Polyommatus

Polyommatus is a diverse genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Its species are found in the Palearctic realm.

Polyommatus
Polyommatus icarus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Lycaenidae
Subfamily: Polyommatinae
Tribe: Polyommatini
Genus: Polyommatus
Latreille, 1804[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Agrodiaetus Hübner, 1822
  • Hirsutina Tutt, 1909
  • Bryna Evans, 1912
  • Meleageria Sagarra, 1925
  • Plebicula Higgins, 1969
  • Paragrodiaetus Rose & Schurian, 1977
  • Sublysandra Kocak, 1977
  • Admetusia Koçak & Seven, 1998
  • Thersitesia Koçak & Seven, 1998

Taxonomy

Recent molecular studies have demonstrated that Cyaniris, Lysandra, and Neolysandra are different genera from Polyommatus, where they had been included, sometimes as subgenera.

Some authors still recognize other subgenera, such as Agrodiaetus, Bryna, Meleageria, and Plebicula.

List of species
  • Polyommatus abdon E. & U. Aistleitner, 1994
  • Polyommatus achaemenes (Skala, 2002)
  • Polyommatus actinides (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus actis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
  • Polyommatus admetus (Esper, 1785)
  • Polyommatus aedon (Christoph, 1887)
  • Polyommatus afghanicus (Forster, 1973)
  • Polyommatus afghanistana (Forster, 1972)
  • Polyommatus ahmadi (Carbonell, 2001)
  • Polyommatus alcestis (Zerny, 1932)
  • Polyommatus aloisi (Bálint, 1988)
  • Polyommatus altivagans (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) Amanda's blue
  • Polyommatus amor (Lang, 1884)
  • Polyommatus annamaria (Tutt, 1909)
  • Polyommatus anthea (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus anticarmon (Koçak, 1983)
  • Polyommatus antidolus (Rebel, 1901)
  • Polyommatus arasbarani (Carbonell & Naderi, 2000)
  • Polyommatus ardschira (Brandt, 1938)
  • Polyommatus ariana (Tutt, 1909)
  • Polyommatus aroaniensis (Brown, 1976) Grecian anomalous blue
  • Polyommatus artvinensis (Carbonell, 1997)
  • Polyommatus aserbeidschanus (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus atlantica (Elwes, 1905)
  • Polyommatus attalaensis (Carbonell et al., 2004)
  • Polyommatus australorossicus Lukhtanov & Dantchenko, 2017
  • Polyommatus avinovi (Shchetkin, 1980)
  • Polyommatus baltazardi (de Lesse, 1963)
  • Polyommatus barmifiruze (Carbonell, 2000)
  • Polyommatus baytopi (de Lesse, 1959)
  • Polyommatus bilgini (Dantchenko & Lukhtanov, 2002)
  • Polyommatus bilucha (Moore, 1884)
  • Polyommatus birunii Eckweiler & ten Hagen, 1998
  • Polyommatus biton (Sulzer, 1776)
  • Polyommatus bogra Tshikolovets, 1992
  • Polyommatus boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844)
  • Polyommatus buzulmavi (Carbonell, 1992)
  • Polyommatus caeruleus (Staudinger, 1871)
  • Polyommatus carmon (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
  • Polyommatus carmonides (de Lesse, 1960)
  • Polyommatus celina (Austaut, 1879)
  • Polyommatus chitralensis (Oberthür, 1910)
  • Polyommatus cilicius (Carbonell, 1998)
  • Polyommatus ciloicus (Tutt, 1909)
  • Polyommatus cornelia (Gerhard, 1851)
  • Polyommatus cyaneus (Staudinger, 1899)
  • Polyommatus dagestanicus (Forster, 1960)
  • Polyommatus dagmara (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888)
  • Polyommatus dama (Staudinger, 1891) Mesopotamian blue
  • Polyommatus damocles (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844)
  • Polyommatus damon (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
  • Polyommatus damone (Eversmann, 1841)
  • Polyommatus damonides (Staudinger, 1899)
  • Polyommatus dantchenkoi (Lukhtanov & Wiemers, 2003)
  • Polyommatus daphnis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
  • Polyommatus darius Eckweiler & ten Hagen, 1998
  • Polyommatus deebi (Larsen, 1974)
  • Polyommatus demavendi (Pfeiffer, 1938)
