List of sultans of the Maldives

Monarchy of the Maldives
	Royal Standard; (1965–1968)
Details
Style	Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives; His Highness; His Majesty (after 1965);
First monarch	Soorudasaruna-Adeettiya
Last monarch	Sir Muhammad Fareed Didi
Formation	Unknown
Abolition	1968
Appointer	Hereditary
Pretender(s)	Ibrahim Fareed Didi

This article lists the monarchs of the Maldives. All the rulers before King Koimala only ruled over parts of the Maldives or Deeva Maari (and Dheeva Mahal) as it was known then. Koimala was the first king to rule over all the islands of the Maldives as we know today and the island of Maliku.

The Maldives was turned into a Sultanate in 1153 when the Buddhist King Dhovemi converted to Islam. Prior to that the Maldives was a Buddhist Kingdom, a Hindu Kingdom and before that a matriarchal society with each atoll ruled by a chief queen according to some accounts or by others, several theocratic societies ruled by priests known as Sawamias of heliolatric, selenolatric and astrolatric religions.

The formal title of the Sultan up to 1965 was, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives which came with the style Highness. After independence in 1965 the Sultan assumed the title King with the style Majesty. The main official Royal residence of the Sultan was the Etherekoilu, a palace in Malé.

The reigns of Sultans are from three sources. Taarikh by Maldivian chronicler Hasan Taj Al-Din's written in arabic which covers 670 years of Maldives history, the loamaafaanu copper plates and the third source called Raadhavalhi which was written in 1757 using both Dhives (old script) and Thaana (new script) Maldivian languages.

Kingdom of Dheeva Maari, Solar dynasty (Adeetta Vansa)

The founding of Kingdom of Dheeva Maari. King Soorudasaruna Adeetta established the Adeetta Dynasty. These were Kings of the Solar dynasty.[1]

The first Kingdom established was known as Dheeva Maari. Later in the 3rd century BC during the visit of emissaries sent by Emperor Asoka, Maldives was known as Dheeva Mahal.[1]

Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
King Soorudasaruna-Adeettiya	before 269 BC[1]	unknown	Exiled prince and son of King Sri Brahama Adittiya of the Kalinga Kingdom of India.[1]
Unknown number of rulers.			The Maapanansa[1], the copper plates on which the history of the Kings of Solar Dynasty was written were lost quite early on. A 4th century notice written by Ammianus Marcellinus ( 362 AD ) speaks of gifts sent to the Roman emperor Julian by a deputation from the nation of Divi. The name Divi is very similar to Dheyvi who were the first settlers of Maldives.[1]
Queen Damahaar	unknown	unknown	Last ruler of the Solar Dynasty. It is unclear from the records how many other rulers ruled between the reigns of King Adeettiya and Queen Damahaar. Married Prince Sri Balaadeettiya from the Kalinga Kingdom who later became the first king of the Lunar Dynasty.

Lunar dynasty (Soma Vansa)

Although the first kings of Maldives were of Solar dynasty, the last queen of the solar dynasty, Queen Damahaar married a prince from Lunar dynasty ( Soma Vansa ) who came from Kalinga thus establishing the line of Soma Vansa.[1]

Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
King Balaadeettiya	around 990	unknown	Prince from Kalinga Kingdom of India. Married Queen Damahaar of the Solar dynasty to become the ruler of Deeva Mahal. Early during his reign King Raja Dada invaded the northern atolls of the Maldives. Although some sources indicate the start of the reign as 900 AD, a Chinese document from the Tang dynasty, records the visit of Maldivians to China bringing with them gifts from their king, Balaadeettiya in 658 AD and also in 662 AD.
King Loakaabarana	unknown	unknown	King of the Lunar dynasty. He is son or grandson of Svasti Sri Damaha'ara Maha Rehendi
King Maha Sandura	unknown	unknown	Son of King Loakaabarana. He had a daughter Princess Kamanhaar (also known as Kamanaar or Rehendihaar) who was banished to the island then called Is-Midu (Addu Meedhoo today). With her she took the Maapanansa, the copper plates in which the history of the Kings of Solar dynasty was written. The Maapanasa were later buried by Al-Muhaddith Hasan and this is why such little information survived about the Solar dynasty.
King Bovana Aananda	unknown	unknown	Son of King Loakaabarana and brother of King Maha Sandura. He is the father of King Koimala.

