Modriča

Modriča (Serbian Cyrillic: Модрича) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the town has a population of 10,137 inhabitants, while the municipality has a population of 25,720 inhabitants.

Modriča

Модрича
Town and municipality
Modriča
Coat of arms
Location of Modriča within Republika Srpska
Coordinates: 44°57′23″N 18°18′04″E
CountryBosnia and Herzegovina
EntityRepublika Srpska
Government
 • MayorMladen Krekić (SNSD)[1]
 • Municipality319.8 km2 (123.5 sq mi)
Population
 (2013 census)
 • Town
10,137
 • Municipality
25,712
 • Municipality density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
74480
Area code(s)+387 53
Websitewww.modrica.ba
Modriča municipality by population proportional to the settlement with the highest and lowest population

History

The first written document about Modriča is 13th century charter of Hungarian King Bela IV in which Modriča is mentioned as spring: "...fons Modricha, ubi cadit in Boznam", but it all indicates that it was minor stream which was flowing into Bosna river. According to traditional stories, Modriča was named after the small river with blue, mountain water. It is assumed that the small river is Dusa. According to other narratives, area bears the name of the old Slavic marks of the blue sky and distances, which are more discerned on the horizon than visible – modrina (the blue)/modriča.

There is archaeological evidence of human presence in the territory of present-day Modrica municipality back in the Paleolithic - Old Stone Age. This is evidenced by traces discovered at the site Gradina in the village of Dugo Polje above the valley of Bosna river. Traces of ancient Neolithic farmers were found in several places, among others at locations Kulište in Kruskovo Polje, at Zdralovo brdo in village Kladari, at location Prljaca, then in villages Vranjak, Kuznjaca, Skugric, Dugo Polje, etc. At Dobor hill is important site with seven archaeological layers of the Iron Age. Traces of old Slavic settlements can be found in several places in Modrica municipality. In the charter of Kotromanic from 1323 mentioned is parish Nenaviste with settlements Modrica and Jakes.

The events were developing around Dobor fortress which presage the end of the Bosnian national independence. Those were conflicts with Hungarians in 1393/94 and 1408th, and the cut of 170 Bosnian boyars on the ramparts of the fort. These areas then became cruel war frontier in a fit of the Turks, and they won Dobor and Modrica in the 1536th. After the defeat of the Turks at Vienna 1683rd, in the next two centuries this was the border area, and that means - the zone of conflicts, rebellions, devastation and economic stagnation. During Austrian-Hungarian rule, in 1897 Modrica has been included in list of such towns that Bosnia and Herzegovina had only 66.

In the second half of the 19th century economic and cultural - educational conditions are slowly improving. Memory was recorded that school existed, maybe even at the end of the 18th century, and in any case from the second half of the 19th century. Modrica was a nursery of schools in the rural area. From 1929 to 1939, Modriča was part of the Vrbas Banovina and from 1939 to 1941 of the Banovina of Croatia within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

The conditions improved in the second half of 20th century. because in 1947 railroad Šamac-Sarajevo passed through city, with a branch line Modrića-Gradačac built in 1951. Then some factories in the city were built: oil refinery, factories of paper and plastic boxes Pamo and Plastmo, flour mill, shoe factory "Vjekoslav Bakulić", clolor dis-solver factory "Hemija" and small wood factory "8th September", together with a required town infrastructure (residential buildings, secondary school, sport hall),. The wheat and cattle  farm "Dr. Mujbegović" (later Petar Mrkonjič) was also expanded. Volleyball team "Modriča" won the national championship of Yugoslavia in 1979.

After the 1992–95 Bosnian War, prewar municipal borders were changed, villages of Jakeš, Pećnik and Modrički Lug were excluded from Modriča and included in new Vukosavlje municipality, and a few villages from the western part of prewar Gradačac municipality were included, thus the size of the municipality changed substantially.

