Lyriocephalus

Lyriocephalus is a genus of lizard within the agamid family, with the sole species Lyriocephalus scutatus. It is the largest agamid endemic to Sri Lanka[2] and lives in dense wet zone forests.[3] It is also called the hump-nosed lizard, hump snout lizard or the lyreshead lizard. In Sinhalese language, it is known as "Kandukara Bodilima – කදුකර බෝදිලිමා."

Lyriocephalus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Iguania
Family: Agamidae
Genus: Lyriocephalus
Merrem, 1820
Species:
L. scutatus
Binomial name
Lyriocephalus scutatus

Habitat and distribution

A large agamid lizard, widespread in the wet lowlands and the midhills of Sri Lanka, from 25m up to elevation of 1650m.

Description

Body is laterally compressed. Pair of small spines present at back of the head. Dorso-nuchal crest developed. Forehead scales keeled. A distinct bony arch or hump appears on the head of adults, giving it its name. Tympanum absent. A V-shaped gular sac present. Large, keeled gular scales can be seen. Tail is short and compressed with a blunt tip. Dorsum is light green, throat yellow. The rest of the venter is cream colored.

The males are bright green with a yellow throat pouch and neck sail. Although the females can also exhibit this colouration, normally they are brown, especially when a male is present. Juveniles are brown.[4]

Ecology and diet

Inhabits forests with high canopy and dense undergrowth, but it occasionally also enters home gardens. Active during the day, when it dwells low on trees as well as on the ground. It goes higher up on trees to sleep at night. The typical threat posture is open-mouth gape, revealing the bright red lining of the oral cavity. This species is also known to feign death when picked up. Its diet comprises essentially of earthworms and also arthropods, including termites, butterflies, and moths. It is also known to feed on young shoots and buds.

Reproduction

About 1–11 eggs with measuring 12–13 * 20–22mm per clutch are produced in the months of January, March, May, June, September, October, and December. Eggs are buried after laid in the soil, sometimes under bushes. Incubation period lasts 35 days.

Pictures

References
  1. Somaweera, R. & de Silva, A. (2009). "Lyriocephalus scutatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2009. Retrieved 9 November 2010.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. Somaweera, R. & de Silva, A. (2009). "Lyriocephalus scutatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2009. Retrieved 9 November 2010.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  3. , The Reptile Database
  4. Reptile Care Database, ″Lyriocephalus scutatus – LINNAEUS, 1758″, accessed 11.18.2019.
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