Jingili people
The Jingili or Jingulu are an indigenous Australian people of the Northern Territory.
Language
Jingulu is classified as belonging to the Mirndi family of non Pama-Nyungan languages. An early word-list was compiled by F. A. Gillen.[1] Following in the wake of pioneering work by Neil Chadwick in the 1970s, Robert Pensalfini wrote out a grammar of Jingulu on the basis of fieldwork with its last known fluent speakers.[2]
Country
Norman Tindale estimated the range of Jingili lands at approximately 5,900 square miles (15,000 km2). The southern frontier was around the Renner Springs area about Mount Grayling, extending northwards to Newcastle Waters and also took in the area of the Ashburton Range. To the east they encompassed Cattle Creek south of Wave Hill and Ucharonidge. Their western extension ran as far as the 25 miles from Lake Woods.[3][lower-alpha 1]
Social organization
R. H. Mathews constructed an early scheme to set forth the marriage divisions of the Jingili.[4]
| Phratry | Section of Parents | Section of Offspring | ||
| Husband | Wife | Son | Daughter | |
| A | Jimmitcha Chunainjah Chemarainjah Tampachina |
Nungalleeinja Nalainjah Naraleeinjah Nungareeinjah |
Taraleeinjah Tungareeinjah Chulainjah Chungaleeinjah |
Naraleeinjah Nungareeinjah Nalainjah Nungalleeinja |
| B | Chungaleeinjah Chulainjah Tungareeinjah Taraleeinjah |
Nameeinjah Nanainjah Nabajinah Nemarainjah |
Tampachina Chemarainjah Chunainjah Jimmitcha |
Nabajinah Nemarainjah Nanainjah Nameeinjah |
Some eight years later he reconfigured the data in the following terms:-
| Phratry | Section of Parents | Section of Offspring | |
| Wife | Husband | Offspring | |
| Cycle A | Chungalee Chula Taralee Tungaree |
Chimitcha Chuna Chemara Champina |
Taralee Tanagree Chula Chingaree |
| Cycle B | Chimicha Chuna Champina Chimara |
Chungalee Chula Tangaree Taralee |
Champina Chemara Chuna Chimitcha |
History of contact
According to oral tradition, the Jingili originally migrated from the Great Western Desert.[3]
Alternative names
- Chingalee, Chingalli
- Djingili, Djingali, Djinggili
- Leechunguloo
- T(h)ingalie
- Tjingale, Tchingalee
- Tjingilli, Tjingali, Tjingalli
- Tjingilu
Source: Tindale 1974, p. 236
Some words
- mowija. (pieces of crystallized quartz used, according to Ravenscroft, to kill an enemy by creeping up to him when the latter slept, and placing the stones on his chest.)[7]
Notes
- "The Chinaglee tribe occupy a large area of country of which Charlotte Waters (error for Newcastle Waters) is the centre; extending northward 96 miles to Daly Waters; southwards 60 miles to Powell's Creeks; eastwards 100 miles; and westwards 70 miles." (Ravenscroft 1892, p. 121)
Citations
- Pensalfini 2004, p. 143.
- Pensalfini 1997.
- Tindale 1974, p. 236.
- Mathews 1900, pp. 495–496.
- Mathews 1900, p. 495.
- Mathews 1908a, p. 101.
- Ravenscroft 1892, p. 122.
Sources
- Basedow, Herbert (1907). "Anthropological notes on the Western Coastal tribes of the Northern Territory of South Australia". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. Adelaide. 31: 1–62.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Eylmann, Erhard (1908). Die Eingeborenen der Kolonie Südaustralien (PDF). Berlin: D.Reimer.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mathews, R. H. (July–September 1900). "The Wombya Organization of the Australian Aborigines". American Anthropologist. Adelaide. 2 (3): 494–501. doi:10.1525/aa.1900.2.3.02a00050. JSTOR 658964.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mathews, R. H. (1907). "Notes on some aboriginal tribes". Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales. 41: 67–87.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mathews, R. H. (30 March 1908a). "The Sociology of the Arranda and Chingalee Tribes (Northern Territory Australia)". Folklore. 19 (1): 99–103. JSTOR 1254720.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Mathews, R. H. (April–June 1908b). "Sociology of the Chingalee Tribe, Northern Australia". American Anthropologist. 10 (2): 281–285. doi:10.1525/aa.1908.10.2.02a00110. JSTOR 659579.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Nordlinger, Rachel (1998). A Grammar of Wambaya, Northern Territory (Australia) (PDF). Pacific Linguistics.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Pensalfini, Rob (2004). "Eulogizing a language: the Ngarnka experience" (pdf). International Journal of the Sociology of Language (164): 141–156.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Pensalfini, Robert J. (1997). Jingulu grammar, dictionary, and texts. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. hdl:1721.1/10347.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ravenscroft, A. G. B. (1892). "Some habits and customs of the Chingalee tribe, Northern Territory". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 15: 121–122.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Spencer, Sir Baldwin; Gillen, Francis J. (1904). Northern Tribes of Central Australia. Macmillan Publishers.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Stationmaster (1895). "On the habits etc. of the aborigines in the district of Powell's Creek, Northern Territory of South Australia". The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 24: 176–180. JSTOR 2842215.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Tjingili (NT)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)