Theemuge dynasty

View Family Tree of Queen Damahaar Maha Rehendi

Queen Damahaar Maha Rehendi ( Last Queen of Solar dynasty )
- Svasti Sri Loka Abaruna, King Loka Abaruna
  - King Maha Sandura
    - Princess Kamanhaar
  - Svasti Sri Buwana Ananda, King Buwana ananda
    - Svasti Sri Somavamsa Adipati Sri Theemuge Sri Maha Parama Aditya, King Koimala.
    - Princess Henevi Ma'ava'a Kilage.
      - Prince Dhovemi Kalaminja, Sultan Dhovemi, Dharumavantha Rasgefaanu
      - Prince Sri Kalo
      - Princess Mulee Mava'a Kilege
        Prince Muthey Kalaminja, Sultan Muthey
        
        Princess Reki Hiriya Mava'a Kilage
        Prince Ali Kalaminja, Sultan Ali I
        
        Princess Fahi Hiriya Mava'a Kilage
        Prince Dinei Kalaminja, Sultan Dhinei
        
        Prince Dihai Kalaminja, Sultan Dhihei
        
        Prince Valla Dio Kalaminja, Sultan Valla Dio
        
        Princess Aidigu Mava'a Kilage
        
        Prince Wadi Kalaminja, Sultan Wadi
        Prince Hali Kalaminja, Sultan Hali I
        
        Prince Keimi Kalaminja, Sultan Keimi
        
        Prince Audha, Sultan Audha
        Prince Hali, Sultan Hali II
        
        Prince Yoosuf, Sultan Yoosuf I
        Prince Davud, Sultan Davud
        
        Prince Salis, Sultan Salis
        Prince Omar, Sultan Omar I
        Prince Ahmed Shihabuddine, Sultan Ahmed Shihabuddine
        
        Princess Khadijah, Sultana Rehendi Khadijah
        
        Princess Raadhafathi, Sultana Raadhafathi
        Princess Dhaain, Sultana Dhaain

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
King Mahaabarana Adeettiya (Koimala)	Maanaabarana	1117	1141	Svasti Sri Somavamsa Adipati Sri Theemuge Sri Maha Parama Aditya Maha Radun became the first king to rule over the whole of Maldives after reclaiming the northern atolls from the Indian invaders.
King Dhovemi Later Sultan Muhammad al-Adil [2]	Siri Bavanditta Maha Radun	1141	1165	Reigned as a Buddhist until 1153. Son of Henevi Maava Kilege, sister of Koimala. A member of the Soma or Homa (Lunar) dynasty. Converted to Islam in 1153, assumed the title Sultan and founded the Theemuge dynasty. He was the famous Dharumavantha Radun[1] or the Benevolent King.
Sultan Mute Kalaminja [2]	Bavana Abaruna Maha Radun	1165	1184	Mother's sister's son of Dhovemi
Sultan Ali b. Reke Hiriya [2]	Dammara-nanda Maha Radun	1184	1192
Sultan Dinei Kalaminja [2]	Fanaditta Maha Radun	1192	1198	The Lōmāfānu was written during Sultan Dhinei's reign
Sultan Dihei Kalaminja [2]	Dagata Abaruna Maha Radun	1198	1213	Brother of Sultan Dhinei I.
Sultan Wati Kalaminha [2]	Dagata Suvara Maha Radun	1213	1232	Brother of Sultans Dhinei I and Dhinei II.
Sultan (Un-named) Kalaminja [2]	Rada-rada Suvara Maha Radun	1232	1257	Brother of Sultans Dhinei I, Dhinei II and Wadi.
Sultan Hudei Kalaminja [2]	Vira Abaruna Maha Radun	1257	1263
Sultan Aima Kalaminja [2]	Loka Suvara Maha Radun	1263	1265
Sultan Hiley ( Ali ) Kalaminja [2]	Sinja Abaruna Maha Radun	1265	1267
Sultan Kalaminja b. Aydage [2]	Madini Survara Maha Radun	1267	1268
Sultan Uda ( Auda ) Kalaminja [2]	Arida Suvara Maha Radun	1268	1277	Son of Sultan Wadi
Sultan Ali Kalamnija [2]	Arida Suvara Maha Radun	1277	1287	Son of Sultan Audha
Sultan Yoosuf Kalamnija [2]	Bavana Aditta Maha Radun	1287	1293	Brother of Sultan Hali II
Sultan Salah al-Din b. Yusuf [2]	Some Sivara Maha Radun	1293	1301	Son of Sultan Yoosuf I
Sultan Da'ud b. Yusuf [2]	Sundura Bavana Maha Radun	1301	1306	Son of Sultan Yoosuf I
Sultan Umar Vira ( Abu Fath Jalal al-Din ) [2]	Loka Abaruna Maha Radun	1306	1340	Son of Sultan Salis
Sultan Shihab al-Din Ahmad [2]	Loka Aditta Maha Radun	1340	1347	Son of Sultan Omar I, deposed, banished and assassinated by sister Khadijah[3]
Sultana Rehindi Kabadi Kilege ( Khadija ) [2]	Rada Abaruna Maha Radun	1347	1362	Deposed by her first husband Mohamed el-Jameel
Sultan Mohamed el-Jamil [2]	Bavana Suja Maha Radun	1362	1363	First Husband of Sultana Khadijah. Assassinated by estranged wife Khadijah. He was nicknamed Handsome Mohamed.
Sultana Rehendi ( Khadijah ) [2]	Rada Abaruna Maha Radun	1363	1373	Second reign on assassination of first husband Sultan Mohamed el-Jameel. Deposed for a second time by her second husband Abdullah.
Sultan Abdullah Kilege [2]	Dammaru Aaditta Maha Radun	1373	1376	Second husband of Sultana Khadijah. Assassinated by wife Khadijah
Sultana Rehendi ( Khadijah ) [2]	Rada Abaruna Maha Radun	1376	1379	Third reign
Sultana Radafati ( Adafate ) Kabadi Kilege [2]	Soma Aburana Maha Radun	1379	1380	Daughter of Sultan Omar I, half sister of Sultana Khadijah. Deposed by husband Mohamed.
Sultan Mohamed b. Kai [2]	Sundura Abaruna Maha Radun	1380	1384	Husband of Sultana Raadhafathi.
Sultana Da'inu Kabadi Kilege [2]	Natta Abaruna Maha Radun	1385	1388	Daughter of Sultan Mohamed I. Deposed by husband Abdullah.
Sultan Abdullah [2]	Soma Abaruna Maha Radun	1388	1388	Husband of Sultana Dhaain. Some records call him a Regent (Henevi-rasge).
Sultan Uthman al-Fahandavi [2]	Sundura Aditta Maha Radun	1388	1388	Former Imam to Raadhafathi and Dhaain. Last of the Lunar dynasty.

