Prince Fushimi Sadanaru

Prince Fushimi Sadanaru (伏見宮貞愛親王, Fushimi-no-miya Sadanaru-Shinnō, June 9, 1858 – February 4, 1923) was the 22nd head of the Fushimi-no-miya shinnōke (branch of the Imperial Family).[1] He was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army.

Fushimi Sadanaru
伏見宮貞愛親王
Prince Fushimi Sadanaru, c. 1910-5
4th Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
In office
December 21, 1912 – January 13, 1915
MonarchTaishō
Preceded byKatsura Tarō
Succeeded byŌyama Iwao
Personal details
BornJune 9, 1858
Kyoto, Japan
DiedFebruary 4, 1923(1923-02-04) (aged 64)
Takagami, Kaijō,(Now Chōshi) Chiba, Japan
AwardsSupreme Order of the Chrysanthemum
Order of the Golden Kite (2nd Class)
Military service
AllegianceEmpire of Japan
Branch/service Imperial Japanese Army
Years of service1875-1923
RankField Marshal (Gensui)
CommandsIJA 4th Division, IJA 1st Division, IJA 10th Division
Battles/warsFirst Sino-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
Prince Fushimi Sadanaru
Prince Fushimi
Reign1862-1864
PredecessorPrince Fushimi Sadanori
SuccessorPrince Fushimi Kuniie
Reign1872-1923
PredecessorPrince Fushimi Kuniie
SuccessorPrince Fushimi Hiroyasu
SpousePrincess Arisugawa Toshiko
FatherPrince Fushimi Kuniie
Emperor Kōmei (adoptive father)

Early life

Prince Sadanaru was born in Kyoto as the fourteenth son of Prince Fushimi Kuniie (1802–1875) and the second son of Princess Takatsukasa Hiroko; he was thus the half brother of Prince Yamashina Akira, Prince Kuni Asahiko, Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa, and Prince Kan'in Kotohito. He succeeded his father as the head of the Fushimi-no-miya family in 1875.

Marriage and family

In 1872, Prince Fushimi Sadanaru married Princess Arisugawa Toshiko (1858–1927), the daughter of Prince Arisugawa Takahito, with whom he had two sons (Kunika and Akinori). Two concubines bore Prince Hiroyasu and Princess Sachiko respectively.

  1. Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu (博恭王, Hiroyasu-ō, October 16, 1875 – August 16, 1946)
  2. Prince Fushimi Kunika (邦芳王, Kunika-ō, 1880-1933)
  3. Prince Fushimi Akinori (昭徳王, Akinori-ō, 1881-1883)
  4. Princess Fushimi Sachiko (禎子女王, Sachiko Joō, 1885-1966); married Count Toyokage Yamauchi.

Prince Kunika would become the legitimate heir to his father, but, due to his illness, Fushimi-no-miya was eventually succeeded by his elder half-brother, Prince Hiroyasu.

Career
Prince Fushimi visiting Canada, 1907.

A career army officer, Prince Sadanaru entered the military academy in 1873 and fought as a lieutenant in the Satsuma Rebellion. Promoted to captain in 1878, he studied military tactics at the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr in France and later in Germany in the 1870s. Upon his return to Japan, he was promoted to major in 1881 and advocated the establishment of a Japanese version of an army General Staff based on the Prussian model. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1884, colonel in 1887 and to major general in 1889. He was awarded the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum in 1886.

Major General Prince Fushimi Sadanaru served as a field commander in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895), commanding the IJA 4th Division, and landing with his forces in the Liaodong Peninsula, China in 1894. He subsequently participated in the 1895 Japanese invasion of Taiwan.

He represented Emperor Meiji at the coronation of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia on May 26, 1896. In 1898, he was promoted to lieutenant general and assigned command of the Himeji-based IJA 10th Division. In 1901, he became commander of the IJA 1st Division.

In 1904, with the start of the Russo-Japanese War he again landed with his forces in the Liaodong Peninsula. In June, he was promoted to full general, and recalled to Japan to serve on the Supreme War Council, before being sent by Emperor Meiji on a diplomatic mission to the United States. After the conclusion of the Treaty of Portsmouth, he was sent to England again on a mission of thanks from the Japanese government for British advice and assistance during the war. During this mission, he also stopped in Honolulu for a visit with the Japanese community there. In 1909, he was again sent on a diplomatic mission, this time to China. Prince Fushimi also represented Japan at the state funeral of Great Britain's King Edward VII May 20, 1910. He met with the new King George V at Buckingham Palace.

Prince Fushimi was a close advisor to then-Crown Prince Yoshihito (later Emperor Taishō). After the death of Emperor Meiji in 1911, he served as Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan from 1912 to 1915, thus becoming the only imperial prince to have served in that office.

He was promoted to the largely ceremonial rank of field marshal in 1915, and awarded the Grand Collar of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum in 1916.

Death

The Prince died of influenza on February 5, 1923 at his vacation home in Cape Inubō and was accorded a state funeral. Dowager Princess Fushimi Toshiko died on January 3, 1930. He was succeeded by his son, Fleet Admiral Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu.

Honors

His Japanese decorations include the Collar and Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum, Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flowers, Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure, Order of the Golden Kite (2nd Class). In addition, other honors and decorations included:[2]

  • HIH Fushimi Sadanaru in 1918
  • HIH Fushimi Toshiko

Ancestry

[5]

Notes
  1. Takenobu, Yoshitaro. (1906). The Japan Year Book, p. 23., p. 23, at Google Books
  2. 刑部芳則 (2017). 明治時代の勲章外交儀礼 (PDF) (in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. pp. 158–159.
  3. Norges Statskalender (in Swedish), 1890, pp. 595–596, retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org
  4. "Central Chancery of The Orders of Knighthood, Lord Chamberlains Office, St. James's Palace" (PDF). The London Gazette (11932). 7 May 1907. p. 493. Retrieved 15 February 2014. The KING has been pleased to appoint General His Imperial Highness The Prince Sadanaru Fushimi of Japan to be an Honorary Member of the Military Division of the First Class, or Knights Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath.
  5. "Genealogy". Reichsarchiv (in Japanese). Retrieved 2 November 2017.

References


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