London to Brighton Veteran Car Run

The London to Brighton Veteran Car Run is the world's longest-running motoring event, held annually on a course between London and Brighton, England. To qualify, participating automobiles must have been built before 1905. It is also the world's largest gathering of veteran cars.[lower-alpha 1] The first edition, "The Emancipation Run" in 1896, celebrated the recently passed Locomotives on Highways Act 1896, which liberalised motor vehicle laws in the United Kingdom.

The first run, in November 1927, only for vehicles over thirty years old.
Finish line of the London to Brighton Veteran Car Run, 2005

The run has taken place most years since its initial revival in 1927. It currently takes place on the first Sunday in November, starting at sunrise in Hyde Park, London, and mostly following the old A23 road to the finish at Brighton – a distance of 54 miles (87 km). There are two official stops along the way: Crawley (for coffee) and Preston Park (in a suburb of Brighton). Preston Park is the official finishing point; the cars then proceed to Madeira Drive on the seafront, also the venue for Brighton's other big motoring event, the Brighton Speed Trials.

The event is organised on behalf of the Royal Automobile Club, who emphasise that the event is not a race – they do not even publish the order in which cars finish, and participants are not permitted to exceed an average speed of 20 mph (32 km/h). Any that finish (many do not) before 4:30 PM are awarded a medal.

There are a few other events preceding the Veteran Car Run, such as the Motoring Forum, the Veteran Car Run Sale, a motor show, and a participant reception.[3]

History

1896 Emancipation Run

The first run took place on 14 November 1896, a wet Saturday,[4] Organised by Harry J. Lawson,[5] it was named "The Emancipation Run" as a celebration of the recently passed Locomotives on Highways Act 1896, which had replaced the restrictive Locomotive Acts of 1861, 1865 and 1878 and increased the speed limit to 14 mph (23 km/h). Since 1878 the speed limit had been 4 mph (6 km/h) in the country and 2 mph (3 km/h) in the town and an escort had been required to walk 20 yards (18 m) ahead of the vehicle.[6] The run was also the first meet of the Motor Car Club, of which Lawson was President.

The event started with a breakfast at the Charing Cross Hotel, which included the symbolic tearing in two by Lord Winchelsea of a red flag.[4] It is sometimes claimed that the Emancipation Run celebrated the abandoning of the requirement for the escort to carry such a flag. However, the red flag requirement (from the 1865 act) had long since been removed by the 1878 act.[7]

The competitors gathered outside the Metropole Hotel,[8] with the cars accompanied by a "flying escort" – estimated by one witness as "probably 10,000" – of pedal cyclists, recreational cycling having become popular with the English in the final decades of the 19th century.[4] A total of 33 motorists set off from London for the coast and 17 arrived in Brighton.[6] The first of the cars set off from London at 10:30 am and the first arrival in Brighton, by a Duryea Motor Wagon, beating the next closest Brighton arrivals by more than an hour.[4] Two Duryea cars participated in the run, marking the first appearance of American motor vehicles in Europe.[9]

Subsequent runs

During the next few years, Commemoration Run took place between Whitehall Place and Sheen House Club covering the distance of about eight miles.[10] The London to Brighton run was not staged again until 1927. Since then it has run annually, except from the onset of the Second World War up to 1947 owing to petrol rationing. With all this considered, it is the world's longest running motoring event. Since 1930, the event has been controlled by the Royal Automobile Club.

Participants
A veteran car nearing the end of the 2005 run in inclement weather

Many racing drivers and celebrities have taken part in the event, including Richard Shuttleworth (1928–1934; 1936–1938),[11] S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, Sir Malcolm Campbell,[12] Prince Bira,[13] George Eyston, Richard Seaman, Kaye Don,[14] George Formby, Phil Hill,[15] Stirling Moss, Jochen Mass,[16] Nigel Mansell[17] and Damon Hill[18]

The 72nd anniversary run took place in 1968 and was joined by celebrity participants Prince Rainier and Princess Grace of Monaco, in a 1903 De Dion-Bouton.[19] That year Stirling Moss also participated, driving a 1903 four-cylinder Mercedes.[19]

Some participants dress up in a late Victorian or Edwardian style of clothing. In 1971 Queen Elizabeth II was a passenger in a 1900 Daimler.[20] A regular participant is Prince Michael of Kent.