Hilaalee dynasty

View Family Tree of Abbas al-Hilal

Abbas al-Hilal
- Hassan Kuja Malim Kologe
  - Yusuf Handegiri Khadim Ma'abanderi
    - Sultan Danna Muhammadh
      - Princess Tukkabafaanu
- Kulhiveru Hilalu Kaivulanna Kaloge + Golavehi Kabulo
  - Hassan I, Sultan Hassan al-Hilali Sri Dhiru Buwana Maha Radhun
    - Prince Ibrahim al-Hilali Kalaminja, Sultan Ibrahim I al-Hilali
    - Prince Usman Ras Kilege, Sultan Usman II ibnu
    - Prince Abu Bakar Kalaminja, Sultan Abu Bakar I
      - Princess Rekka
        Dorimena Kilegefaanu
        
        Al-Amir Dombula Ali Farina Kilege, Sultan Ali V
        
        Buraki Rani ( Queen regent or Rani ruled with Sultan Kalu Muhammedh )
        
        Reki
      - Princess Kaba Dio
        Shaikh Hassan, Sultan Hassan VI
  - Hussain I, Sultan Husain al-Hilali, Sultan of the Maldives ( Twins with brother Hassan )
    - Ma'afai Kalo Kilege
    - Kaulanna'a Kalo Kilege
    - Ali Heneve Ras Kilege, Sultan Ali IV
    - Prince Yusuf Kalaminja, Sultan Yusuf II
      - Sultan Haji Nasir ul-Mukhatib Hassan III
      - Prince Umaru Kalaminja, Sultan Umar II
        Sultan Yusuf III
        Sultan Hassan VII
        
        Prince Hassan Kalaminnja, Sultan Hassan V
        Prince Ibrahim Kalaminja Ras Kilege, Sultan Ibrahim II
        
        Prince Yusufu Kalaminja Ras Kilege, Sultan Yusuf III
        Sultan Hassan VII
        
        Prince Kalu Muhammad Kalaminja, Sultan Kalu Muhammad
        Prince Hassan Dobula Fa'aruna'a, Sultan Hassan VIII
        
        Prince Umar Ma'afai Kilege, Sultan Hilali Muhammad
        Sultan Muhammad
        
        Prince Hemanin Kalaminja
        
        Prince Ahmad Manikufa'anu Kalaminja
        Sultan Hilali Hassan IX ( Later Dom Manoel )
        Dom Francisco de Malvidas
        
