Naguilian, La Union

Naguilian, officially the Municipality of Naguilian (Ilocano: Ili ti Naguilian; Pangasinan: Baley na Naguilian; Filipino: Bayan ng Naguilian), is a 1st class municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 54,221 people. [3]

Naguilian

Nag-ili-an
Municipality
Municipality of Naguilian
Naguilian Municipal Hall along the Naguilian Road
Seal
Nickname(s): 
The True Heart of La Union
Home of the Original Basi
Motto(s): 
Tattan Naguilian!
Map of La Union with Naguilian highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Naguilian
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°32′N 120°24′E
Country Philippines
RegionIlocos Region (Region I)
ProvinceLa Union
District2nd District
FoundedFebruary 18, 1839
Barangays37 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorNieri T. Flores
 • Vice MayorReynaldo J. Flores
 • RepresentativeSandra Y. Eriguel
 • Electorate34,771 voters (2019)
Area
 [2]
 • Total104.60 km2 (40.39 sq mi)
Elevation
95 m (312 ft)
Population
 (2015 census) [3]
 • Total54,221
 • Density520/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
 • Households
11,874
Demonym(s)Naguilianon
Economy
 • Income class1st municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence5.94% (2015)[4]
 • Revenue PHP 175,483,104.21 million (1.9%) (2018)
 • Assets PHP 655,926,095.04 million (20.4%) (2018)
 • Liabilities PHP 121,440,412.64 million (9.8%) (2018)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
2511
PSGC
013311000
IDD : area code +63 (0)72
Climate typetropical monsoon climate
Native languagesIlocano
Tagalog
Major religionsRoman Catholic
Patron saintSaint Augustine of Hippo
Notable FestivalBasi Festival
Websitewww.naguilian.gov.ph

Naguilian is 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Baguio via the Naguilian Road and 17 kilometres (11 mi) from the provincial capital, San Fernando.

History

Originally a part of Bauang in the province of Pangasinan, Naguilian derived its name from the Iloko phrase “Nag-ili-an dagiti gan-ganaet” meaning “a place where people from other places come to stay”. It is formed from the Iloko root word “ili” meaning “town” which was later modified as “Naguilian”.

Its separation from Bauang coincided with the centennial celebration of the Catholic Church of Naguilian in 1839. When La Union was created by a Royal Decree in 1850, Naguilian was one of the twelve (12) towns that comprised the province.

The founding of Naguilian

Due to increasing population density, a group of immigrants drifted to the shore of La Union and began building the town of Bauang at the south of the river and settled thereat. Later, however, due to population explosion, they followed the meander of the river in search of a new territory. They found a fertile valley at the bank of the river, which they called Naguilian. They built a colony at the fork of the two (2) rivers and began developing the territory. They were the first inhabitants of Naguilian.

Ethnic origin of the people

Records have shown that when the Ilocanos arrived in town, Igorot settlers are already at par. At present, “natives” as the Igorots are popularly called can still be found at the southern and northern parts of the town while majority of the Ilocanos are settled at the lowlands.

The subdivision of Naguilian

During its establishment as a town, it was believed that a few portions of Burgos and Bagulin were originally a part of Naguilian. These include the lower portion of Burgos known as “Disdis” meaning “a small barrio” and the barangays along the southwestern bank of the Naguilian River (Bagulin portion). “Disdis” was also called “Stancia” by the Spaniards as it served as a pasture ground for their horses while the portion which eventually became a part of Bagulin was predominantly inhabited by the Igorots.

However, during the American Regime, by virtue of a Resolution of the Provincial Government of La Union, Naguilian was divided into three portions namely, that portion which became the town of Naguilian, that portion forming part of Burgos and that portion forming part of Bagulin.

Political development

The earliest political system used during the Spanish colonial period was the “encomienda” system. Under this system, the native inhabitants in a given geographic region were entrusted to conquistadores, friars, and native nobles in exchange for their services to the King. In return, the person granted the encomienda, known as an encomiendero, were given the privilege to collect tribute from its inhabitants and to provide military protection, justice and governance. The encomienda system however was abused by encomienderos and by 1700 was largely replaced by administrative units. With the main purpose of governance and tax collection, small towns or pueblos were ruled by Gobernadorcillos and Capitanes.

