Photography in Turkey

Photography in Turkey began in the late nineteenth century.

Photographers
  • Ara Güler (16 August 1928 – 17 October 2018) was a Turkish Armenian photojournalist, nicknamed "the Eye of Istanbul" or "the Photographer of Istanbul".[1]
  • Ömer Asan, Ömer Şükrü Asan (born May 28, 1961 in Trabzon, Turkey), is a Turkish folklorist, photographer and writer.
  • Uğur Uluocak, Yaşar Uğur Uluocak (1962 – July 2, 2003) was a Turkish outdoorsman, mountaineer, photographer, and editor.

History

19th century photography

Already in the 1870s printing companies were using photography in major coastal cities to document buildings and monuments for the municipal government, and to produce postcards for tourists. In this way cities like Smyrna (Izmir) and Trebizond (Trabzon) were documented in the late 19th century. The majority of these photographers and postcard editors were Greeks, Armenians and Italians. Outside Constantinople photography first took off in Trabzon. A photographer of Russian origin called Yermakof opened a photostudio in the city in 1868.[2] Hatchik Tcholakian was an Armenian photographer who opened his studio in Trabzon in the 1870s. However, there were Turks active in the business as well. Kitabi Hamdi Efendi (Bookseller Hamdi), the Turkish owner of a printing house in Trabzon, was publishing his photographs (and those of others), and he sold photo cameras as well. Another Turkish photographer and postcard editor who was active from the late 19th century in Trabzon was Osman Nouri.

One of the first Turkish photographers by profession was Rahmizâde Bâhâeddin Bediz who opened his photostudio in Crete and later in Istanbul. He was active also in the first half of 20th century as a pioneer photographer in Turkey.

Further, as one of the earliest photographers in Turkey, Pascal Sébah, who was born in Istanbul, but not fully Turkish, had his photostudio in Istanbul.

The first half of 20th century

Further, Othmar Pferschy, non-Turkish photographer, opened his photo studio in Istanbul in 1931 and actively took documentary photographs.

The second half of 20th century and 21st century

In this period, there are emerging numerous Turkish photographers active in and outside of Turkey.

non-Turkish photographers relating to or (were or are) active in Turkey
  • Maxime Du Camp
  • James Robertson
  • Dmitri Yermakov – Russian photographer who took the first known stills of Trabzon city center and Sumela monastery in the 1860s and 70s.
  • Kakoulis Brothers – Pontic Greek siblings from Trabzon who worked for the state to document the empire in the 19th century, next to producing many portrait photographs of Greeks, Armenians and Turks.
  • Hatchik Tcholakian – Armenian photographer of Trabzon who made portret photographs, documented public scenes and published touristic postcards in the 1870s to 1890s.
  • Theodore Stylianides – Pontic Greek photographer and postcard editor of Trabzon in the 1890s/1900s.
  • Thovmas Karakachian – Armenian photographer and postcard editor of Giresun in the 1890s/1900s.

Relating museums, institutions, universities, associations or groups
  • İstanbul Modern, a.k.a. Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, (Turkish: İstanbul Modern Sanat Müzesi)
  • Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, originally opened in 1881 by Osman Hamdi as Sanâyi-i Nefîse Mektebi

Further reading
  • Appearances as we see them. A selection of Turkish photography since the founding of the Republic (Biz'den gorunenler. Cumhuriyet sonrasi Turk fotografindan bir secki). [Exhibition catalogue], BOSPHORUS BOOKS, 100 p., color and b/w photos. In Turkish and English, 2004 from IberLibro.com with a cover picture
  • Türkiye’de Fotoğraf, Photography in Turkey, Engin Özendes
  • Türk Plastik Sanatçıları Ansiklopedisi, Turkish Fine Art Artists Encyclopedia, Kaya Özsezgin
  • Türk Fotoğrafında 101 kompozisyon 101 yorum, 101 Compositions 101 Critiques on Turkish Photography, Gültekin Çizgen
  • Cumhuriyet’in ışığında: Othmar Pferschy fotoğrafları (In the light of the Republic: photographs of the Othmar Pferschy), Engin Özendes, Karaköy, İstanbul : İstanbul Modern, 2006, ISBN 975-6167-09-2, ISBN 978-975-6167-09-0
  • James Robertson: pioneer of photography in the Ottoman Empire, by Bahattin Öztuncay, Beyoğlu, İstanbul, 1992, ISBN 975-7622-08-7

References
  1. "Ara Güler'in Hayatı" (in Turkish). fotograf.net. Archived from the original on 29 November 2009. Retrieved 2017-05-13.
  2. Unisentified Armenian Boy and Mother (1890s) Web-page on photograph of Armenians in Trabzon
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