        Dom João de Malvidas, King H.H. Dom Felipe
        Dom Felipe de Malvidas, King H.H. Dom Felipe
        
        Infanta Dona Inez de Malvidas
        Dom Luís de Souza, King H.H. Dom Luís
        Manuel de Sousa da Silva
        
        Dom Manoel Malavis
        
        Dom Pedro de Malvidas
        
        Dona Leonor de Malvidas
        
        Dona Catarina de Malvidas
        
        Princess Aisha Kabafaanu Rani Kilege + Sultan Ali IV
        Kuda Kalafaanu
        
        H.H. Sitti Maryam Ma'ava'a Kuda Kamanafa'anu Rani Kilege (d/o Aisha Kabafa'anu). m. at Malé, 1573, Al-Amir Hassan Rannabanderi Kilegefa'anu, younger son of Kalege Husain Thakuru'fa'anu, Khatib of Uthimu Island, Tiladummati Atoll
        Kalege Kalu Hassan, of Bararu, Tiladummati Atoll ( Start of The Uthimu Dynasty )
        Kalege Kalu 'Ali Thakurufa'anu, Khatib of Uthimu Island, Tiladummati Atoll
        Kalege Husain Thakuru'fa'anu, Khatib of Uthimu + Amina Dio
        Kalege 'Ali Thakurufa'anu
        Amira Maryam Kamba'adi Kilege
        Amira Amina Ma'ava Kilege + Al-Amir 'Umar Ma'afai Kilege
        Kalu Thukkala, H.H. Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad Imad ud-din I, Bodu Rasgefaanu
        H.H. Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar I
        Prince Kuda Muhammad, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Muhammad I
        
        Maryam + the son of Thakandhu 'Ali Bandeyri Thakurufa'anu.
        
        Princess Rendi Kaba'afa'anu
        
        A son, unknown name
        Amira Amina Kamba'adi Kilege + Al-Amir Mahmud Fandiyaru Kilegefa'anu (d. 8 March 1678), Chief Judge 1663-1678, son of Don Boi Naib Thakurufa'anu, the step-son of Addu Bodu Fandiyaru Thakurufa'anu.
        Funadhu Muhammad Siraj ud-din Thakurufa'anu, Khatib.
        
        Princess "Fulana" + Al-Amir Hassan Farina Kilege Dorimena, younger son of H.H. Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu
        
        Princess Mariyam Kaba'adi Kilege
        
        Kalege Muhammed Bodu Thakurufa'anu Khatib, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Ghazi Muhammed Thakurufa'anu al-'Azam
        
        Al-Amir Hassan Thakurufa'anu Khatib + Princess Aisha Kabafa'anu, daughter of Sultan Kalu Muhammad
        Kuda Kalafa'anu
        
        H.H. Al-Amira Kuda Kalu Kamanafa'anu
        
        Eduru Thakurufa'anu, Khatib of Bararu, Tiladummati Atoll
        Al-Amir 'Umar Oligina Kilege, of Maduvari Island
        H.H. Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu
        Al-Amir Muhammd Dorimena Kilegefa'anu
        
        Al-Amir Hassan Farina Kilege Dorimena
        Muhammad Manikufa'anu, Sultan Muhammad Muhi ud-din