RAC Brighton to London Future Car Challenge

In 2010 the RAC launched the Brighton to London Future Car Challenge, following the same route as the veteran car run, but starting in Brighton and finishing at Regent Street, London – and taking place on the day prior to the veteran run. The event is intended to showcase low energy impact vehicles of various technologies – Electric, Hybrid and Low-Emission ICE (Internal Combustion Engine). Participants compete to minimise energy consumption using "road legal" vehicles in "real world" conditions.

The results of the inaugural 2010 event showed that the electric vehicles used the least energy (0.62 MJ/km on average, or 141 miles per imperial gallon petrol equivalent), compared to the hybrid vehicles (1.14 MJ/km average, 76 mpgimp petrol equivalent) and the largely diesel powered internal combustion engine vehicles (1.68 MJ/km average, 52 mpgimp petrol equivalent).[21]

1896 results

The event was not organised as a race, but the general classification of the fastest finishers was:[22]

RankDriverCarTypeTime
hours:m:s		SpeedNote
1Léon BolléeLéon Bollée Automobiles3 hp tricycle, tandem 2-seater, petrol3:44:3513.91 mph
2Camille BolléeLéon Bollée Automobiles3 hp tricycle, tandem 2-seater, petrol4:00:20
3Charles DuryeaDuryea2 seater, petrol
4Henry Finch-HattonPanhard & Levassor4 hp, 1896, 4 seat, oil5:01:10
5Otto MayerPanhard & Levassor4 hp, 1895, 2 seat, petrol6:07:30
6Émile MayadePanhard & Levassor8 hp, 1896, phaeton 4 seater, petrol6:08:15

The 1953 comedy movie Genevieve is set during one of these runs.

See also

Notes
  1. 443 cars started the event in 2005, and 484 in 2009,[1] compared to 37 starters in 1927, 51 starters in 1930, and 131 in 1938.[2]

References
  1. Motor Sport, January 2010, Page 113.
  2. The Manchester Guardian, 24 November 1930, Page 9; The Scotsman, 15 November 1938, Page 14.
  3. "London to Brighton Veteran Car Run". rove.me.
  4. "Personal Memories of the First Brighton Run". Autocar. Vol. 125 (nbr 3690). 4 November 1966. p. 978.
  5. Setright, L. J. K. (2004). Drive On!: A Social History of the Motor Car. Granta Books. ISBN 1-86207-698-7.
  6. "The long road south". The Motor. 5 November 1966. pp. 38–39.
  7. https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/motors/a-red-flag-for-one-of-motoring-s-most-persistent-myths-1.709361
  8. "Just the weather for a seaside trip". The Times/Beaulieu. 2 November 1996. Archived from the original on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  9. Automobile Manufacturers Association Inc., Automobiles of America, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1968, Page 18.
  10. "Event Info". The Royal Automobile Club.
  11. Kevin Desmond, Richard Shuttleworth: An Illustrated Biography, Jane’s Publishing Co Ltd., 1982, Pages 187–189.
  12. The Manchester Guardian, 16 November 1931, Page 5.
  13. The Manchester Guardian, 16 November 1936, Page 13.
  14. The Observer, 20 November 1938, Page 23.
  15. "Wide World of Sports: Part 3". Cheap Seats. Season 1. Episode 15. 4 August 2004. ESPN Classic.
  16. The Manchester Guardian, 2 November 1953, Page 2.
  17. "Veteran cars take part in London to Brighton rally". BBC. 6 November 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  18. Adams, Rob (15 November 2017). "In pictures: Driving from London to Brighton in a Victorian car". inews.co.uk. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
  19. "Fun in the Sun". The Motor. Vol. 3464. 9 November 1968. p. 31.
  20. The Guardian, 25 August 1971, Page 5.
  21. D.A. Howey; R.F. Martinez-Botas; L. Lytton; B. Cussons (2011). "Comparative measurements of the energy consumption of 51 electric, hybrid and internal combustion engine vehicles" (PDF). Transportation Research D. 16 (6): 459–464. doi:10.1016/j.trd.2011.04.001. hdl:10044/1/6839.
  22. "TeamDan Early results database – 1896". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2013.

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