John Rhys

Sir John Rhys, PC, FBA (also spelled Rhŷs;[1] 21 June 1840 – 17 December 1915) was a Welsh scholar, fellow of the British Academy, Celticist and the first professor of Celtic at Oxford University.[2]

Not to be confused with John Rhys-Davies.

John Rhys
Born21 June 1840 
Died17 December 1915  (aged 75)
Jesus College 
Awards
Position heldJesus Professor of Celtic (1877–1915) 
Birthplace of Sir John Rhys, Ponterwyd
Grave of Rhys and his wife Elspeth at Holywell Cemetery, Oxford

Early years and education

He was born John Rees at Ponterwyd in Ceredigion, to a lead miner and farmer, Hugh Rees, and his wife. Rhys was educated at schools in Bryn-chwyth, Pantyffynnon and Ponterwyd before moving to the British School, a recently opened institution at Penllwyn, in 1855. Here Rhys was enrolled as a pupil and teacher, and after leaving studied at Bangor Normal College from 1860 to 1861. Upon leaving Bangor Normal College, Rhys gained employment as headmaster at Rhos-y-bol, Anglesey. It was here that Rhys was introduced to Dr Charles Williams, then the Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, in 1865. This meeting eventually led to Rhys being accepted into the college, where he studied literae humaniores. In 1869, he was elected to a fellowship at Merton College.[3]

Rhys also travelled and studied in Europe during this period, staying in Paris, Heidelberg, Leipzig, and Göttingen. He attended lectures by Georg Curtius and August Leskien whilst in Leipzig, and it was during this period that his interest in philology and linguistics developed. Rhys matriculated from Leipzig in 1871, and it was around this time that he adopted the Welsh spelling of his name. He returned to Wales as a government inspector of schools, covering Flint and Denbigh, and he settled in Rhyl. Rhys also began to write, with articles on the grammar of the Celtic language and articles on the glosses in the Luxembourg manuscript being printed, the latter in the Revue Celtique. In 1872 Rhys married Elspeth Hughes-Davies.[3]

Career

In 1874 Rhys delivered a series of lectures in Aberystwyth, later published as Lectures on Welsh Philology, which served to establish his reputation as a leading scholar of the Celtic language. This reputation saw him appointed as the first Professor of Celtic at Oxford University in 1877. He was also made a Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford. Rhys was elected bursar of the college in 1885, a position he held until 1895, when he succeeded Daniel Harper as principal.[3]

Rhys served on several public bodies.[3]

  • 1881 – Lord Aberdare's departmental committee on Welsh education
  • 1887 – Secretary to the commission on the tithe agitation in Wales
  • 1889 – Royal Commission on Sunday closing in Wales
  • 1893 – Royal Commission on Land Tenure in Wales
  • 1891 - Royal Commission on University Education in Ireland
  • 1907 – Sir Thomas Raleigh's commission on the Welsh university and its constituent colleges
  • 1908 – Chief Baron Palles's commission for a national university of Ireland
  • 1908 – First chairman of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, a post that he held until his death.[4]

Awards

Rhys gained his knighthood in 1907, and in 1911 was appointed to the Privy Council. Rhys was one of the founding Fellows of The British Academy when it was given its Royal Charter in 1902, and after his death the Academy established an annual lecture in his name, the Sir John Rhys Memorial Lecture. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography declares him to be "foremost among the scholars of his time" in his published fields, noting that "his pioneering studies provided a firm foundation for future Celtic scholarship and research for many decades."[3]

Works

John Morris-Jones and Rhys prepared an edition of The Elucidarium and other tracts in Welsh from Llyvyr agkyr Llandewivrevi A.D. 1346 (The Book of the Anchorite of Llanddewi Brefi), a collection of Medieval Welsh manuscripts in the library of Jesus College Oxford, which they published in 1894.[6][7][8]

References
  1. Rhys, John (31 January 2002). Celtic Folklore: Welsh and Manx – John Rhys – Google Books. ISBN 9781402153075. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  2. "Sir John Rhys Papers". Sir John Rhys Papers, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Archives – Network – Wales. Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2005.
  3. John Fraser, ‘Rhŷs , Sir John (1840–1915)’, rev. Mari A. Williams, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2006; accessed 15 January 2007]
  4. Williams, Sir Ifor. "RHYS , Sir JOHN (1840-1915), Celtic scholar". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  5. "Review of Origins of English History by Charles Elton, 1882; Celtic Britain by J. Rhys, 1882; The Making of England by J. R. Green, 1881; The Conquest of England, 1883; The Student's Hume revised by J. S. Brewer, 1880". The Quarterly Review. 159: 424–450. April 1885.
  6. Parry, Sir Thomas (1959). "MORRIS-JONES (formerly JONES ), Sir JOHN (MORRIS) ( 1864 - 1929 ), scholar, poet, and critic". Dictionary of Welsh Biography.
  7. Jones, Thomas (1937). "The Book of the Anchorite of Llanddewi Brefi (Llyvyr Agkyr Llandewivrevi)". Transactions and Archaeological Record, Cardiganshire Antiquarian Society. 12: 65–66. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  8. Morris-Jones, John; Rhys, John, Sir (1894). The Elucidarium and other tracts in Welsh from Llyvyr agkyr Llandewivrevi A.D. 1346 (Jesus college ms. 119). OCLC 4577911. OL 6595516M.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.