Demographics
Serb families forced from their homes due to border regulations in the Dayton agreement from 1995

Population
Population of settlements – Modriča municipality
Settlement 1948. 1953. 1961. 1971. 1981. 1991. 2013.
Total 19,746 39,156 31,622 34,541 35,413 25,720
1 Botajica 1,019 579
2 Čardak 1,006 353
3 Dobrinja 437 446
4 Donji Skugrić 910
5 Dugo Polje 1,596 994
6 Garevac 2,795 2,993
7 Kladari Donji 1,046 362
8 Kladari Gornji 448 359
9 Koprivna 2,218 1,151
10 Krčevljani 282 253
11 Miloševac 1,735 1,323
12 Modriča 3,072 5,032 7,324 9,630 10,454 10,137
13 Skugrić Gornji 1,453 785
14 Tarevci 2,322 2,719
15 Tolisa 858 358
16 Vranjak 2,370 1,419

Ethnic composition
Ethnic composition – Modriča town
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 10,137 (100,0%) 10,454 (100,0%) 9,630 (100,0%) 7,324 (100,0%)
Serbs 6,952 (73,81%) 2,420 (23,15%) 1,841 (19,12%) 1,428 (19,50%)
Bosniaks 1,836 (19,49%) 5,252 (50,24%) 4,815 (50,00%) 4,910 (67,04%)
Others 284 (3,015%) 301 (2,879%) 138 (1,433%) 49 (0,669%)
Roma 168 (1,784%) 38 (0,395%) 3 (0,041%)
Croats 157 (1,667%) 1 134 (10,85%) 838 (8,702%) 732 (9,995%)
Montenegrins 13 (0,138%) 29 (0,301%) 25 (0,341%)
Slovenes 6 (0,064%) 4 (0,042%) 3 (0,041%)
Macedonians 2 (0,021%) 3 (0,031%) 4 (0,055%)
Albanians 1 (0,011%) 15 (0,156%) 12 (0,164%)
Yugoslavs 1 347 (12,89%) 1 904 (19,77%) 154 (2,103%)
Hungarias 5 (0,052%) 4 (0,055%)


Ethnic composition – Modriča municipality
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 25,720 (100,0%) 35,613 (100,0%) 34,541 (100,0%) 31,622 (100,0%)
Serbs 20,227 (78,64%) 12,534 (35,20%) 13,012 (37,67%) 13,457 (42,56%)
Bosniaks 3,101 (12,06%) 10,375 (29,13%) 8,578 (24,83%) 8,356 (26,42%)
Croats 1,674 (6,509%) 9,805 (27,53%) 9,598 (27,79%) 9,418 (29,78%)
Others 718 (2,792%) 1,048 (2,943%) 476 (1,378%) 138 (0,436%)
Yugoslavs 1,851 (5,198%) 2,755 (7,976%) 180 (0,569%)
Roma 38 (0,110%) 3 (0,009%)
Montenegrins 37 (0,107%) 32 (0,101%)
Albanians 29 (0,084%) 16 (0,051%)
Macedonians 7 (0,020%) 10 (0,032%)
Slovenes 6 (0,017%) 4 (0,013%)
Hungarias 5 (0,014%) 8 (0,025%)

Economy
Velika Rijeka
Modriča oil refinery

The Modriča oil refinery, currently owned by Russian investors, is located in Modriča.

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered employed people per their core activity (as of 2016):[2]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing62
Mining and quarrying9
Manufacturing1,475
Distribution of power, gas, steam and air-conditioning45
Distribution of water and water waste management80
Construction128
Wholesale and retail, repair803
Transportation and storage206
Hotels and restaurants158
Information and communication47
Finance and insurance47
Real estate activities2
Professional, scientific and technical activities90
Administrative and support services28
Public administration and defence270
Education383
Healthcare and social work325
Art, entertainment and recreation17
Other service activities122
Total4,297

Religion
Serbian Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas
Newly built Serbian orthodox church in Višnjik

There are 18 churches and monateries of the Serbian Orthodox church, five mosques and three Catholic churches in the municipality.[3]

Sports
City stadium

Twin towns – sister cities

Modriča is twinned with:

Notable people

See also

References
  1. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2006. Retrieved 21 December 2006.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "Cities and Municipalities of Republika Srpska 2017" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba (in Serbian). December 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
  3. "Religija | www.modrica.ba" (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 January 2021.
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