N. Krishna Pillai

N. Krishna Pillai (22 September 1916 – 10 July 1988) was an Indian dramatist, literary critic, translator and historian of Malayalam language. Known for his realism and dramatic portrayal of psycho-social tensions, Pillai's plays earned him the moniker, Kerala Ibsen. He was a recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award, Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Drama, Odakkuzhal Award, Vayalar Award and Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award, besides other honours. The Kerala Sahitya Akademi inducted him as a distinguished fellow in 1979.

N. Krishna Pillai
Born(1916-09-22)September 22, 1916
Varkala, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India
DiedJuly 10, 1988(1988-07-10) (aged 71)
OccupationPlaywright, critic, historian
Spouse(s)Saraswathi Kunjamma
Relatives
  • Kakkattu Matom Kesavan (father)
  • Parvathy Amma (mother)
Awards

Biography

N. Krishna Pillai was born on September 22, 1916 at Muthana, a small village in Chirayinkeezhu taluk, Thiruvananthapuram district of the south Indian state of Kerala to Kakkattu Matom Kesavar Kesavan and Chekalavilakkathuveettil Parvathy Amma.[1] After schooling at the local schools in Sivagiri and Attingal, he studies at Maharaja's College, Thiruvananthapuram, now known as University College Thiruvananthapuram from where he graduated with honours in Malayalam in 1938 and started his career as a teacher of Malayalam at Sivagiri Malayalam School.[2] He quit the job in 1940 to pursue research at the University of Kerala and in 1943, he joined The Madurai Diraviyam Thayumanavar Hindu College as a lecturer but when he received a posting as a lecturer at the University College, the next year, he returned to Thiruvananthapuram to take up the post. Later, he worked in a number of other institutions such as Government Brennen College, Thalassery as a professor, Inermediate College, Thiruvananthapuram as the principal, and as the professor of Malayalam at the University College.[2]

N. Krishna Pillai was married to Azhakattu Saraswathy Kunjamma, the marriage taking place in 1943,[2] and the couple had four daughters, Sahiti, Kala, Madhuri and Nandini, and a son, Hari. Pillai died on July 10, 1988, at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, at the age of 71.[1]

Legacy
Prof. N. Krishna Pillai receiving the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
The founder of modern Malayalam drama — none other than N. Krishna Pillai can be referred so. He was a genius who made Malayalam drama what it is today, said C. Radhakrishnan on N. Krishna Pillai[3]

Krishna Pillai's oeuvre consists of 14 plays of which three were written for radio, 13 one-act plays, 7 books of children's literature, literary criticisms, historical essays and research papers.[4] He was credited with introducing social issues into Malayalam theatre at a time when mythological operas were the standard practice.[3]

Pillai brought a new outlook to the Malayalam drama, by omitting the farcical humour and concentrating on detailed studies of the character and the society, portrayed in drama, which earned him the moniker, Kerala Ibsen.[5] Bhagna-Bhavanam (Broken Home) published in 1942, Kanyaka (Spinster) (1944), Balabalam (Might against might) (1946), Anuranjanam (Compromise) (1954), Mutakkumutal (Investment) (1960) and Kutathile Vilakku (Lamp inside the pot) published in 1972 are some of his notable works.[2] He also published 11 essay compilations, two books of memoirs and interviews and 9 books of children's literature.[6] His book, Pratipathram Bhashanabhedham, is a detailed study of the novels of C. V. Raman Pillai and the book has won a number of awards.[7]

Awards and honours

When Kerala Sahitya Akademi introduced an annual award for drama in 1958, Krishna Pillai received the inaugural award, for the work, Azhimukhathekku.[8] His essay compilation, Theranjedutha Prabhandangal was selected for the Odakkuzhal Award in 1972[9] and he received the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award in 1973.[10] Kerala Sahitya Akademi inducted him as a distinguished fellow in 1979[11] and he received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1987;[12] he also received the Vayalar Award[13] and C. V. Sahitya Puraskar, in 1987.[7] He was also a recipient of the Father Abraham Vadakkel Award.[1]

N. Krishna Pillai Foundation, an eponymous organization, organized a three-day arts festival in Thiruvananthapuram in memory of Krishna Pillai in 2018 on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of Kanyaka one of Pillai's works.[14] N. Krishna Pillai Memorial Cultural Center, an institution in Pillai's honour, is situated at Palayam, Thiruvananthapuram, and houses a 250-seat mini theatre and N. Krishna Pillai Memorial library, a research centre with over 8000 titles.[15] The Foundation also organizes an annual theatre festival in his honour.[16]

Bibliography

Plays
  • Krishna Pillai. N. Randu Krithikal. Kamalalaya: Kamalalaya.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. N.Krishnapillayute naatakangangal. Kottayam: National Book Stall.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. Aaru Prahasanangal. Kottayam: D. C. Books.
  • Strindberg, August (1980). Oru Swapnanatakam or etra dukhamayam lokam. Translated by Krishna Pillai, N. Kottayam: National Book Stall.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1990). N.Krishnapillayute Lakhu Naatakangangal. Kottayam: D. C. Books.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1972). Maruppacha. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1942). Bhagnabhavanam. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1945). Balabalam. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1950). Anuranjanam. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1956). Azhimukhathekku. Trivendrum: Nandanam.
  • Krishna Pillai, N. (1953). Mutakkumuthal. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society.
  • Krishna Pillai, N; Author (2008). N Krishna Pillayude naatakangal sampoornam. Kottayam, D C Books. ISBN 9788126421046.

Essays

Translations
  • Émile Zola (1980). Kalangam. Translated by N. Krishna Pillai. Quilon: M. S. B. Depot.
  • Hugo, Victor (1994). Irulum velichavum. Translated by N. Krishna Pillai. Trivendrum: State Institute of Children's Literature.

Memoirs

References
  1. "Prof.N.Krishnapillai Biography". N. Krishna Pillai Foundation. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  2. "Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal". Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  3. Staff Reporter (27 April 2016). "'N. Krishna Pillai brought theatre closer to society'". The Hindu. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  4. "N. Krishna Pillai - profile". sangeetnatak.gov.in. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  5. Staff Reporter (25 April 2016). "Tributes to 'Kerala Ibsen'". The Hindu. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  6. "List of works". Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  7. K. M. George (1992). Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: Plays and prose. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 374–. ISBN 978-81-7201-783-5.
  8. "Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Drama". Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 14 April 2019. Archived from the original on 16 May 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  9. "Winners of Odakkuzhal Award". www.keralaculture.org. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  10. "Drama, Awards, Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi". www.keralaculture.org. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  11. "Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship". Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 14 April 2019. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  12. "KENDRA SAHITYA ACADEMY AWARDS (MALAYALAM)". 24 May 2007. Archived from the original on 24 May 2007. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  13. "Winners of Vayalar Award". www.keralaculture.org. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  14. "Arts festival in memory of N Krishna Pillai - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  15. "Professor N. Krishna Pillai Memorial Cultural Centre, Thiruvananthapuram". www.keralaculture.org. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  16. "Drama fest to remember N Krishna Pillai". The New Indian Express. 20 September 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2014.

Further reading
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