Montserrat Volcano Observatory

The Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) is a volcano observatory which is located on the Caribbean island of Montserrat, where the Soufrière Hills volcano (SHV) has been actively erupting since 1995.

Montserrat Volcano Observatory
2007 view of the Soufrière Hills volcano
2009 satellite view of the island of Montserrat from the northeast looking southwest, showing an ash and steam plume from the Soufrière Hills volcano

The MVO staff describe their activities as working to reduce the impact of volcanic activity by monitoring, researching, educating, and advising.[1]

The MVO building is situated in the village of Flemmings, in the parish of St. Peter, in the northern part of the island.

History

An operational base was established by the UWI Seismic Research Unit (SRU) immediately following the first phreatic explosions on 18 July 1995.[2] Various scientists and scientific organizations contributed in the following years, organized at various times by the SRU and British Geological Survey (BGS). The Observatory was officially established as an organization by the Montserrat Government in 1999.[2][3] It is currently managed by the Seismic Research Centre, University of West Indies.[4][5]

Reaction to the 1995 outbreaks

The volcanologists monitoring and researching the volcanic activities on Montserrat came under immense political pressure to provide suitable advice after the first outbreak.[6] The eruptions have been deemed a classical example of the black swan problem[7] as a high-profile, hard-to-predict, and rare event which provided major challenges for the prediction of further developments. Until 1995, the volcano had been silent for centuries.

After some difficulties, the involved scientists began to use statistical models to estimate the probabilities of particular events, a rather subjective method, but suitable to build up experience-based expertise (including local knowledge and experience) step by step.[6] A 2012 study about knowledge generation and expert advice on active volcanoes used the Montserrat eruption as a showcase, but included as well interviews with scientists in the United Kingdom, Montserrat, Italy and Iceland during fieldwork seasons.[6] It listed the Montserrat case among other recent and historical eruptions that had an influence on volcanology as a science.[6]

Online sites

Weekly reports of volcanic activity are posted on the official website (http://www.mvo.ms/); MVO also maintains Facebook and Twitter pages. The MVO has another website (http://mvoms.org/) with profiles about MVO's staff and general work, but this website is no longer being updated.[8]

See also

References
  1. "MVO - What we do". web.archive.org. 2012-06-22. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
  2. "History of MVO". 15 June 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  3. "About MVO". Montserrat Volcano Observatory. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  4. "Montserrat Volcano Observatory (About)". Facebook. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  5. "Renewal of MVO Management Contract". 13 September 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2019. The new monitoring contract runs for five years
  6. Amy Donovan, Clive Oppenheimer, Michael Bravo. Social studies of volcanology: knowledge generation and expert advice on active volcanoes. Bulletin of Volcanology, Springer Verlag (Germany), 2012, 74 (3), pp.677-689. doi:10.1007/s00445-011-0547-z insu-00691620
  7. Donovan et al. (2012) cite Taleb NN (2007) The black swan: the impact of the highly improbable. Allen Lane, London
  8. Stewart, Roderick (27 April 2020). "IMPORTANT NOTICE". mvoms.org.

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