Pallas-class frigate (1808)

The Pallas class constituted the standard design of 40-gun frigates of the French Navy during the Napoleonic Empire period. Jacques-Noël Sané designed them in 1805, as a development of his seven-ship Hortense class of 1802, and over the next eight years the Napoléonic government ordered in total 62 frigates to be built to this new design. Of these some 54 were completed, although ten of them were begun for the French Navy in shipyards within the French-occupied Netherlands or Italy, which were then under French occupation; these latter ships were completed for the Netherlands or Austrian navies after 1813.

Not to be confused with Pallas class frigate.

Class overview
Name: Pallas
Operators:  French Navy
Preceded by: Hortense class
Subclasses: Ariane[1]
Planned: 62
Completed: 57
Cancelled: 5
General characteristics
Class and type: Pallas-class frigate
Displacement: 1,080 tonnes
Length: 46.93 m (154 ft 0 in)
Beam: 11.91 m (39 ft 1 in)
Draught: 5.9 m (19 ft 4 in)
Propulsion: 1,950 m2 (21,000 sq ft) of sail
Complement: 326
Armament:

Ships launched in 1807 (1)
Note – Corona was completed for the Napoleonic Italian Navy, but transferred to the French Navy in April 1810.
Builder: Battistella, Venice
Ordered: 26 March 1805
Laid down: 26 December 1806
Launched: 27 December 1807
Completed: December 1808
Fate: Captured by the British Navy at the Battle of Lissa on 13 March 1811.

Ships launched in 1808 (7)
  • Pallas
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre (near Nantes)
Ordered: 26 March 1805
Laid down: October 1805
Launched: 9 April 1808
Completed: June 1808
Fate: Stricken 8 November 1821 at Brest and hulked, and broken up 1841
  • Elbe
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
Ordered: 26 March 1805 as Aréthuse
Laid down: October 1805, renamed Elbe May 1807
Launched: 23 May 1808
Completed: July 1809
Fate: Renamed Calypso August 1814. Condemned 1825 and taken to pieces c.1841.
Builder: Toulon
Ordered: 10 October 1807
Laid down: November 1807
Launched: 21 July 1808
Completed: January 1809
Fate: Renamed Junon April 1814. Condemned 1842.
Builder: Louis & Michel-Louis Crucy, Paimboeuf
Ordered: 19 July 1806
Laid down: July 1806
Launched: 6 August 1808
Completed: March 1809
Fate: Captured by the British Navy in February 1814, becoming HMS Aurora.
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
Ordered: 26 March 1805
Launched: 20 August 1808
Fate: Captured by the British Navy in May 1811, becoming HMS Java; later captured by US Navy in December 1812.
  • Élisa
Builder: Le Havre
Ordered: 20 May 1806
Laid down: August 1806
Launched: 22 September 1810
Fate: Wrecked on 22 December 1810 near Réville
Note – Favorita was completed for the Napoleonic Italian Navy, but transferred to the French Navy in April 1810.
Builder: Venice
Ordered: 1806
Launched: 4 October 1810
Fate: Renamed Favorite in April 1810 (on transfer). Burnt at Battle of Lissa March 1811.

Ships launched in 1809 (3)
Builder: Cherbourg
Ordered: 1808
Launched: May 1809
Fate: Captured by the British Navy in December 1810, becoming HMS Pomone.
  • Fidèle
Builder: Vlissingen (Flushing)
Ordered: 14 August 1806
Launched: June 1809
Fate: Captured by the British Navy in August 1809, becoming HMS Laurel.
Builder: Toulon
Ordered: 10 October 1807
Launched: 15 August 1810
Fate: Renamed Aurore in April 1814, then Dauphine in September 1829 and Aurore again in August 1830. Converted to a transport 1841.