Geography

Naguilian is characterized by hills and mountains that are gently rolling, bordered by the Cordillera Mountains in the east. The alienable lands are rolling plains in narrow strips, framed by the mountains slopes and the banks of rivers, crisscrossed by streams and springs from the side of the mountains. Its soil varies from clay loam to sandy loam and golds.

Naguilian River along the Naguilian Road

There are two major rivers in Naguilian. The Naguilian River is located in the western portion of the town. It flows westward beginning from the province of Benguet towards La Union and empties into the South China Sea, draining the valleys of Barangays Bimmotobot, Mamat-ing Sur, Mamat-ing Norte, Tuddingan, Gusing Sur, Gusing Norte, Baraoas Norte, Daramuangan, Dal-lipaoen, Cabaritan Sur, Ortiz, Natividad, Suguidan Norte, and Suguidan Sur. It has a length of approximately 67 kilometres (42 mi) and has a basin area of 658 square kilometres (254 sq mi). As classified by the Environmental Management Bureau, the upper reaches of the river falls under Class A which means that it is suitable as water supply source for drinking. The lower reaches have lower water quality, categorized under Class C.

The other major stream springs from the Municipality of Burgos and drains the valleys of Barangays Aguioas, Sili, Al-alinao Norte, Nagsidorisan, Angin, Suguidan Norte, and Natividad. These two rivers meet at the poblacion where it forms a delta, then meander through the center of the municipality and empty at the mouth of the river in Bauang.

Climate

The municipality’s climate falls under the first type of climate in the Philippines, characterized by two (2) distinct seasons, wet and dry. The wet season usually comes in May and ends in the early part of October. The rest of the year is dry season.

Climate data for Naguilian, La Union
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30
(86)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 33
(91)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 30
(86)		 30
(86)		 30
(86)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)
Average low °C (°F) 21
(70)		 22
(72)		 23
(73)		 25
(77)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 22
(72)		 24
(75)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 42
(1.7)		 48
(1.9)		 74
(2.9)		 110
(4.3)		 269
(10.6)		 275
(10.8)		 362
(14.3)		 325
(12.8)		 330
(13.0)		 306
(12.0)		 126
(5.0)		 61
(2.4)		 2,328
(91.7)
Average rainy days 11.2 12.0 17.1 21.2 27.1 26.8 28.1 27.0 26.0 24.5 17.7 12.4 251.1
Source: Meteoblue [5]

Land use

Built-up areas of the town are generally spread along the barangay roads. Of the total land area, 50 hectares (120 acres), equivalent to 0.50% of the total land area, are classified as built-up areas. Urban built-up area, totaling 18.90 hectares (46.7 acres), constitute 11.22% of the total urban land area. Rural built-up areas total 31.10 hectares (76.8 acres), or 0.31% of the total rural area.

Through Proclamation No. 52, a portion of Barangay Casilagan, with an area of 897.26 hectares (2,217.2 acres), was proclaimed as a watershed area by the Bureau of Forestry.[6] This is equivalent to .10% of the total land area of the town.

Barangays
The 37 barangays of the Municipality of Naguilian[7]
Rank Barangay Population Rank Barangay Population
1 Baraoas Sur 3,153 20 Sili 1,154
2 Ortiz (Poblacion) 2,665 21 Bimmotobot 1,031
3 Natividad (Poblacion) 2,656 22 Daramuangan 1,015
4 Cabaritan Sur 1,947 23 Ribsuan 972
5 Casilagan 1,896 24 Nagsidorisan 939
6 Bariquir 1,761 25 Aguioas 934
7 Dal-lipaoen 1,746 26 Suguidan Sur 907
8 Tuddingan 1,570 27 San Isidro 903
9 Gusing Sur 1,542 28 San Antonio 897
10 Ambaracao Norte 1,533 29 Baraoas Norte 866
11 Bato 1,530 30 Magungunay 858
12 Gusing Norte 1,525 31 Al-alinao Sur 843
13 Lioac Norte 1,465 32 Balecbec 824
14 Imelda 1,415 33 Suguidan Norte 793
15 Al-alinao Norte 1,293 34 Ambaracao Sur 772
16 Mamat-ing Sur 1,290 35 Angin 731
17 Guesset 1,265 36 Mamat-ing Norte 719
18 Bancagan 1,231 37 Cabaritan Norte 540
19 Lioac Sur 1,226 Naguilian Total 48,407

