Lecanopteris

Lecanopteris is a genus of ferns in the family Polypodiaceae, subfamily Microsoroideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[1] They have swollen hollow rhizomes that provide homes for symbiotic ants. All are epiphytic plants that naturally occur from Southeast Asia to New Guinea.[2][3] Several species are in commerce,[4] being grown as houseplants and greenhouse curiosities.

Lecanopteris
Lecanopteris curtisii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Polypodiineae
Family: Polypodiaceae
Subfamily: Microsoroideae
Genus: Lecanopteris
Reinw.
Species

See text.

Taxonomy

Phylogeny

The monophyletic genus Lecanopteris has been divided into two sub-genera, Lecanopteris and Myrmecopteris. All the species have rhizomes associated with ants. Subgenus Lecanopteris was monophyletic, and Myrmecopteris was paraphyletic.[2][3] A 2019 molecular phylogenetic study suggested that the genus was related to three other clades, treated as genera, related as shown in the following cladogram.[5]

Lecanopteris s.l.
 

Bosmania

 
 
 

Dendroconche

 
 
 

Zealandia

 
 

Lecanopteris s.s.

 
 
 
 

As of February 2020, the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World recognizes the segregate genera; other sources do not.

Species

As of February 2020, the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World recognized the following species in Lecanopteris s.s.[6]

  • Lecanopteris balgooyi Hennipman
  • Lecanopteris carnosa (Reinw.) Blume
  • Lecanopteris celebica Hennipman
  • Lecanopteris crustacea Copel.
  • Lecanopteris darnaedii Hennipman
  • Lecanopteris deparioides (Ces.) Baker
  • Lecanopteris holttumii Hennipman
  • Lecanopteris luzonensis Hennipman
  • Lecanopteris mirabilis Copel.
  • Lecanopteris pumila Blume
  • Lecanopteris sarcopus (Teijsm. & Binn.) Copel.
  • Lecanopteris sinuosa (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel.
  • Lecanopteris spinosa Jermy & T.Walker

References
  1. PPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns", Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603, doi:10.1111/jse.12229, S2CID 39980610
  2. Gay, Honor (1993), "Rhizome structure and evolution in the ant‐associated epiphytic fern Lecanopteris Reinw. (Polypodiaceae)", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 113 (2): 135–160, doi:10.1006/bojl.1993.1068
  3. Haufler, Christopher H.; Grammer, W. Andrew; Hennipman, E.; Ranker, Tom A.; Smith, Alan R. & Schneider, Harald (2003), "Systematics of the Ant-Fern Genus Lecanopteris (Polypodiaceae): Testing Phylogenetic Hypotheses with DNA Sequences", Systematic Botany, 28 (2): 217–227, JSTOR 3093992
  4. Stuart, Tom (2009), "Polypods exposed" (PDF), Bulletin of the American Fern Society, 36 (2 & 3): 9–25, retrieved 2020-06-23
  5. Testo, Weston L.; Field, Ashley R.; Sessa, Emily B. & Sundue, Michael (2019), "Phylogenetic and Morphological Analyses Support the Resurrection of Dendroconche and the Recognition of Two New Genera in Polypodiaceae Subfamily Microsoroideae" (PDF), Systematic Botany, 44 (4): 737–752, doi:10.1600/036364419X15650157948607, S2CID 208176686, retrieved 2020-02-11
  6. Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (January 2020), "Lecanopteris", Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World, Version 8.20, retrieved 2020-02-10


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