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Hassan I	Bavana	1388	1398	First of the Hilaaly dynasty. Son of Golhaavahi Kambulo ( Kalavahi Kabulo ) and Kulhiveri Hilaalu Kaeulhanna Kaloge son of Muslim Abbas of Hulhule.
Sultan Ibrahim I	Dhammaru Veeru	1398	1398	Son of Sultan Hassan I. Deposed by his uncle Hussain.
Sultan Hussain I	Loka Veeru	1398	1409	Brother of Sultan Hassan I. Assumed the throne after deposing his nephew Sultan Ibrahim I.
Sultan Nasiruddine	Veeru Abaarana	1409	1411	Introduced the Islamic penal code. Possibly a member of the Lunar dynasty
Sultan Hassan II	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1411	1411	Drowned in a tank.
Sultan Isa	Bavana Sundhura	1411	1411	Brother of Sultan Hassan II.
Sultan Ibrahim I	Dhammaru Veeru	1411	1421	Second reign, first reigned in 1398.
Sultan Osman II	Dhammaru Loaka	1421	1421	Son of Sultan Osman I.
Sultan Danna Mohamed	Raadha Bavana	1421	1421	Uncle of Sultan's Hassan I and Hussain I. Prime Minister to Osman I
Sultan Yoosuf II	Loka Aananadha	1421	1443	Son of Sultan Hassan I
Sultan Aboobakuru I	Bavana Sooja	1443	1443	Son of Sultan Hassan I half brother of Sultan Yoosuf II. Killed in battle with the Portuguese who came to summon the Council of Ministers of the Maldives to Cochin.
Sultan Hasan III	Raadha Veeru	1443	1467	Son of Sultan Aboobakuru I. Deposed by Sayyid Mohamed while abroad.
Sultan Sayyid Mohamed	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1467	1467	Possible descendant of the Prophet Muhammad. Deposed by Sultan Hassan III upon returning to Maldives.
Sultan Hasan III	Raadha Veeru	1467	1468	Second reign.
Sultan Mohamed II	Bavana Abaarana	1468	1480	Son of Sultan Hasan III.
Sultan Hassan IV	Raadha Loka	1480	1480	Son of Sultan Mohamed II. Deposed by Omar II.
Sultan Omar II	Loka Sundhura	1480	1484	Son of Sultan Yoosuf II.
Sultan Hassan V	Raadha Aanandha	1484	1485	Son of Sultan Omar II.
Sultan Hassan IV	Raadha Loka	1485	1491	Second reign.
Sultan Hassan VI	Raadha Fanaveeru	1491	1492	Grandson of Sultan Aboobakuru I.
Sultan Ibrahim II	Bavana Furasuddha	1492	1492	Son of Omar II.
Sultan Kalu Mohamed[4]	Dhammaru Bavana	1492	1492	Son of Sultan Omar II. Deposed by his brother Yoosuf.
Sultan Yoosuf III	Veeru Aanandha	1492	1493	Son of Sultan Omar II.
Sultan Ali II	Audha Veeru	1493	1495	Grandson of Sultan Hassan I.
Sultan Kalu Mohamed[4]	Dhammaru Bavana	1495	1510	Second reign. Son of Sultan Omar II Deposed for a second time, this time by his nephew Hassan.
Sultan Hassan VII	Singa Veeeru	1510	1511	Son of Sultan Yoosuf III.
Sultan Sharif Ahmed	Suddha Bavana	1511	1513	An Arab from Mecca. Possible descendant of Muhammad.
Sultan Ali III	Aanandha	1513	1513	Killed in a duel with his sister Burecca (Buraki Raani). Grandson of Sultan Aboobakuru I. Son of Mohamed Farhana Kalo and Recca daughter of Aboobakuru I
Sultan Kalu Mohamed[4]	Dhammaru Bavana	1513	1529	Third accession assisted by his wife Queen Burecca who killed her brother Ali III
Sultan Hassan VIII	Ran Mani Loka	1529	1549	Son of Sultan Kalu Mohamed and Fatuma Dio, a concubine from Shiraz in Persia.
Sultan Mohamed III	Singa Bavana	1549	1551	Assassinated by his brother Hassan succeeded him. Son of Golhavahi Aysha Rani Kilege and Omar Maafaiy Kilege son of Kalu Mohamed and Aysha Rani Kilege daughter of Korari Kilege. Therefore, Grandson of Sultan Kalu Mohamed.
Sultan Hassan IX	Dhirukusa Loka	1551	1552	Brother of Mohamed III. He was the first Maldivian and only member of its royalty to renounce Islam and convert to Christianity. He was deposed upon conversion, and known subsequently by the Lusitanian name of Dom Manoel.
Interregnum		1552	1554	Maldives ruled by a Council of Ministers.
Sultan Aboobakuru II	Asaalees Loka	1554	1557	Son of Ibrahim Faarhana Kilege and Sanfa Dio. Former Prime Minister to Dom Manoel.
Sultan Ali IV	Audha Siyaaka Katthiri	1557	1558	Killed in battle. Son of Prime Minister Abdur Rahman Dorhimeyna Kaloge and Sitti Rani Kilege. He was married to Princess Aysha Rani Kilege, aunt of Dom Manoel and daughter of Kalu Mohamed.
King Dom Manoel	Dhirikusa Loka (in absentia)	1558	1573	Restored as the king. Formerly known as Sultan Hassan IX. A Maldivian Catholic named Andiri Andirin acted as his regent, while Manoel lived in Goa.
Interregnum		1573	1573	Maldives ruled by Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan of Utheemu after he assassinated Andiri Andirin, the regent of King Dom Manoel. As per a treaty he got refuge from Ali Raja of Cannanore, Mohamed Thakurufan's base of operation was Minicoy under the sovereignty of Cannanore. Keteeb Mohamed Thakurufan did not honour this promise. The Ali Raja demanded dominion over the Maldives, as promised to him by the Kateeb of Uteem. The nature of the relationship between Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan and the Ali Raja of Cannanore was outlined in a letter sent by a later Ali Raja, Mariambe Ali-Adi Raja Bibi, to the Sultan Mohamed Mueenuddine I of the Maldives. The letter was dated Friday 17 Jamada-el-oula Anno Hegirae 1243 (7 December AD 1827). According to the letter Mohamed Thakurufan had entered into a treaty ceding sovereignty of the Maldives to the Ali Raja of Cannanore in the event Thakurufan was established in power in Male. (refer page 294 of Divehi Tarikh).
King Dom Manoel	Dhirikusa Loka	1573	1583	Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan concluded a Treaty with King Dom Manoel in order to ward off the Ali Raja of Cannanore with whose help the Kateeb seized power in Male. Under the treaty, Dom Manoel was restored but remained in Goa. The co-regents were Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan of Utheem and his brother Hassan Thakurufan. The kateeb conferred on himself the title of sultan in 1583 upon Dom Manoel's death. This was in breach of the Treaty and was not legally binding.
King Dom João	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1583	1603	Son of King Manoel, who remained in Goa. He had two brothers, Dom Francisco and Dom Pedro. Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan and his brother Hassan Thakurufan ruled for King Dom João as co-regents. Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan assumed the title of Sultan following the death of King Dom Manoel. He married a Portuguese Christian noblewoman, Donna Francisca Vasconelles and had two children, Dom Philippe and Dona Inez. Ibrahim, also known as Kalaafaan[5] (literally "Lord") was the de facto sultan, but legally the regent of Kings Dom João and Dom Philippe who resided in Goa. He reigned from 1585 to 1609. Son of Mohamed Thakurufan, kateeb of Utheemu and Rehendiye Goyye daughter of Cat Fatima of Boarhi Woods in Baarah. Ibrahim Kalaafaan was the regent at the time of François Pyrard de Laval's[5] detainment in the Maldives after the shipwreck.
King Dom Philippe	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1603	1632	Son of King Dom João and Donna Francisca Vasconelles. Al-Amira Kuda Kalu Kamanafaanu acted as regent from 1607 until 1609. She was the daughter of Hassan Thakurufaan and Sitti Maryam Maavaa Kuda Kamanafaanu Rani Kilege, daughter of Sultan Ali VI, Sultan of the Maldives, by his wife, Princess Aisha Kabafa'anu, daughter of Sultan Kalu Mohamed[4] Hussain Faamuladeyri Kilege acted as regent from 1609 to 1620. Muhammad Imaduddin I acted as regent from 1620 to 1632. De-recognised in the Maldives after an abortive expedition with Portuguese assistance in order to abolish regency and assume power.

