Janatin

Second Sergeant Usman bin Haji Muhammad Ali (18 March 1943 – 17 October 1968), better known as Janatin and Usman Janatin, was an Indonesian marine and convicted murderer.

Usman bin Haji Muhammad Ali
Born(1943-03-18)18 March 1943
Banyumas, Dutch East Indies
Died17 October 1968(1968-10-17) (aged 25)
Changi Prison, Singapore
Other namesJanatin
Criminal charge(s)3 counts murder
Criminal penaltyExecution by hanging
Criminal statusExecuted
AwardsNational Hero of Indonesia

Biography

Janatin was born in Jatisobo, Banyumas, on 18 March 1943.[1][2] He graduated from middle school in 1962.[1]

On 1 June 1962, he entered the Indonesian Marine Corps,[1] and was appointed as one of three volunteers to serve in the military operation Komando Siaga (later renamed Komando Mandala Siaga), led by Air Force Vice Admiral Omar Dhani, during the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation.[2][3] Janatin was later stationed at Sambu Island, Riau.

Bombing of MacDonald House

On 8 March 1965, Janatin, Harun Thohir, and Gani bin Arup were assigned to conduct sabotage in Singapore: equipped with a rubber boat and 12.5 kilograms (28 lb) of explosives, they were told to bomb an important building of their own choice. On 10 March 1965, they targeted a civilian building, the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank building (now the MacDonald House), killing three and wounding at least thirty-three, all civilians.

Capture and Conviction

Janatin and Thahir subsequently escaped to a beach, while Gani disappeared and presumably returned to Indonesia. After seizing a motorboat, which broke down at sea, they were rescued by another boat and subsequently handed over to the Singapore Marine Police on 13 March 1965. Initially claiming to be engaged in fishing, they were however arrested and interrogated by the local police.

Janatin and Thahir were convicted of murder as they had been wearing civilian clothes at the time and had targeted a civilian building; both men were sentenced to death by a Singapore court.[4] The two were hanged in Changi Prison on 17 October 1968. Janatin's remains were taken back to Indonesia and buried in Kalibata Heroes Cemetery, Jakarta.[5]

National Heroes

They were awarded the status of Indonesian national heroes on 17 October 1968 (the same day they were hanged) and were posthumously promoted to one rank higher than those they held prior to their last operation.[6][7]

KRI Usman-Harun (359)

In 2014, one of three ships of the Bung Tomo-class corvette of the Indonesian Navy (initially built for Brunei but later sold to Indonesia) was named after him and Thahir as the KRI Usman-Harun (bearing the pennant number 359). The ship's name caused controversy between Indonesia and Singapore due to the bombing attack of 1963 and its immediate after-effects. Indonesia has not reversed its naming decision; in response, the Singapore government has banned the ship from entering its waters or docking in the country.[8]

References
  1. Sudarmanto 2007, p. 162
  2. Komandoko 2006, p. 480
  3. Ajisaka 2008, p. 215
  4. Ajisaka 2008, p. 216
  5. Sudarmanto 2007, p. 164
  6. "4 Fakta Harun Tahir Pahlawan Asal Bawean Yang Bikin Bangga". Berita Bawean (in Indonesian). Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  7. "Liontin Garuda, Misteri Peninggalan Harun yang tak Terungkap". SINDOnews.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  8. "Singapore: Naming Indonesian warship after marines would reopen old wounds". 7 February 2014.

Bibliography
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.