List of political parties in France

France has a multi-party political system: one in which the number of competing political parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that in order to participate in the exercise of power any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to forming electoral alliances and/or coalition agreements.

The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-party factionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself.

Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stable coalitions:

This was the case until the 2017 presidential election, when Emmanuel Macron of liberal La République En Marche! defeated Marine Le Pen of right-wing National Rally in the second round. This was the first time in which a third party had won the presidency, as well as the first time that neither of the major coalitions had appeared in the second round of a presidential election. This was followed shortly by a significant victory for LREM in the 2017 legislative election, winning a majority of 350 seats. Both the traditional coalitions suffered major defeats.

National Rally (previously known as the National Front before a name change in 2018) has also experienced significant successes in other elections. Since 2014, the party has established itself as the third sizable party, finishing in first place in the 2014 and 2019 European elections as well as in the 2015 local elections,[1] though the party failed to win government in any regions due to the last-ditch alliance between the centre-left and the centre-right coalitions in Hauts-de-France and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.[2] Many political observers now describe a new "tripartisme" (English: tripartism) in the French political landscape.[3][4][5]

Elected parties

Major nationwide represented parties

Acronym and NameNational coalitionLeader or ChairmanPeople's Representatives Political PositionIdeology
REM: La République En Marche! La République En Marche group (National Assembly) Democratic Movement (MoDem) and affiliated democrats group Stanislas Guerini National Assembly:
303 / 577
Senate:
21 / 348
European Parliament:
11 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre Liberalism, pro-Europeanism
LR: The Republicans

(See also, UMP & RPR.)
NoneChristian JacobNational Assembly:
97 / 577
Senate:
142 / 348
European Parliament:
7 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
7 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
44 / 101
Centre-rightThe Strong Right: Sarkozysm, social conservatism, Christian democracy


The Social Right: Gaullism, pro-Europeanism


Modern and Humanist France: Economic liberalism, Christian democracy, pro-Europeanism


Gaullism, a way forward for France: Gaullism, souverainism, Christian democracy


The Popular Right: Souverainism, protectionism, euroscepticism, economic liberalism, social conservatism, liberal conservatism

PS: Socialist PartyNew LeftOlivier FaureNational Assembly:
25 / 577
Senate:
86 / 348
European Parliament:
2 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
5 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
27 / 101
Centre-leftMobilise the French People for a Successful Change: Social democracy, social liberalism, pro-Europeanism


Now the Left: Democratic socialism, social democracy, pro-Europeanism

Other nationwide represented parties

Acronym and NameNational coalitionLeader or ChairmanPeople's Representatives Political PositionIdeology
MoDem: Democratic Movement None François Bayrou National Assembly:
39 / 577
Senate:
6 / 348
European Parliament:
5 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
1 / 101
Centre to centre-right Centrism, Liberalism, Social liberalism, Christian democracy
FI: La France InsoumiseNone Jean-Luc MélenchonNational Assembly:
17 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
5 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left-wing to far-leftDemocratic socialism, Eco-socialism, Left-wing populism, Environmentalism, Alter-globalisation, Soft Euroscepticism
PCF: French Communist PartyLeft FrontPierre LaurentNational Assembly:
10 / 577
Senate:
18 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
1 / 101
Left-wing (since 1977, far-left previously)Communism, Soft Euroscepticism
RN: National RallyRassemblement bleu MarineMarine Le PenNational Assembly:
6 / 577
Senate:
2 / 348
European Parliament:
20 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Far-rightFrench nationalism, National conservatism, Souverainism, Protectionism, Right-wing populism, Anti-immigration, Hard Euroscepticism
MR: Radical Movement NoneLaurent Hénart Sylvia Pinel National Assembly:
10 / 577
Senate:
19 / 348
European Parliament:
1 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
CentreLiberalism, Social liberalism, Pro-Europeanism
LC: The CentristsUnion of Democrats and Independents Hervé MorinNational Assembly:
5 / 577
Senate:
9 / 348
European Parliament:
1 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre to Centre-right Centrism, Conservative liberalism, Christian democracy
FED: Democratic European ForceUnion of Democrats and Independents Jean-Christophe LagardeNational Assembly:
2 / 577
Senate:
4 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre-rightCentrism, Social liberalism, Pro-Europeanism, Christian democracy
LGM: Modern Left Union of Democrats and Independents Jean-Marie Bockel National Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre Social liberalism
MdP: Movement of Progressives None Robert Hue National Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left-wing Democratic socialism
DLF: Debout la FranceNone Nicolas Dupont-AignanNational Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Right-wingFrench nationalism, National conservatism, Gaullism, Republicanism, Souverainism, Social conservatism, Euroscepticism
AC: Centrist AllianceNone Jean ArthuisNational Assembly:
2 / 577
Senate:
9 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
CentreLiberalism, Pro-Europeanism, Centrism
MRC: Citizen and Republican MovementNoneJean-Luc LaurentNational Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left-wingRepublicanism, Souverainism, Democratic socialism, Euroscepticism, Protectionism
LRC-Cap21: Citizenship, Action, Participation for the 21st CenturyNoneCorinne LepageNational Assembly:
4 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre to Centre-leftEnvironmentalism, Green liberalism, Direct democracy, Humanism, Eurorealism
EELV: Europe Ecology – The GreensNoneDavid CormandNational Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
10 / 348
European Parliament:
9 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre-leftGreen politics
PG: Left PartyLeft FrontEric Coquerel and Danielle SimonnetNational Assembly:
8 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
5 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left-wingDemocratic socialism, Left-wing populism, Environmentalism, Alter-globalisation, Soft Euroscepticism
Génération.SNone Benoît HamonNational Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
1 / 101
Centre-left
Ensemble! None None National Assembly:
2 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left-wing Socialism, Eco-socialism, Anti-globalisation
PE: Ecologist Party None François de Rugy National Assembly:
3 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Green politics, Green liberalism, Environmentalism, Social-liberalism, European federalism
Resistons! None Jean Lassalle National Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre Ruralism, Humanism, Localism, Sovereignty
Agir UDI, Agir and Independents group National Assembly:
9 / 577
Senate:
6 / 348
European Parliament:
1 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre to Centre-right Liberalism, Social liberalism, Progressivism, Christian democracy
Comités Jeanne None Jean-Marie Le Pen National Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Far-right Nationalism