Utheemu dynasty

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin I	Kula Sundhura Katthiri Bavana	1632	1648	Legally proclaimed sultan in 1632 former regent for King Dom Philippe.
Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar I	Kula Ran Meeba Katthiri Bavana	1648	1687	Son of Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin I.
Sultan Kuda Muhammad	Maniranna Loka	1687	1691	Son of Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar I. His mother Princess Maryam acted as regent due to his age. Killed with his mother while at sea in an explosion.
Sultan Muhammad Mohyeddine	Naakiree Sundhura	1691	1692	Re-established the Islamic penal code. Son of Dharanboodhoo Kadida Dio and Abu Naibu Hassan Dorhimeyna Kilege son of the Regent Hussain Famuladeyri Kilege.

Hamawi dynasty

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Muhammad Shamsuddeen I	Mikaalha Madhaadheettha	1692	1692	Arab mentor of Sultan Muhammad Mohyeddine. He first visited Male during the reign of Ibrahim Iskandar I. He was Probably poisoned to death. He coutured the re-establishment of the Islamic Penal code held by the previous Sultan Muhammad Mohyeddine and assigned Scholars to teach in Mosques. In his Sultanate Maldives was very peaceful and citizens became educated and religious. (refer page 67 to 69 of Divehi Tarikh)

Dhevvadhoo dynasty

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Mohamed IV	Kula Ran Mani	1692	1701	First Sultan of the Dhevvadhoo dynasty.[6] Popularly known as Dhevvadhoo Rasgefaanu,[7] son of Ali Mafahaiy Kilege of Dhevvadhoo and Kakuni Dio. Sultan Mohamed IV was married to Khadheeja Kanba, daughter of Ibrahim Shah Bandar of Isdhoo ( Isdhoo Bodu Velaanaa Thakurufaan )