Demographics
Population census of Naguilian
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 11,885—    
1918 14,828+1.49%
1939 15,933+0.34%
1948 15,227−0.50%
1960 19,528+2.09%
1970 25,177+2.57%
1975 27,114+1.50%
1980 29,304+1.57%
1990 36,328+2.17%
1995 39,989+1.82%
2000 43,501+1.82%
2007 45,232+0.54%
2010 48,407+2.50%
2015 54,221+2.18%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [3] [8] [9][10]

In the 2015 census, the population of Naguilian was 54,221 people, [3] with a density of 520 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,300 inhabitants per square mile.

Economy

Agriculture

Generally, the agricultural lands are narrow strips in the valleys, running from the sides of the mountains to the bank of the rivers, brooks, and streams. The rolling areas from the top of the mountains and hills are also utilized for the planting of rice and other crops. The area devoted for agricultural purposes, which totals 9,859.71 hectares (24,363.9 acres) constituting 97% of the total land area.

Industries

Industries in the different parts of the municipality include woodcraft, metal craft, bamboo craft, ceramics or brick making, concrete hollow block making, basi (sugarcane wine)[11] making and furniture making and upholstery, .28% of the total land area of the town is devoted for industrial purposes.

Commerce

The center of commercial activities is the public market located in Barangay Ortiz. There are, however, other commercial establishments found in the different barangays, the most common of which are sari-sari stores. The area devoted to commerce constitutes .03% of the total land area of the town.

Fishery

Fishing is done in almost all barangays traversed by the rivers, namely, Barangays Bimmotobot, Mamat-ing Sur, Mamat-ing Norte, Gusing Norte, Gusing Sur, Baraoas Norte, Baraoas Sur, Ortiz, Cabaritan Norte, Cabaritan Sur, Dal-lipaoen, Nagsidorisan, Suguidan Norte, Suguidan Sur, Guesset, Sili, Al-alinao Norte, Al-alinao Sur, Aguioas, and Ribsuan.

Sister cities

Notable people
  • Hermogenes F. Belen, Ilocano-language novelist, poet, and playwright[13]
  • Naguilian rural landscape
  • Naguilian Downtown
  • Naguilian Town Plaza
  • Naguilian Municipal Hall

References
  1.  Municipality of Naguilian | (DILG)
  2. "Province: La Union". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. Census of Population (2015). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  4. "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  5. "Naguilian: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  6. "Proclamation No. 52; Reserving and Designating As Naguilian Watershed Reservation For Watershed Protection and Timber Production the Parcel of the Public Domain Situated in the Municipality of Naguilian, Province of La Union, Island of Luzon". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 11 April 1936. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  7. "2010 Census of Population and Housing: Population Counts - Cordillera Administrative Region" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority, April 4, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
  8. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  9. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
  10. "Province of La Union". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  11. Keith, Charles (20 September 2011). "Naguilian struggles to save native brew". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Northern Luzon. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  12. "Memorandum of Agreement Establishing the Sister City Relationship Between The Municipality of Naguilian, La Union, Philippines and The City of Suisun City, California, United States of America" (PDF). Sistercities.org. 16 May 2006. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  13. Gruenberg, Estrellita (2000). Un-uni: Echoes from Ilokandia. Malate, Manila, Philippines: De La Salle University Press. p. 99. ISBN 971-555-321-4. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
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