Poum

Poum is a commune in the North Province of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The small town of Poum (Latitude: 20° 13' 59 south, longitude: 164° 1' 23 east) is located in the far northwest, located on the southern part of Banare Bay, with Mouac Island just offshore. Aside from French, the native language of the Kanak inhabitants is nêlêmwa-nixumwak, an Austronesian language spoken by about 1,100 people.[2] British fishermen came to the islands in 1855 seeking sea cucumbers, and settled and intermarried, and this is reflected in the last names of some clan members and on gravestones (e.g. Williams, Winchester). In the 1850s, a hundred Europeans lived on Mouac Island and John Henry Williams established a presence on Néba island[3]

For other uses, see Poum (disambiguation).
Poum
Commune
Nennon Beach in Poum
Location of the commune (in red) within New Caledonia
Location of Poum
Coordinates: 20°14′29″S 164°01′01″E
CountryFrance
Sui generis collectivityNew Caledonia
ProvinceNorth Province
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Henriette Tidjine-Hmae
Area
1
469.4 km2 (181.2 sq mi)
Population
 (2019 census)[1]
1,435
 • Density3.1/km2 (7.9/sq mi)
Ethnic distribution
 • 2019 censusKanaks 82.72%
Europeans 6.34%
Wallisians and Futunans 0.35%
Mixed 5.51%
Other 5.09%
Time zoneUTC+11:00
INSEE/Postal code
98826 /98826
Elevation0–412 m (0–1,352 ft)
(avg. 5 m or 16 ft)
1 New Caledonia Land Register (DITTT) data, which exclude lakes and ponds larger than 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) as well as the estuaries of rivers.

Geography

The Poum massif south of Poum and Titch rises to 414 m and is rich in nickel. Other minerals like cobalt have been mined out. The hills around Poum are bare of trees and distinctively rose and red-tinged. Seasonal water shortages and bush fires are common.[4]

Economy

There is one boarding middle school near Poum village. The Kanak population pursue diverse subsistence activities, sometimes combined with paid work. There is one service station and store, opened in the 2010s. Tourists can stay at a western style hotel complex, the Malabou Beach hotel on Nehoue Bay, which is owned by the Northern Province corporation, Grands Hôtels - it has 35 employees. There are also two tourist cottages (Golone and Poingam), a campsite (Pagop) and home stays are also possible.[5]

Fishing is still pursued mainly by the islanders, especially from Tiabet, although commercial fish sales are affected by the long distances to market in Noumea and accreditation systems. Agriculture is practised, and there is some European-owned cattle ranching.

The Poum nickel mine was not heavily exploited fully for many years following its acquisition by SLN after the Accords de Bercy in the 1990s, and had about thirty employees in 2014.[6] In 2015, plans to increase production to 100,000 tonnes of ore per year from 'Spur A' of the mine, with 2.5% nickel content, were announced. In 2019, a further announcement of increased production was made.[7][8] The mine has been accused by the inhabitants of Titch, west of Poum centre, of creating water pollution problems.[9]

References
  1. Population, ménages et logement par commune, en 2019, Institut de la statistique et des études économiques Nouvelle-Calédonie
  2. fr:Nêlêmwa-nixumwak
  3. Kowasch M., S.P.J. Batterbury, M. Neumann. 2015. Contested sites, land claims and economic development in Poum, New Caledonia. Settler Colonial Studies 5(4): 302-316
  4. https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/nouvellecaledonie/province-nord/poum/penurie-eau-404399.html
  5. Kowasch M., S.P.J. Batterbury, M. Neumann. 2015. Contested sites, land claims and economic development in Poum, New Caledonia. Settler Colonial Studies 5(4): 302-316
  6. Kowasch M., S.P.J. Batterbury, M. Neumann. 2015. Contested sites, land claims and economic development in Poum, New Caledonia. Settler Colonial Studies 5(4): 302-316
  7. https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/nouvellecaledonie/2015/07/23/la-sln-inaugure-son-gisement-de-spur-poum-272997.html
  8. https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/nouvellecaledonie/province-nord/poum/poum-mine-croissance-726894.html
  9. Kowasch M., S.P.J. Batterbury, M. Neumann. 2015. Contested sites, land claims and economic development in Poum, New Caledonia. Settler Colonial Studies 5(4): 302-316
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