Plasmodium brasilianum

Plasmodium brasilianum is a parasite that infects many species of platyrrhine monkeys in South and Central America.[1]

Plasmodium brasilianum
Scientific classification
(unranked): Diaphoretickes
Clade: TSAR
Clade: SAR
Infrakingdom: Alveolata
Phylum: Apicomplexa
Class: Aconoidasida
Order: Haemospororida
Family: Plasmodiidae
Genus: Plasmodium
Species:
P. brasilianum
Binomial name
Plasmodium brasilianum
(Gonder and Von Berenberg-Gossler, 1908)

Description

Sequence analysis of circumsporozoite protein, merozoite surface protein-1, and small subunit ribosomal RNA of P. malariae and P. brasilianum showed that the two parasites were very closely related.[1] It is considered plausible that P. brasilianum in platyrrhines is a result of the cross-species transfer of P. malariae brought to the New World by settlers in the post-Columbus era.[1] As P. malariae and P. brasilianum have now been demonstrated to be genetically identical based on 18S rRNA sequences, it has been proposed that P. brasilianum be subsumed under the name P. malariae.

Distribution

Plasmodium brasilianum naturally infects species of primates from all New World monkey families from a large geographic area in Central and South America.[2] The parasite has been found in Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, and French Guiana.[3][4]

Hosts

Natural infection of P. brasilianum has been found in tamarins and marmosets of the genera Callithrix, Leontopithecus and Mico in the Atlantic forest.[2] Also Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes infected by feeding on a platyrrhine spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi geoffroyi) from Panama carrying P. brasilianum, have been shown to transmit the parasite through biting to five human volunteers.[1] In addition to humans, P. brasilianum has been transmissible experimentally to marmosets.[5]

See also

References
  1. Ramasamy, Ranjan (2014). "Zoonotic Malaria – Global Overview and Research and Policy Needs". Front Public Health. 2: 123. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00123. PMC 4135302. PMID 25184118. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 3.0 license.
  2. Alvarenga, Denise A. M.; Pina-Costa, Anielle; BiancoJr, Cesare; Moreira, Silvia B.; Brasil, Patricia; Pissinatti, Alcides; Daniel-Ribeiro, Claudio T.; Brito, Cristiana F. A. (2017). "New potential Plasmodium brasilianum hosts: tamarin and marmoset monkeys (family Callitrichidae)". Malaria Journal. 16: 71. doi:10.1186/s12936-017-1724-0. PMC 5303265. PMID 28187764. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  3. Guimarães, Lilian O.; Wunderlich, Gerhard; Alves, João M. P.; Bueno, Marina G.; Röhe, Fabio; Catão-Dias, José L.; Neves, Amanda; Malafronte, Rosely S.; Curado, Izilda; Domingues, Wilson; Kirchgatter, Karin (2015). "Merozoite surface protein-1 genetic diversity in Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium brasilianum from Brazil". BMC Infect Dis. 15: 529. doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1238-8. PMC 4647813. PMID 26572971.
  4. Collins, WE; Ruebush, TK; Skinner, JC; Filipski, VK; Broderson, JR; Stanfill, PS; Morris, CL (1990). "The Peruvian III strain of Plasmodium brasilianum in Saimiri sciureus boliviensis monkeys". J Parasitol. 76: 676–80. doi:10.2307/3282981. PMID 2213410.
  5. "Plasmodium". medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
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