Jōan (era)

Jōan (承安) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Kaō and before Angen. This period spanned the years from April 1171 through July 1175.[1] The reigning emperor was Takakura-tennō (高倉天皇).[2]

History of Japan
List
Paleolithicbefore 14,000 BC
Jōmon14,000 – 1000 BC
Yayoi1000 BC – 300 AD
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Asuka538–710
Nara710–794
Heian794–1185
Kamakura1185–1333
Kenmu Restoration1333–1336
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1573–1603
1603–1868
1868–1912
1912–1926
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1926–1989
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Change of era
  • 1171 Jōan gannen (承安元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kaō 3, on the 21st day of the 4th month of 1171.[3]

Events of the Jōan era
  • 1172 (Jōan 1, 3rd day of the 1st month): The emperor had attained the age of 11 years; accordingly, the hair on his head was shaved as a sign of his coming of age.[4]
  • 1171 (Jōan 1, 13th day of the 1st month): The young emperor made a visit to the home of former-Emperor Go-Shirakawa, where he first met Tiara-no Tokoku, the adopted daughter of Go-Shirakawa and the actual daughter of Taira no Kiomori. He accepted the 15-year-old girl as one of his consorts, and she moved into his palace.[5]
  • 1171 (Jōan 2, 10th day of the 2nd month): Taira Kiyomori's daughter, Tokuko, becomes Emperor Takakura's his secondary empress (chūgo).[6]
  • 1172 (Jōan 2, 10th month): Takakura visited the Fushimi Inari-taisha and the Yasaka Shrine.[7]
  • 1172 (Jōan 2, 12th month): Matsu motofusa ceased to be regent (sesshō) and daijō-daijin; and he obtained the office of kampaku.[8]
  • 1173 (Jōan 3, 1st day of the 4th month): Shinran, founder of Jodo Shinshu, was born and named Matsuwakamaro
  • 1173 (Jōan 3, 4th month): The emperor visited the Iwashimizu Shrine and the Kamo Shrines.[7]
  • 1173 (Jōan 3, 10th month): The emperor's mother, Ken-shun-mon In, founded the Saishōkō Cloister, which was consecrated at a dedication ceremony in which she was a participant.[9]
  • 1174 (Jōan 4, 1st month): The emperor made visits to his father and to his mother.[7]

Notes
  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Jō-an" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 427, p. 427, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
  2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 195-200; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 330-333; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. pp. 212-214.
  3. Brown, p. 332.
  4. Titsingh, p. 196; Brown, 331.
  5. Titsingh, p. 196.
  6. Kitagawa, H. (1975). The Tale of the Heike, p. 783; Titsingh, p. 197.
  7. Titsingh, p. 197.
  8. Titsingh, p. 197; Brown, p. 331.
  9. Titsingh, p. 197, Brown, p. 333.

References
  • Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
  • Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
  • Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764
Preceded by
Kaō		 Era or nengō
Jōan
1171–1175		 Succeeded by
Angen
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