Euroscepticism Souverainism

LFD13: La Force du 13NoneJean-Noël GuériniNational Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
2 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
LeftSocial democracy
GC: Génération citoyens Jean-Marie Cavada National Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Centre to Right-wing Social liberalism
Démocratie et République National Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Initiative démocratique de gauche National Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Social democracy
LS: Ligue du SudRassemblement bleu MarineJacques BompardNational Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Far-right National conservatism, Souverainism, Identitarian movement, Anti-globalization movement,

Regionalism, Patriotism, Localism, Poujadism, Liberal conservatism

LP: The PatriotsFlorian PhilippotNational Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
2 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Far-right

Euroscepticism, Souverainism, Gaullism, Populism, Statism, Animal rights

GRS: Gauche républicaine et socialiste Emmanuel Maurel, Marie-Noëlle Lienemann National Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
1 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left-wing

Socialism, Euroscepticism, Economic Interventionism, Statism,

RDG: Les Radicaux de gauche Virginie Rozière, Stéphane Saint-André National Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Left to Centre-left

Pro-Europeanism, Environmentalism, Solidarism, Secularism

MLM: Mouvement libéral et modéré Philippe AdnotNational Assembly:
0 / 577
Senate:
1 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Pè a CorsicaLibertés and Territories GroupGilles SimeoniNational Assembly:
3 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101
Autonomism, Regionalism, Corsican Nationalism, Independentism
Picardie deboutLa France Insoumise groupFrançois RuffinNational Assembly:
1 / 577
Senate:
0 / 348
European Parliament:
0 / 74
Presidency of Regional Councils:
0 / 17
Presidency of Departmental Councils:
0 / 101

Radical left, Anti-capitalism, Protectionism, left-wing Souverainism, left-wing populism, Participatory democracy, Eco-socialism

Region only parties

Acronym and NameNational coalitionLeader or ChairmanTerritorial councillorsIdeology
LMR: Rurality MovementNoneEddie PuyjalonRegional:
6 / 1,880
Traditional rural values; refusal of environmental legislation and regulations restricting the right to hunt and fish, conservative, Eurosceptic
MEI: Independent Ecological MovementNone Antoine WaechterRegional:
3 / 1,880
Green politics, Centrism, anti-nuclear
NPA: New Anticapitalist PartyNone Christine PoupinRegional:
2 / 1,880
Anti-capitalism, democratic socialism, eco-socialism, alter-globalisation

Non-elected parties

Acronym and NameNational coalitionLeader or ChairmanPolitical Position
AF: French ActionNone Stéphane BlanchonnetMonarchism, nationalism, conservatism, Euroscepticism, far-right
UPR: Popular Republican UnionNone François AsselineauFrench nationalism, Hard Euroscepticism
AR: Royal AllianceNone Pierre BernardMonarchism (Orléanism), conservatism, Euroscepticism
NAR: New Royalist ActionNone Bertrand RenouvinMonarchism, conservatism, Euroscepticism, gaulism
RD: Democratic RallyNone Philippe CartellierMonarchism, conservatism, gaulism, Capetism
GE: Ecology GenerationNone Yves PiétrasantaGreen politics, green conservatism, centre-right
GR: Revolutionary LeftNone CollectiveMarxism, socialism, Trotskyism
PCOF: Workers' Communist Party of FranceLeft FrontCollective Communism, Marxism–Leninism, hoxhaism, anti-revisionism
POI: Independent Workers' PartyNone Daniel Gluckstein, Claude Jenet, Jean Markun, Gérard SchivardiCommunism, trotskyism, Marxism, proletarian internationalism
PRCF: Pole of Communist Rebirth in FranceNone Léon LandiniCommunism, Marxism-Leninism, anti-capitalism, nationalism
OCML-VP: Marxist–Leninist Communist Organization – Proletarian WayNone CollectiveCommunism, Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
PP: Pirate PartyNone Maxime Rouquet, Guillaume LecoquierreIntellectual property reform, protection of privacy and individual liberty
LO: Workers' StruggleNone Nathalie Arthaud, spokeswomanTrotskyism, internationalism, feminism
PLD: Liberal Democratic PartyNone Aurélien VéronClassical liberalism
FA: Anarchist FederationNone Collective Anarchist Synthesist, anarchism without adjectives
AL: Alternative LibertaireNone Collective Anarchist Communism
PL: Libertarian PartyNone Guilhem d'UrbalLibertarianism
JC: New Jacobin Party None Gerald d'Ouvril, acting leader

Maximilien Robespierre, youth leader

Jacobinism, Republicanism

French Revolution

Historical parties

Political parties in French overseas possessions

Historical parties

See also

References

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