Phulchand Prithvi Raj

Phulchand Prithvi Raj (September 13, 1931 – February 27, 2016) was an Indian American physician and anesthesiologist specializing in interventional pain management. His name is synonymous with regional anesthesia and interventional pain management including development of multiple training programs, training of thousands of individual physicians, numerous publications, and organization of interventional pain management as a distinct specialty.[1] Some felt his passing created a void in interventional pain management across the globe.[2][3] Some of his major contributions during his career involved the development and implementation of regional anesthesia and interventional pain management.

Phulchand Prithvi Raj
Born(1931-09-13)September 13, 1931
Bagri Sajjanpur, Princely state of Jaipur of British India now (Rajasthan, India)
DiedFebruary 27, 2016(2016-02-27) (aged 84)
NationalityIndian American
CitizenshipUS
Education
Spouse(s)Susan Martin Raj (1963-2016)
Children3
Medical career
Profession
  • professor
  • anesthesiologist
  • interventional pain management physician
Field
  • anesthesiology
  • interventional pain management
Institutions
Researchinterventional pain management

Personal background

Phulchand Prithvi Raj Borundia was born September 13, 1931 in Bagri Sajjanpur, a small village approximately 100 miles west of Jaipur, Jaipur State, princely state of British India from 1128 to 1948, now the state of Rajasthan, India. His parents were Badani Bai (mother) and Phool Chandji Borundia (father).

During the pursuit of orthopedic surgery training, he met and married his Susan Martin, who was training as a nurse, in Darlington in 1963. She also became his working partner professionally. They had 3 children together named Mark, Maya, and Sarah. He had 7 grandchildren named Saijal, Cameron, Devi, Christopher, Brevin, Colin, and Enzo. After retirement in 2003, he and his wife lived in Cincinnati, Ohio.[4]

Education

P. Prithvi Raj completed high school at St. Joseph's Boys' High School, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Raj graduated from Mysore Medical College. He did his residency in orthopedics.

Dr. Raj entered a rotating internship in orthopedics at St. Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, Connecticut. He started his residency in anesthesia in 1963 at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas.[5] He completed his third year of residency in Norway.[6]

Professional background

Raj was on the faculty at a number of universities in England, Norway, and throughout the United States. He was also one of the founders of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA),[7] the Texas Pain Society,[8] and World Institute of Pain,[9] along with fellowship examination in interventional pain management offered across the globe.[10] He also founded or cofounded multiple journals including Pain Practice and Pain Digest[11] He was a prolific writer and historian.[1]

Dr Raj started as a house officer in 1958 in Ashton-under-Lyne, Manchester, and became registrar in 1962. After achieving his residency in orthopedics, Raj decided to take his career to the United States. Raj entered a rotating internship at St. Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, Connecticut.

Dr. Raj started his anesthesiology residency under chairman, Dr. Pepper Jenkins, in 1963 at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas.[5] He completed his third year of residency in Norway.[6]

Dr. Raj was not only innovative and pioneering in scientific aspects, but also in promoting the specialty of regional anesthesia and interventional pain management. He was one of the 5 founders of ASRA in 1975.[12] The history of the refounding of the ASRA, now known as the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA-PM), dates back to late 1973 when 5 dreamers met, now called the founding fathers of the ASRA, to form a society devoted to teach regional anesthesia. These 5 pioneers of regional anesthesia were Alon Winnie, Donald Bridenbaugh, Harold Carron, Prithvi Raj, and Jordan Katz.[13]

Achievements and awards

During Dr. Raj's professional career and even after his death, he received numerous honors and awards. Some of the significant recognitions and awards are as follows:

  1. 2018 Giants in Pain Medicine Award instituted by American Society Of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP)
  2. 2014 Establishment of Annual Distinguished Lecture entitled: "Raj-Racz Distinguished Lecture"
  3. 2013 Distinguished Service Award: ASIPP
  4. 2009 John Bonica Award: ASRA
  5. 2007 Recipient of Founding Father's Medal: ASRA
  6. 2005 Distinguished Service Award: ASRA
  7. 2003 Lifetime Achievement Award: ASIPP
  8. 2003 Premio Guido Moricca Award: Sardinia, Italy
  9. 2002 Career Excellence in Pain Medicine: American Neuromodulation Society
  10. 2000 Outstanding achievements in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine: TTUHSC Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management
  11. 2000 Carl Koller Award: European Society of Regional Anesthesia (ESRA)
  12. 1995 Distinguished Academician: Academy of Medicine of Singapore

Dr Raj was certified by multiple organizations:

