Khorovats

Khorovats (Armenian: խորոված, [χoɾoˈvɑt͡s]) is a barbequed Armenian meat kebab.[1] The meat may be marinated before grilling, but it does not have to be.[2] It can be made with lamb, pork, beef, chicken, or even veal. This is generally a dish reserved for "festive occasions".[3][1]

Khorovats on flat skewers (right) and grilling (left).

Etymology

The word "խորոված" khorovats means "grilled" in Armenian and comes from the verb "խորովել" khorovel (to grill).

Description

Khorovats can be made with lamb (gar), pork (khoz), beef (tavar), chicken (hav), or less commonly veal (hort). Some type of vegetable is usually served with the meat. A common preparation for green vegetables like asparagus or green beans is to fry them and combine with whipped eggs, a dish which resembles scrambled eggs with vegetables. [4]

A typical khorovats is made of chunks of meat grilled on a shampoor (շամփուր) or skewer, although steaks or chops grilled without skewers may be also used.

2006 book Armenian Food: Fact, Fiction & Folklore gives three tips for making good khorovats:[5]

  1. The distance between the fire and the skewers should be approximately 12 to 15 centimeters (about 6 inches)
  2. The largest pieces of meat should always go in the middle where there is more heat for the fire
  3. Shampoors (skewers) should be placed close together to concentrate the heat from the cooking fire

In Armenia itself, khorovats is often made with the bone still in the meat (as lamb or pork chops).[3]

Proshian Street in Yerevan is dubbed "Barbecue Street" by foreigners, because many khorovats restaurants are located on the street.[5]

In his The Travels of Sir John Chardin in Persia and the Orient 17th-century French traveler Jean Chardin wrote:[5]

The Armenians have a way of roasting the mutton and lamb in their own skin upon the coals, as they do chestnuts. When the mutton is dressed, they put the skin again upon it and sew it up well, and then they put it on the coals and cover it: the mutton is all night adoing, and it is not over and above good when it is done.

In a scene from the 1976 Soviet film When September Comes (Russian: Когда наступает сентябрь), prominent Armenian actor Armen Dzhigarkhanyan (Levon) makes khorovats with his grandson in the balcony of his daughter's Moscow apartment. His neighbors see smoke coming out of the balcony and call the firemen, but when a fireman arrives everything settles down and all the neighbors gather at Levon's house to enjoy the dish.[6]

Since 2009, an annual festival of khorovats has been held in Akhtala in northern Armenia.[7] In 2012, John A. Heffern, the US ambassador to Armenia, was among 15,000 guests of the festival.[8]

References
  1. Roudik, Peter (2009). Culture and Customs of the Caucasus. Greenwood Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-313-34885-3.
  2. Albala, Ken (2011). Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-37626-9.
  3. Holding, Nicholas; Holding, Deirdre (2011). Armenia: With Nagorno Karabagh. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-345-0.
  4. Holding, Nicholas (2011). Armenia: With Nagorno Karabagh. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781841623450.
  5. Petrosian, Irina; Underwood, David (2006). Armenian Food: Fact, Fiction & Folklore. Bloomington, Indiana: Yerkir Publishing. p. 76. ISBN 978-1-4116-9865-9.
  6. ""Когда наступает Сентябрь" (Шашлык на балконе)". Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  7. "4th Armenian Barbecue Festival to be held in Akhtala on September 8". Panorama.am. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  8. Arzumanyan, Edward (8 September 2012). "Barbeque contest-fest held in Armenia's Lori - PHOTO and VIDEO". News.am. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
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