Isdhoo dynasty

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Ali V	Kula Ran Muiy	1701	1701	First Sultan of the Isdhoo dynasty. Son of Ibrahim Shah Bandar Kilege of Isdhoo and Aysha Dio.
Sultan Hasan X	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1701	1701	Son of Sultan Ali V. Deposed by his cousin Ibrahim Mudzhiruddine. He is not listed in Radhavalhi, the official chronicle.
Sultan Ibrahim Mudzhiruddine	Muthey Ran Mani Loka	1701	1704	Cousin of Sultan Hasan X. Deposed by his Prime Minister Muhammad Imaduddin during the regency of his spouse, Fatima Kabafa'anu, while on the Hajj pilgrimage.

Dhiyamigili dynasty

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin II	Kula Sundhura Siyaaka Saasthura	1704	1720	Prime Minister to Sultan Ibrahim Mudzhiruddine. First of the Dhiyamigili dynasty. Son of Ibrahim Dorhimeyna Kaloge and Amina Dio.
Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar II	Rannava Loka	1720	1750	Son of Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin II and Amina Dio of Fenfushi.
Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin III	Navaranna Keerithi	1750	1757	Son of Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin II and Amina Dio of Fenfushi. Held captive on Kavaratti island from 1752 until his death in 1757. In 1752 he was seized by the Ali Raja of Cannanore and transported to Kavaratti island in the Laccadives. Male was occupied. The occupation was ended by Muleegey Dom Hassan Maniku, a direct descendant of the penultimate Christian King Joao. The sultan died in captivity. During this time Maldives was ruled by the captive sultan's niece Amina I of Maldives and his daughter, Amina II. The de facto regent was Muleegey Dom Hassan Maniku.
Interregnum		1757	1759	Regency continued in expectation of the return of the deceased sultan's heir from captivity.
Sultana Amina I		1753	1754	Daughter of Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar II. Amina assumed the role of the ruler (regent) of Maldives in 1753 after Male was recaptured from the Malabars after 17 weeks of occupation. She was the daughter of Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar II and Aisha Manikfan. She abdicated the throne and moved to Addu Atoll in the south. She was later banished to various islands and eventually became the Ruler of Maldives for the second time as the regent during the reign of her younger brother Sultan Mohamed Ghiyasuddin in 1773.
Sultana Amina II		1757	1759	Daughter of Sultan Muhammad Imaduddin III. Amina succeeded her cousin in 1754 as nominal regent for her absent father the age of nine, while Muleegey Hassan Manikfaan managed the political affairs as de facto regent. Her father died in 1757 in Minicoy, after which she formally became monarch and queen regnant. In 1759 Sultan Hassan Izzuddin became monarch because the citizens did not approve of a young female as their head.

Huraa dynasty

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Hasan 'Izz ud-din	Kula Ran Meeba Audha Keerithi Katthiri Bavana	1759	1766	Muleegey Dom Hassan Maniku or Don Bandaara was the first Sultan of the Huraa Dynasty. Son of Amina Dio daughter of Mohamed Kateeb of Muli and Huraa Mohamed Faamuladeyri Thakurufan.

Dhiyamigili dynasty (restored)

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Muhammed Ghiya'as ud-din	Kula Ranmani Keerithi	1766	1774	Son of Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar II. Deposed while on the Hajj pilgrimage
Interregnum		1773	1773	Regency by Sultans elder sister Amina I. Her husband Ali Shahbandar took power during the regency, and Dhiyamigili dynasty lost the throne in the cascade of events that followed. Mohamed Manikfaan of Huraa usurped the throne and later abdicated in favour of his nephew who became Sultan Muizzuddin. Amina and her husband were banished to a remote island in Laamu Atoll.

Huraa dynasty (first restoration)