  1. 1966 Fellow – American College of Anesthesiologists (FACA)
  2. 1967 Fellow in the Faculty of Anesthetists of The Royal College of Surgeons of England FFARCS (England)
  3. 1971 Diplomate American Board of Anesthesiology (DABA)
  4. 1992 Diplomate American Board of Pain Medicine (DABP)
  5. 1993 Added Qualification in Pain Management (ABA)
  6. 1994 Fellow of Interventional Pain Practice FIPP
  7. 2003 Recertification of added qualification in Pain Management (ABA)
  8. 2005 Diplomate of American Board of Interventional Pain Physicians ABIPP

Selected works

During a 5-year career in Dallas, Raj has researched many areas and is published in many forms. Among them are:

  • Acute epiglottis in children: a respiratory emergency[14]
  • Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes[15]
  • Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia[16]
  • The site of action of intravenous regiional anesthesia[17]
  • The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage[18]
  • Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach[19]
  • A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block[20]
  • Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions[21]
  • Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epidural analgesia[22]

References
  1. Manchikanti, Laxmaiah (May 2016). "In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj". Pain Physician. 19 (4): E515-30. PMID 27228519. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  2. Hartrick, CT; Raj, P. Prithivi (2016). "FIPP". Pain Pract. 16: 403–404. doi:10.1111/papr.12447.
  3. Nair, L.; Giesecke, A.; Raj, P. Prithvi (2010). "FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer". Bulletin of Anesthesia History. 28: 7–11.
  4. Manchikanti, Laxmaiah (2016). "In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj". Pain Physician. 19: E527. PMID 27228519.
  5. Nair, L; Giesecke, A; Raj, P. Prithvi (2010). "FFARCS: Regional anesthesia pioneer". Bulletin of Anesthesia History. 28: 7–11.
  6. Interview of Dr. Raj conducted by Alon P. Winnie, MD, Chicago, May 2003
  7. "Founding Fathers". American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  8. Raj, PP; Hill, CS; Racz, G; Heavner, J; Grabois, M; Neill, J; Willis, W; Schade, CM; Rashbaum, R; Calodney, A; Burton, AW; Somerville, J (2012). "The story of the Texas Pain Society: Formation and function of a regional pain society". Pain Pract. 12: 57–65. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00472.x.
  9. "WIP Fact Sheet" (PDF). World Institute of Pain. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  10. Ptaszynski, AE; Horlocker, TT; Bacon, DR; Rowlingson, JC; Winnie, Alon; Carron, Harold; Raj, Pulchand; Bridenbaugh, Donald; Katz, Jordan (2006). "Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia". Reg Anesth Pain Med. 31: 71–78. doi:10.1097/00115550-200601000-00013.
  11. "Phulchand Prithvi Raj, M.D., DABPM, FIPP" (PDF). Kenes. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 12, 2016. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  12. Ptaszynski, AE; Horlocker, TT; Bacon, DR; Rowlingson, JC; Winnie, Alon P.; Bridenbaugh, L. Donald; Raj, P. Prithvi; Katz, Jordan (2006). "Founding fathers of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia". Reg Anesth Pain Med. 31: 71–78.
  13. Manchikanti, Laxmaiah (2016). "In Memoriam of an Eminent Pain Physician: Phulchand Prithvi Raj". Pain Physician. 19 (May/June): E521. PMID 27228519. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  14. Raj, Phulchand (1969). "Acute epiglottis in children. A respiratory emergency". Br J Anaesth. 41: 619–627. doi:10.1093/bja/41.7.619.
  15. Raj, Phulchand (1971). "Oxidation drug metabolism in human liver microsomes". J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 178: 580–588.
  16. Raj, Phulchand (1974). "Techniques for fiberoptic laryngoscope in anesthesia". Anesth Analg. 53: 708–714. doi:10.1213/00000539-197409000-00016. PMID 4472341.
  17. Raj, Phulchand (1972). "The site of action of intravenous regiional anesthesia". Anesth Analg. 51: 776–786. doi:10.1213/00000539-197209000-00029.
  18. Raj, Phulchand (1973). "The use of the nerve stimulator with standard unsheathed needles in nerve blockage". Anesth Analg. 52: 827–831. doi:10.1213/00000539-197309000-00036. PMID 4738206.
  19. Raj, Phulchand (1973). "Infraclavicular brachial plexus - a new approach". Anesth Analg. 52: 897–904. doi:10.1213/00000539-197311000-00007.
  20. Raj, Phulchand (1975). "A new single-position supine approach to sciatic-femoral nerve block". Anesth Analg. 54: 489–493. doi:10.1213/00000539-197507000-00020.
  21. Raj, Phulchand (1997). "Physiology and pharmacokinetics of continuous infusions". Pain Digest. 7: 51–61.
  22. Raj, Phulchand (1979). "Experience with volumetric infusion pumps for continuous epdural analgesia". Reg Anesth. 4: 3–5.
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