Ships launched in 1810 (4)
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
Ordered: 25 April 1807
Launched: 1 May 1810
Fate: Converted to a breakwater 1832
Builder: Cherbourg
Ordered: 1809
Launched: 20 May 1810
Fate: Captured by the Royal Navy in January 1814, becoming first HMS Palma and then HMS Gloire. before being sold in 1817.
Builder: Paimboeuf
Ordered: 11 March 1807
Launched: 1 July 1810
Fate: Wrecked in July 1816.
  • Prégel
Builder: Saint Malo
Ordered: 1807
Launched: 30 October 1810
Fate: Renamed Eurydice August 1814. Deleted 1825.

Ships launched in 1811 (9)
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
Ordered: 25 April 1807
Launched: 7 April 1811
Fate: Burnt to avoid capture in the Action of 22 May 1812.
Builder: Genoa
Ordered: 1808
Launched: 5 May 1811
Fate: Hulked 1849. Renamed Muiron 1850. Burnt 1882.
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
Ordered: 10 November 1808
Launched: 21 May 1811
Fate: Sunk in the Action of 22 May 1812.
  • IJssel
Builder: Amsterdam
Ordered:
Launched: May 1811
Fate: Transferred to Netherlands 1814.
  • Carolina
Builder: Naples
Ordered: 1807
Launched: 16 June 1811
Fate: Transferred to the Neapolitan Navy in December 1813.
  • Princesse de Bologne
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: 5 September 1811
Fate: Transferred to the Austrian Navy in April 1814, becoming their Lipsia.
  • Gloire
Builder: Le Havre
Ordered: 26 December 1808
Launched: 3 November 1811
Fate: Condemned 1822.
  • Illyrienne
Builder: Saint Malo
Ordered: 26 December 1808
Launched: 13 November 1811
Fate: Renamed Hermione 30 August 1814; stricken 14 April 1841.
  • Meuse
Builder: Amsterdam
Ordered: 1810 as Alcide, renamed September 1810 before being laid down
Launched: 17 December 1811
Fate: Transferred to the Netherlands Navy in May 1814, becoming their Maas.

Ships launched in 1812 (14)
  • Terpsichore
Builder: Antwerp
Ordered: 1810
Launched: 26 February 1812
Fate: Captured by the fourth rate HMS Majestic in February 1814, becoming HMS Modeste; she was broken up in 1816
  • Érigone
Builder: Antwerp
Ordered: 1810
Launched: 25 March 1812
Builder: Paimboeuf
Ordered: 26 December 1808
Launched: 11 April 1812
Fate: Converted to a 28-gun corvette 1833-1834. Stricken 1851 and broken up after 1865.
  • Galatée
Builder: Genoa
Ordered: 1808
Launched: 3 May 1812
Fate: Stricken at Toulon 6 May 1837.
  • Jahde
Builder: Rotterdam
Ordered:
Launched: 9 May 1812
Builder: Amsterdam
Ordered:
Launched: 12 May 1812
Builder: Amsterdam
Ordered:
Launched: 12 May 1812
Builder: Toulon
Ordered: 18 January 1810
Launched: 17 May 1812
Builder: Mathurin & Antoine Crucy, Basse-Indre
Ordered: 21 October 1809
Launched: 25 May 1812
  • Ems
Builder: Rotterdam
Ordered:
Launched: 26 May 1812
  • Atalante
Builder: Lorient - Caudan
Ordered: 1 July 1809 as Eurydice but renamed 1811
Launched: 24 June 1812
  • Cérès
Builder: Brest
Ordered:
Launched: 12 August 1812
  • Piave
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: 15 August 1812
  • Dryade
Builder: Genoa
Ordered: 1811
Launched: 4 October 1812

Ships launched in 1813 (4)
  • Sultane
Builder: Paimboeuf
Ordered: 21 October 1809
Launched: 30 May 1813
Fate: Captured by the British Navy March 1814, becoming HMS Sultane.
Builder: Paimboeuf
Ordered: 21 October 1810 as Hyménée, but renamed before being laid down.
Launched: 28 July 1813
Fate: Captured by the British Navy in March 1814, becoming HMS Topaze.
  • Rancune
Builder: Toulon
Ordered: 20 February 1812
Launched: 30 September 1813
Fate: Renamed Néréide about August 1814. Condemned 1825.
  • Amphitrite
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: October 1813
Fate: Still incomplete in April 1814 when Venice was captured by the Austrians. Then renamed Anfitrite and later Augusta in the Austrian Navy.

