Lewis (satellite)

Lewis was an American satellite which was to have been operated by NASA as part of the Small Satellite Technology Initiative. It carried two experimental Earth imaging instruments, and an ultraviolet astronomy payload. Due to a design flaw it failed within three days of reaching orbit, before it became operational.

Lewis
Mission typeTechnology
Remote sensing
UV Astronomy
OperatorNASA
COSPAR ID1997-044A
SATCAT no.24909
Mission duration1-3 years (planned)
3 days (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
BusT200B
ManufacturerTRW
Launch mass288 kilograms (635 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date23 August 1997, 06:51:01 (1997-08-23UTC06:51:01Z) UTC
RocketLMLV-1 (Athena I)
Launch siteVandenberg SLC-6
ContractorLockheed Martin
End of mission
Last contact26 August 1997 (1997-08-27)
Decay date28 September 1997
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude124 kilometers (77 mi)
Planned: 523 kilometres (325 mi)
Apogee altitude134 kilometers (83 mi)
Planned: 523 kilometres (325 mi)
Inclination97.5 degrees
Epoch23 August 1997, 02:51:01 UTC[1]
Instruments
HSI
LEISA
UCB
 

Lewis was a 288 kilograms (635 lb) spacecraft, which was designed to operate for between one and three years.[2] It was built by TRW under a contract which was signed on 11 July 1994.[2] Its primary instruments were the Hyperspectral Imager, the Linear Etalon Imaging Spectral Array and the Ultraviolet Cosmic Background experiment.[3] A number of technology demonstration payloads were also flown.

Launch

Lewis was launched by a LMLV-1 (Athena I) rocket flying from Space Launch Complex 6 at the Vandenberg Air Force Base.[4] The launch was originally scheduled to take place in September 1996, but it was delayed due to technical problems affecting the rocket.[5] Launch finally occurred at 06:51:01 GMT on 23 August 1997, and Lewis was successfully placed into a parking orbit with an apogee of 134 kilometres (83 mi), a perigee of 124 kilometres (77 mi), and 97.5 degrees of inclination. Lewis was to have raised itself into a higher orbit, at an altitude of 523 kilometres (325 mi).[3]

Mission failure

On 26 August, the satellite began spinning out of control at a rate of 2 rpm, which led to a loss of communications with ground controllers, and affected the ability of its solar arrays to generate power.[6] Controllers were unable to regain contact with the spacecraft,[7] and it was declared a total loss. It reentered the atmosphere at 11:58 GMT on 28 September 1997.[8] The cause of the failure was later established to be a design flaw in the spacecraft's attitude control system, which had been designed for the TOMS-EP spacecraft and was not sufficiently modified to be compatible with Lewis.[9]

See also

References
  1. "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Trajectory Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
  2. Wade, Mark. "Lewis". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  3. Krebs, Gunter. "Lewis (SSTI-1)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  4. McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  5. "NASA loses contact with Lewis craft". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. August 28, 1997. p. 5A. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  6. Isbell, Douglas; Koris, Sally (August 26, 1997). "Lewis Spacecraft encounters difficulties". NASA/TRW. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  7. "Doomed satellite re-enters atmosphere". CNN. September 28, 1997. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  8. "Lewis spacecraft". ASTRONET. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
  9. Isbell, Douglas (June 23, 1998). "Lewis spacecraft failure board report released". NASA. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.