Korovin pistol

The Korovin pistol (Пистолет Коровина, Тульский Коровин (ТК), GAU Index 56-A-112) is regarded as the first Soviet semi-automatic pistol.

TK pistol
TK pistol
TypeSemi-automatic pistol
Place of originSoviet Union
Service history
In service1926–1950s
Used byNKVD
Red Army[1]
Gosbank
WarsWorld War II
Production history
DesignerS.A. Korovin
Designed1925–1926
ManufacturerTula Arms Plant
Produced1926–1935[2]
Specifications
Mass423 g (14.9 oz)
Length127 mm (5.0 in)
Barrel length67.5 mm (2.7 in)
Width24
Height98 mm (3.9 in)
Cartridge6.35x15.5 mm SR
ActionType: single-action semi-automatic pistol
Muzzle velocity228 m/s (748 ft/s)
Feed system8-round detachable box magazine

History

Sergey Korovin designed the first 7.65 mm calibre military pistol around 1922, while working at the famous Tula arms factory TOZ. However, this model proved too complex and difficult. But in 1925 the sport society Dinamo placed an order for a 6.35 mm pocket pistol for sports and civic needs. By 1926, Korovin completed development of a model, and at the end of that year, TOZ began its release.

The following year the gun was approved for use, having received the official title of «Pistol TK Model 1926». The gun was not intended for the army, and it was considered a "civilian weapon". It was used by NKVD operatives, militsiya, senior officers of the Red Army[3] and senior government or party officials. TKs were often used as gifts or awards.

Some TK pistols remained in Sberkassa offices even after the end of the Great Patriotic War.[4]

Construction

The pistol is of simple blowback type. A safety is located on the left side of the frame above the trigger; the magazine catch is located at the bottom of the grip.

The grip panels came in two types: plastic with the TOZ logo, or wooden. Wooden grips came in two versions: checkered or with larger vertical grooves. Until the early 1930s grips were secured with screws, later with spring latches.[5]

Ammo

The Korovin was developed for the .25 ACP cartridge of J.M.Browning design. The official designation of the cartridge in Soviet Russia were: 6.35-mm pistol cartridge 57-N-112 (Browning) - 6,35-мм пистолетный патрон 57-Н-112 (Браунинга), where 57-Н-112 - ГАУ/GAU index for product.[6] Some Russian sources mention the use of a more powerful cartridge in the gun, which is copied a mistake. According to GAU documents the standard only Browning 6,35 mm cartridges produced in the USSR, since 1934, when the TK pistol production was already ended.

See also
  • List of Russian weaponry

References
  1. "Командиры РККА были в основном вооружены наганами; у многих имелся ещё не очень привычный ТТ. Некоторые командиры и комиссары, особенно из высшего звена, были вооружены длинноствольными маузерами в деревянных колодках, пистолетами Коровина, браунингами"
    Советско-финская война 1939—1940 гг. Хрестоматия / ред.-сост. А. Е. Тарас. Минск: «Харвест», 1999. стр.158
  2. Коровин обр. 1926 г. // А. И. Благовестов. То, из чего стреляют в СНГ: Справочник стрелкового оружия. / под общ.ред. А. Е. Тараса. Минск, «Харвест», 2000. стр.42-45
  3. "пистолет Коровина быстро завоевал популярность, причем наряду с чекистами и милиционерами он также получил определённое распространение среди старшего и среднего командного состава Красной Армии."
    Сергей Монетчиков. Русские оружейники: Коровин - отечественный талант с бельгийским акцентом // журнал "Братишка", № 6, июнь 2002
  4. Алексей Клишин. ТК или "Тульский Коровина" // журнал «Оружие», № 1, 2014. стр.6-16
  5. А. Б. Жук. Энциклопедия стрелкового оружия: револьверы, пистолеты, винтовки, пистолеты-пулемёты, автоматы. М., ООО «Издательство АСТ», «Воениздат», 2002. стр.428-429
  6. Константин Соловьёв. Пистолетные патроны Браунинга // журнал «Калашников. Оружие. Боеприпасы. Снаряжение», № 5, 2002. стр.24-31
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