Ships launched in 1814 (3)

As noted below, all three vessels launched in 1814 were never added to the French Navy, as they were completed for the Dutch after the liberation of the Netherlands.

  • Amstel
Builder: Rotterdam
Ordered:
Launched: 13 September 1814
Fate: Completed for the Netherlands Navy in 1816, becoming their Amster.
  • Ambitieuse
Builder: Amsterdam
Ordered:
Launched: November 1814
Fate: Completed for the Netherlands Navy in 1816, becoming their Koningen, later Wilhelmina.
  • Immortelle
Builder: Amsterdam
Ordered:
Launched: November 1814
Fate: Completed for the Netherlands Navy in 1816, becoming their Frederica Sophia Wilhelmina.

Ships launched after 1814 (12)

Six of the following were completed for the French Navy after the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy; the other six, laid down in Rotterdam and Venice while those cities were under French control, were completed for the Netherlands and Austrian Navies respectively.

  • Cybèle
Builder: Le Havre
Ordered: 1810
Launched: 11 April 1815
Fate: Completed 1816. Hulked 1850 as Remise.
  • Duchesse de Berry
Builder: Lorient - Caudan
Ordered: 1810 as Didon, renamed at launch.
Launched: 25 August 1816
Fate: Completed 1817. Hulked 1829 and renamed Victoire in August 1830.
  • Vestale
Builder: Rotterdam
Ordered:
Launched: October 1816
Fate: Completed for the Netherlands Navy in 1818, becoming their Vestale, later (1828) Rhijn.
  • Fidèle
Builder: Rotterdam
Ordered:
Launched: 22 November 1817
Fate: Completed for the Netherlands Navy in 1819, becoming their Schelde.
  • Constance
Builder: Brest
Ordered:
Launched: 2 September 1818
Fate: Completed 1823. Hulked 1836.
Builder: Toulon
Ordered: 1813
Launched: 3 May 1819
Fate: Completed 1822. Renamed 1865 as Lanninon.
  • Astrée
Builder: Paimboeuf originally, then Lorient
Ordered: 25 March 1812
Launched: 28 April 1820
Fate: Completed 1821. Condemned 1842.
  • Hébé
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: 1820
Fate: Completed for the Austrian Navy in 1821, becoming their Ebe.
  • Armide
Builder: Paimboeuf originally, then Lorient
Ordered: 25 March 1812
Launched: 1 May 1821
Fate: Completed 1823. Renamed 1866 as Entrepot.
  • Moskva
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: 1827
Fate: Completed for the Austrian Navy in 1828, becoming their Medea.
  • Guerrière
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: 1829
Fate: Completed for the Austrian Navy in 1830, becoming their Juno.
  • Vénus
Builder: Venice
Ordered:
Launched: 1832
Fate: Completed for the Austrian Navy in 1833, becoming their Venere.

Ships never launched (i.e. cancelled)
  • Corona
Builder: Venice
Begun: August 1812
Fate: Construction abandoned April 1814 at the fall of Venice to the Austrians.
  • Inconstante
Builder: Antwerp
Begun: August 1812
Fate: Construction abandoned August 1814 at the fall of Antwerp to the Allies.
  • Ruppel
Builder: Antwerp
Begun: September 1812
Fate: Construction abandoned August 1814 at the fall of Antwerp to the Allies.
  • Précieuse
Builder: Antwerp
Begun: September 1812
Fate: Construction abandoned August 1814 at the fall of Antwerp to the Allies.
  • Istrienne
Builder: Trieste
Begun: April 1813
Fate: Construction abandoned October 1813 at the fall of Trieste to the Austrians.

References

Citations
  1. Roche, op. cit., p. 331

References
  • Alain Demerliac, Nomenclature des navires francais de 1800–1815
  • Rif Winfield & Stephen S Roberts, French Warships in the Age of Sail 1786-1861: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. (Seaforth Publishing, 2015) ISBN 978-1-84832-204-2.
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