  • Polyommatus dizinensis (Schurian, 1982)
  • Polyommatus dolus (Hübner, 1823) furry blue
  • Polyommatus dorylas (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
  • Polyommatus dux (Tutt, 1909)
  • Polyommatus ectabanensis (de Lesse, 1963)
  • Polyommatus elena Stradomsky & Arzanov, 1999
  • Polyommatus erigone (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus eriwanensis (Forster, 1960)
  • Polyommatus ernesti (Eckweiler, 1989)
  • Polyommatus eroides (Frivaldszky, 1835)
  • Polyommatus eros (Ochsenheimer, 1808)
  • Polyommatus erotides (Kurentzov, 1970)
  • Polyommatus erschoffi (Lederer, 1869)
  • Polyommatus erzindjanensis (Carbonell, 2002)
  • Polyommatus escheri (Hübner, 1823)
  • Polyommatus esfahensis (Carbonell, 2000)
  • Polyommatus evansi (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus everesti (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus fabiani (Staudinger, 1899)
  • Polyommatus fabressei (Oberthür, 1910) Oberthür's anomalous blue
  • Polyommatus femininoides (Eckweiler, 1987)
  • Polyommatus firdussii (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus forresti (Kurentzov, 1970)
  • Polyommatus forsteri (Pfeiffer, 1938)
  • Polyommatus fraterluci (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus frauvartianae (Lederer, 1870)
  • Polyommatus fulgens (Sagarra, 1925) Catalan furry blue
  • Polyommatus glaucias (Lederer, 1870)
  • Polyommatus golgus (Hübner, 1813) Sierra Nevada blue
  • Polyommatus gorbunovi (Eckweiler, 1989)
  • Polyommatus guezelmavi (Olivier, Puplesiene, van der Poorten, de Prins & Wiemers, 1999)
  • Polyommatus haigi (Dantchenko & Lukhtanov, 2002)
  • Polyommatus hamadanensis (de Lesse, 1959)
  • Polyommatus hopfferi (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
  • Polyommatus huberti (Carbonell, 1993)
  • Polyommatus humedasae (Toso & Balletto, 1976) Piedmont anomalous blue
  • Polyommatus hunza (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus icadius (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg, 1775) common blue
  • Polyommatus igisizilim (Dantchenko, 2000)
  • Polyommatus interjectus (De Lesse, 1960)
  • Polyommatus iphicarmon (Courvoisier, 1913)
  • Polyommatus iphidamon (Staudinger, 1899)
  • Polyommatus iphigenia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847)
  • Polyommatus iphigenides (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus isauricoides (Gerhard, 1851)
  • Polyommatus ischkaschimicus (de Lesse, 1957)
  • Polyommatus juldusa (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus juno (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)
  • Polyommatus kamtshadalis (Sheljuzhko, 1933)
  • Polyommatus kanduli (Dantchenko & Lukhtanov, 2002)
  • Polyommatus karindus (Riley, 1921)
  • Polyommatus kashgharensis (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)
  • Polyommatus kendevani (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus khorasanensis (Carbonell, 2001)
  • Polyommatus khoshyeilagi (Blom, 1979)
  • Polyommatus klausschuriani (ten Hagen, 1999)
  • Polyommatus kurdistanicus (Forster, 1961)
  • Polyommatus larseni (Carbonell, 1994)
  • Polyommatus lorestanus (Eckweiler, 1997)
  • Polyommatus lycius (Carbonell, 1996)
  • Polyommatus magnifica (Grum-Grshimailo, 1885)
  • Polyommatus marcida (Lederer, 1870)
  • Polyommatus melanius (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus menalcas (Freyer, 1837)
  • Polyommatus menelaos (Kurentzov, 1970)
  • Polyommatus meoticus (Ochsenheimer, 1808)
  • Polyommatus merhaba (de Prins, van der Poorten, Borie, Oorschot, Riemis & Coenen, 1991)
  • Polyommatus mithridates (Toso & Balletto, 1976)
  • Polyommatus mofidi (de Lesse, 1963)
  • Polyommatus morgani (Le Cerf, 1909)
  • Polyommatus muetingi (Bálint, 1992)
  • Polyommatus myrrha (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
  • Polyommatus nadira (Moore, 1884)