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Muhammad Shamsuddeen II	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1774	1774	Uncle of Sultan Hasan 'Izz ud-din.
Sultan Muhammad Mu'iz ud-din	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1774	1779	Son of Sultan Hasan 'Izz ud-din. Popularly known as Kalhu Bandaarain
Sultan Hassan Nooraddeen I	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1779	1799	Brother of Sultan Muhammad Mu'iz ud-din.
Sultan Muhammad Mueenuddeen I	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1799	1835	Son of Sultan Hassan Nooraddeen I.
Sultan Muhammad Imaaduddeen IV	Kula Sudha Ira Siyaaka Saasthura Audha Keerithi Katthiri Bovana	1835	1882	Son of Sultan Muhammad Mueenuddeen I.
Sultan Ibrahim Nooraddeen	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1882	1886	Abdicated in favor of his nephew Muhammad Mueenuddeen.
Sultan Muhammad Mueenuddeen II	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1886	1888	Abdicated in favour of his uncle the former Sultan Ibrahim Nooraddeen.
Sultan Ibrahim Nooraddeen	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1888	1892	Second reign.
Sultan Muhammad Imaaduddeen V	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1892	1893	His cousin Hassan Nooreddine Maandhoogey Manippulu acted as his regent due to his age. The regent abdicated in his name in favour of his older half brother.
Sultan Muhammad Shamsuddeen III	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1893	1893	Brother of Sultan Muhammad Imaaduddeen V. His cousin Hassan Nooreddine Maandhoogey Manippulu acted as his regent due to his age. His cousin abdicated in his name and assumed the throne himself.
Sultan Muhammad Imaaduddeen VI	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1893	1902	Former regent for Sultans Muhammad Imaaduddeen V and Muhammad Shamsuddeen III. Deposed while in the Ottoman Empire.
Sultan Muhammad Shamsuddeen III	Kula Sundhura Katthiri Bavana	1902	1934	Second reign which ended when he was deposed and exiled.
Sultan Hassan Nooraddeen II	Kula Sudha Ira Siyaaka Saasthura Audha Keerithi Katthiri Bavana	1935	1943	Forced to abdicate.
Interregnum		1944	1952	Abdul Majeed Didi was elected Sultan but was never installed and continued to live in Ceylon. Maldives ruled by Council of Regency headed for a time by former Sultan Hassan Nooraddeen II. Following the death of Abdul Majeed, and after a national referendum, the Maldives became a republic.

First Republic of Maldives

Huraa dynasty (second restoration)

Name	Regnal Name	Monarch from	Monarch until	Notes
Sultan Sir Muhammad Fareed Didi	Keerithi Maha Radun (no coronation)	1954	1968	Grandson of Muhammad Mueenuddeen II. Took the title of King Muhammad Fareed Didi in 1965, when the British protectorate of the Maldives ended. Deposed by a national referendum which decided to replace the sultanate with a republic.

Second Republic of Maldives

Notes

Regnal names are in ancient Maldive language. The names are followed with "Maha Radun" for Kings are "Maha Rehendi" for Queens.[8]
Sometimes there were no coronation ceremony and for those they were called "Keerithi Maha Radun" for Kings and "Keeri Maha Rehendi" for Queens.[8]

References

Mohamed, Naseema. "First Settlers". Note on the Early History of the Maldives.
Taj al-Din, Hasan. The Maldivian chronicle Ta'rikh.
"The Rehla of Ibn Battuta". Maldives.
M. dos Santos Alves, Jorge. "Kalu Muhammad Hilali, Sultan of the Maldives (1491-1528)". Kalu Muhammad Hilali, Sultan of the Maldives (1491-1528).
Francois, Payard. "The voyage of Francois Pyrard of Laval to the East Indies, the Maldives, the Moluccas and Brazil". The Maldives.
"Decedents of Sultan Mudzuhiruddine - Isdhoo Dynasty". Galehiri.
"Coral Stone Mosques of Maldives".
"Maldive Sovereigns from AD 1117". Archived from the original on 22 February 2013.

Official website of the Maldives Royal Family
Allama Ahmed Shihabuddine (original work in Arabic, translated to Dhivehi by Dhoondeyri Don Maniku), Kitab fi Athaari Meedoo el-Qadimiyyeh. Male'

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[:1-1] Mohamed, Naseema. "First Settlers". Note on the Early History of the Maldives.

[:4-2] Taj al-Din, Hasan. The Maldivian chronicle Ta'rikh.

[3] "The Rehla of Ibn Battuta". Maldives.

[:2-4] M. dos Santos Alves, Jorge. "Kalu Muhammad Hilali, Sultan of the Maldives (1491-1528)". Kalu Muhammad Hilali, Sultan of the Maldives (1491-1528).

[:3-5] Francois, Payard. "The voyage of Francois Pyrard of Laval to the East Indies, the Maldives, the Moluccas and Brazil". The Maldives.

[6] "Decedents of Sultan Mudzuhiruddine - Isdhoo Dynasty". Galehiri.

[7] "Coral Stone Mosques of Maldives".

[:0-8] "Maldive Sovereigns from AD 1117". Archived from the original on 22 February 2013.