Luisia

Luisia, commonly known as velvet orchids[3] or 钗子股属 (chai zi gu shu),[4] is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids in family Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus have flattened roots, long leafy stems, narrow, thick, leathery leaves and short-lived flowers that open sporadically. There are about forty species found from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Western Pacific.[2]

Luisia
Illustration of Luisia psyche from Curtis's Botanical Magazine[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Vandeae
Subtribe: Aeridinae
Genus: Luisia
Gaudich.[2]
Type species
Luisia teretifolia
Gaudich.
Synonyms[2]

Description

Orchids in the genus Luisia are epiphytic or lithophytic, monopodial herbs with long, fibrous stems and thick, more or less flattened roots. A large number of cylinder-shaped, narrow leathery leaves are arranged along the stems. Up to ten resupinate, usually small, fleshy flowers are arranged on a short, thickened flowering stem and open sporadically. Each flower has a short, curved stalk and petals that are longer than the sepals. The labellum is large and fleshy with an upper epichile separated by a groove from the lower concave hypochile. The labellum has a rigid connection to the column.[3][4][5][6]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Luisia was first formally described in 1829 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré and the description was published in Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne.[2][7][8] The name Luisia honours Don Luis de Torres who assisted the French expedition at Guam.[8][9]

Distribution

Orchids in the genus Luisia occur in Bhutan, China, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Guinea the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, Micronesia and Melanesia.[2][4]

Species list

The following is a list of species of Luisia accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at December 2018:[2]

  • Luisia abrahami Vatsala in A.Abraham & P.Vatsala, 1981
  • Luisia amesiana Rolfe, 1893
  • Luisia antennifera Blume, 1849
  • Luisia appressifolia Aver., 2000
  • Luisia balakrishnanii S.Misra 2010
  • Luisia brachystachys (Lindl.) Blume, 1849
  • Luisia cantharis Rolfe, 1895
  • Luisia celebica Schltr., 1911
  • Luisia confusa Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, 1863
  • Luisia cordatilabia Ames & Quisumb. (1933, publ. 1934)
  • Luisia curtisii Seidenf., 1997
  • Luisia filiformis Hook.f., 1890
  • Luisia foxworthii Ames, 1908
  • Luisia hancockii Rolfe, 1896
  • Luisia javanica J.J.Sm., 1914
  • Luisia jonesii J.J.Sm., 1914
  • Luisia longispica Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen, 1994
  • Luisia lui T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung 2010
  • Luisia macrantha Blatt. & McCann, 1932
  • Luisia macrotis Rchb.f., 1869
  • Luisia magniflora Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen, 1994
  • Luisia megasepala Hayata, 1914
  • Luisia microptera Rchb.f., 1870
  • Luisia morsei Rolfe, 1903
  • Luisia occidentalis Lindl. 1853
  • Luisia parviflora Aver. 2015
  • Luisia primulina C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f., 1874
  • Luisia psyche Rchb.f., 1863
  • Luisia ramosii Ames, 1911
  • Luisia recurva Seidenf., 1971
  • Luisia secunda Seidenf., 1971
  • Luisia taurina J.J.Sm., 1910
  • Luisia tenuifolia Blume, 1849
  • Luisia teres (Thunb.) Blume, 1849
  • Luisia thailandica Seidenf., 1971
  • Luisia trichorhiza (Hook.) Blume, 1849
  • Luisia tristis (G.Forst.) Hook.f., 1890
  • Luisia unguiculata J.J.Sm., 1926
  • Luisia volucris Lindl., 1853
  • Luisia zeylanica Lindl. 1853
  • Luisia zollingeri Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, 1863

Intergeneric hybrids
  • x Aeridisia (Aerides x Luisia)
  • x Aeridovanisia (Aerides x Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Ascogastisia (Ascocentrum x Gastrochilus x Luisia)
  • x Debruyneara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Dominyara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia x Rhynchostylis )
  • x Gastisia (Gastrochilus x Luisia)
  • x Gastisocalpa (Gastrochilus x Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
  • x Goffara (Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
  • x Luascotia (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia)
  • x Luicentrum (Ascocentrum x Luisia)
  • x Luichilus (Luisia x Sarcochilus)
  • x Luinetia (Luisia x Neofinetia)
  • x Luinopsis (Luisia x Phalaenopsis)
  • x Luisanda (Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Luistylis (Luisia x Rhynchostylis )
  • x Luivanetia (Luisia x Neofinetia x Vanda)
  • x Pageara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
  • x Pomatisia (Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
  • x Scottara (Aerides x Arachnis x Luisia)
  • x Trautara (Doritis x Luisia x Phalaenopsis)

References
  1. Walter Hood Fitch (1817-1892) del. et lith. Description by James Bateman (1811-1897) - "Curtis's Botanical Magazine" vol. 92 (Ser. 3 no. 22) pl. 5558
  2. "Luisia". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 436. ISBN 1877069124.
  4. Chen, Xinqi; Wood, Jeffrey J. "Luisia". Flora of China. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  5. "Luisia". Trin keys. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  6. Pridgeon, Alec M. (ed.); Cribb, Phillip J. (ed.); Chase, Mark W. (ed.); Rasmussen, Finn N. (ed.). Genera Orchidacearum. Oxford University Press. pp. 204–208. ISBN 9780199646517.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  7. "Luisia". APNI. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  8. Guadichaud-Beaupré, Charles (1829). Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne. Botanique. Paris. pp. 426–427. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  9. "Luís de Torres". Guampedia. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
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