  • Polyommatus nekrutenkoi (Dantchenko et al., 2004)
  • Polyommatus nephohiptamenos (Brown & Coutsis, 1978) Higgins's anomalous blue
  • Polyommatus ninae (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus nivescens (Keferstein, 1851) mother-of-pearl blue
  • Polyommatus nuksani (Forster, 1937)
  • Polyommatus paulae (Wiemers & De Prins, 2004)
  • Polyommatus peilei (Le Cerf, 1909)
  • Polyommatus pfeifferi (Brandt, 1938)
  • Polyommatus phillipi (Lederer, 1852)
  • Polyommatus phyllides (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus phyllis (Christoph, 1877)
  • Polyommatus pierceae (Lukhtanov & Dantchenko, 2002)
  • Polyommatus pierinoi (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
  • Polyommatus polonus (Schurian & Hofmann, 1983)
  • Polyommatus poseidon (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851])
  • Polyommatus poseidonides (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus posthumus (Christoph, 1877)
  • Polyommatus pseudactis (Forster, 1960)
  • Polyommatus pseuderos (Kurentzov, 1970)
  • Polyommatus pseudorjabovi Lukhtanov, Dantchenko, Vishnevskaya & Saifitdinova, 2015
  • Polyommatus pseudoxerxes (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus pulchella (Bernard, 1951)
  • Polyommatus putnami (Dantchenko & Lukhtanov, 2002)
  • Polyommatus ripartii (Freyer, 1830) Ripart's anomalous blue
  • Polyommatus rjabovi (Forster, 1960)
  • Polyommatus rovshani (Christoph, 1877)
  • Polyommatus sagratrox (Aistleitner, 1986)
  • Polyommatus schuriani (Rose, 1978)
  • Polyommatus sennanensis (de Lesse, 1959)
  • Polyommatus sertavulensis (Koçak, 1979)
  • Polyommatus shahrami (Skala, 2001)
  • Polyommatus shamil (Dantchenko, 2000)
  • Polyommatus shirkuhensis ten Hagen & Eckweiler, 2001
  • Polyommatus sigberti (Olivier, Poorten, Puplesiene & de Prins, 2000)
  • Polyommatus stigmatifera (Ochsenheimer, 1808)
  • Polyommatus stoliczkanus (Felder & Felder, 1865)
  • Polyommatus surakovi (Koçak, 1996)
  • Polyommatus sutleja (Moore, 1882)
  • Polyommatus tankeri (de Lesse, 1960)
  • Polyommatus tenhageni Schurian & Eckweiler, 1999
  • Polyommatus theresiae (Schurian & van Oorschot & van den Brink, 1992)
  • Polyommatus thersites (Cantener, 1834) Chapman's blue
  • Polyommatus timfristos Lukhtanov, Vishnevskaya & Shapoval, 2016
  • Polyommatus transcaspicus (Staudinger, 1899)
  • Polyommatus tshetverikovi (Ochsenheimer, 1808)
  • Polyommatus tsvetaevi (Forster, 1961)
  • Polyommatus turcicolus (Koçak, 1977)
  • Polyommatus turcicus (Koçak, 1977
  • Polyommatus valiabadi (Rose & Schurian, 1977)
  • Polyommatus vanensis (de Lesse, 1957)
  • Polyommatus venus (Staudinger, 1886)
  • Polyommatus violetae (Gómez-Bustillo, Expósito & Martínez, 1979) Andalusian anomalous blue
  • Polyommatus wagneri (Forster, 1956)
  • Polyommatus yurinekrutenko (Koçak, 1996)
  • Polyommatus zapvadi (Carbonell, 1993)
  • Polyommatus zarathustra (Eckweiler, 1997)
  • Polyommatus zardensis (Schurian & ten Hagen, 2001)

References
  1. Savela, Markku. "Polyommatus Latreille, 1804". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved August 10, 2019.
  • Talavera, G, Lukhtanov, V.A.,Pierce, N.E. & Vila, R. (2012): Establishing criteria for higher-level classification using molecular data: the systematics of Polyommatus blue butterflies (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Cladistics. 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00421.x
  • Vila, R., Lukhtanov, V.A., Talavera, G., Gil-T., F. & Pierce, N.E. (2010): "How common are dot-like distributions? Taxonomical oversplitting in western European Agrodiaetus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) revealed by chromosomal and molecular markers. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 101:130-154 (2010) abstract

Further reading
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