer, James; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Schmull, Michaela; Schoch, Conrad; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël; Maddison, David R.; Arnold, A. Elizabeth; Lutzoni, François; Stenroos, Soili (2014). "A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 79: 132–168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003. PMC 4185256. PMID 24747130.
  4. Lücking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota–Approaching one thousand genera". The Bryologist. 119 (4): 361–416. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361. S2CID 90258634.
  5. Wijayawardene, Nalin N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Liu, Jian Kui; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Ekanayaka, Anusha H.; Tian, Qing; Phookamsak, Rungtiwa (2018). "Outline of Ascomycota: 2017". Fungal Diversity. 88 (1): 167–263. doi:10.1007/s13225-018-0394-8. S2CID 7485476.
  6. Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; LKT, Al-Ani; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; Tsurykau, Andrei; Mesic, Armin; Navathe, Sudhir; Papp, Viktor; Oliveira Fiuza, Patrícia; Vázquez, Víctor; Gautam, Ajay; Becerra, Alejandra G.; Ekanayaka, Anusha; K. C., Rajeshkumar; Bezerra, Jadson; Matočec, Neven; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa; Suetrong, Satinee (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
  7. "Psilolechia". Mycobank. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
  8. Coppins, Brian John (1983). A Taxonomic Study of the Lichen Genus Micarea in Europe. Bulletin of the British Museum for Natural History. 11. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 201.
  9. Coppins, B.J.; Purvis, O.W. (1987). "A review of Psilolechia". Lichenologist. 19 (1): 29–42. doi:10.1017/S0024282987000045.
  10. Czarnota, Paweł; Kukwa, Martin (2008). "Contribution to the knowledge of some poorly known lichens in Poland. II. The genus Psilolechia". Folia Cryptog. Estonica. 44: 9–15.
  11. Purvis, O.W.; Halls, C. (1996). "A review of lichens in metal-enriched environments". Lichenologist. 28 (6): 571–601. doi:10.1006/lich.1996.0052.
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