Jackson, Alabama

Jackson is a city in Clarke County, Alabama, United States. The population was 5,228 at the 2010 census.[4] It was one of three wet settlements in an otherwise-dry county.[5]

Not to be confused with Jackson County, Alabama.
Jackson
City
Nickname(s): 
The Pine City
Location of Jackson in Clarke County, Alabama.
Coordinates: 31°31′18″N 87°53′28″W
CountryUnited States
StateAlabama
CountyClarke
Area
 • Total15.83 sq mi (41.00 km2)
 • Land15.64 sq mi (40.50 km2)
 • Water0.19 sq mi (0.50 km2)
Elevation
236 ft (72 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total5,228
 • Estimate 
(2019)[2]
4,642
 • Density296.82/sq mi (114.61/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
36501, 36515, 36545
Area code(s)251
FIPS code01-38152
GNIS feature ID0151874
Websitecityofjacksonal.com
Map of Alabama during the War of 1812[3]

Geography

Jackson is located along the western border of Clarke County at coordinates 31.521°N 87.891°W / 31.521; -87.891, on a rise overlooking east bank of the Tombigbee River. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.8 square miles (41.0 km2), of which 15.6 square miles (40.5 km2) is land and 0.19 square miles (0.5 km2), or 1.21%, is water.[4]

Jackson sits across the Tombigbee River from Washington County, Alabama.

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
19001,039—
19101,37932.7%
19201,331−3.5%
19301,82837.3%
19402,03911.5%
19503,07250.7%
19604,95961.4%
19705,95720.1%
19806,0731.9%
19905,819−4.2%
20005,419−6.9%
20105,228−3.5%
2019 (est.)4,642[2]−11.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
2013 Estimate[7]

2010

At the 2010 census there were 5,228 people, 2,112 households, and 1,446 families living in the city. The population density was 334 people per square mile (129.1/km2). There were 2,426 housing units at an average density of 153.5 per square mile (59.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 54.9% White, 42.9% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4%.[8]

Of the 2,112 households 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 29.4% of households were one person and 10.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.00.

The age distribution was 25.1% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% 65 or older. The median age was 40.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.9 males.

The median household income was $32,917 and the median family income was $46,328. Males had a median income of $54,688 versus $29,483 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,822. About 21.9% of families and 29.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 37.4% of those under age 18 and 18.3% of those age 65 or over.

2000

At the 2000 census there were 5,419 people, 2,094 households, and 1,507 families living in the city. The population density was 358.7 people per square mile (138.5/km2). There were 2,341 housing units at an average density of 155.0 per square mile (59.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 60.42% White, 38.49% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65%.[9]

Of the 2,094 households 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 26.3% of households were one person and 12.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.08.

The age distribution was 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.4 males.

The median household income was $34,806 and the median family income was $45,516. Males had a median income of $43,558 versus $21,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,346. About 15.3% of families and 21.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.9% of those under age 18 and 20.1% of those age 65 or over.

History

Jackson was founded in 1816 and is named after President Andrew Jackson. Former names for the city include Pine Level and Republicville.

During the Civil War, a Confederate fort was established on the banks of the Tombigbee River. It was named Fort Carney and was positioned on Carney's Bluff just south of Jackson. The cannon that was on the bluff now sits in front of City Hall.[10]

Jackson has four sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places. They are the Jackson Historic District, Clarke Mills, Doit W. McClellan Lustron House, and J. P. McKee Lustron House.[11]

During World War II, a prisoner-of-war camp was built and operated holding 253 captured German soldiers on Ocre Avenue.[12] The camp was opened April 6, 1945 and closed March 12, 1946.[13] Many of the prisoners were members of the Afrika Korps.[13]

Economy

The economy of Jackson is driven by the timber industry. Packaging Corporation of America has a paper mill that is the largest employer located in the city.[14]

Education
  • Coastal Alabama Community College
  • Jackson Academy
  • Jackson Middle School
  • Jackson High School
  • Jackson Intermediate
  • Joe M. Gillmore Elementary

Notable people

References
  1. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
  2. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  3. Lossing, Benson (1868). The Pictorial Field-Book of the War of 1812. Harper & Brothers, Publishers. p. 751.
  4. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Jackson city, Alabama". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  5. "Wet Dry County Map". Alabama Alcoholic Beverage Control Board. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  6. "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  7. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013". Archived from the original on May 22, 2014. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
  8. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  9. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  10. "Civil War Cannon in Jackson | Encyclopedia of Alabama". Encyclopedia of Alabama. Retrieved 2017-07-12.
  11. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  12. "Welcome to Clarke County Pamphlet" (PDF). Clarke County Development Foundation. June 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2007-04-25.
  13. Clarke County Historical Marker, N31°31’53.6”W087°53’28.8”
  14. "Clarke County, Alabama Industry".
  15. "Ann Smith Bedsole". Alabama Academy of Honor. Alabama Department of Archives and History. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
  16. "Antonio Chatman". databaseFootball.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 19, 2012.

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