Matthew 3:17

Matthew 3:17 is the seventeenth (and final) verse of the third chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. Jesus has just been baptized by John the Baptist and in this verse God announces that Jesus is his son.

Matthew 3:17
← 3:16 4:1 →
Francesco Albani's The Baptism of Christ
Book	Gospel of Matthew
Christian Bible part	New Testament

Content

In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:

And lo a voice from heaven,

saying, This is my beloved

Son, in whom I am well pleased.

The World English Bible translates the passage as:

Behold, a voice out of the

heavens said, "This is my beloved

Son, with whom I am well pleased."

For a collection of other versions see BibleHub Matthew 3:17

Analysis

This verse ends the baptism scene. The voice is generally presumed to be that of God the Father. This is one of only two times in the Gospel of Matthew where God intervenes directly, the other being Matthew 17:5. This is in contrast to most of the Old Testament where God's direct actions occur regularly.[1] Hill notes that the word beloved can be interpreted as meaning only.[2] The entire message is often seen as a reference to Psalm 2:7. There is also a possible link to Isaiah 42:1, which also speaks of a beloved of whom God is pleased. Matthew uses this verse at 12:18, and it is translated in the same manner as it is here. There are also possible links to Genesis 22:2 and Exodus 4:22.[3]

Jesus' divine status was earlier implied at Matthew 1:18, but it does not become known to those around him until much later in the narrative. There is thus a debate over whether the voice in this verse was public pronouncement. In Luke the baptism occurs in front of a large crowd, but he and Mark both make the announcement seem private by having the message read "you are my son." Matthew's "this is my son" makes it seem as though all present were addressed. In Matthew no crowds are mentioned, and only Jesus and John are noted as being at the Jordan. The gospel is thus internally consistent, but is somewhat difficult to reconcile with the other two synoptics.

This verse, when combined with the one before it, is seen by many Christians as one of the most trinitarian passages in the entire New Testament but some disagree. Matthew 3:16 already has the Holy Ghost present in the form of a dove. This verse does not clearly distinguish it as a distinct entity, the voice is assumed to be "God, the heavenly father", who makes explicit reference to Jesus as his son.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this verse are:

• Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 405 (~ 200)[4]
• Papyrus 101 (3rd century)[5][6]
• Codex Vaticanus (~325–350)
• Codex Sinaiticus (~330–360)
• Codex Washingtonianus (~400)
• Codex Bezae (~400)
• Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450)

References

1. Keener, Craig S. A commentary on the Gospel of Matthew. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1999. pg. 134
2. Hill, David. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1981
3. Nolland, John. The Gospel of Matthew: a commentary on the Greek text. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2005 pg. 157
4. Egypt Exploration Fund (1903). Grenfell, Bernard P.; Hunt, Arthur S. (eds.). The Oxyrhynchus Papyri. 3. Oxford. p. 10. 405 consists of seven fragments written in a small neat uncial hand, which is not later than the first half of the third century, and might be as old as the later part of the second.
5. Thomas, J. David. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri LXIV (London: 1997), pp. 2–4.
6. "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 27 August 2011.

Bibliography

• Albright, W.F. and C.S. Mann. "Matthew." The Anchor Bible Series. New York: Doubleday & Company, 1971.
• Clarke, Howard W. The Gospel of Matthew and its Readers: A Historical Introduction to the First Gospel. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003.