Iridovirus

Iridovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Iridoviridae.[1] Insects serve as natural hosts. There are currently only two species in this genus including the type species Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (IIV-6). IIV-6 is hosted by mosquitos and usually causes covert (inapparent) infection that reduces fitness.[1][2] The remaining species Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 (IIV-31) is hosted by isopods and causes patent (apparent) infection characterised by blue to bluish-purple iridescence and a shortened lifespan.

Iridovirus
TEM micrograph of a cluster of virions
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Varidnaviria
Kingdom: Bamfordvirae
Phylum: Nucleocytoviricota
Class: Megaviricetes
Order: Pimascovirales
Family: Iridoviridae
Subfamily: Betairidovirinae
Genus: Iridovirus
Type species
Invertebrate iridescent virus 6
Species

See text

Taxonomy

Group: dsDNA

[3]

Former species Invertebrate iridescent virus 1 (IIV-1) has been removed from Iridovirus. Its current status is a tentative member of Chloriridovirus.[4]

Structure
Schematic drawings of Iridovirus virions

Viruses in Iridovirus are enveloped, with icosahedral and Polyhedral geometries, and T=147 symmetry. The diameter is around 185 nm. Genomes are linear, around 213kb in length. The genome codes for 211 proteins.[1][2]

GenusStructureSymmetryGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
IridovirusPolyhedralT=147LinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Insects serve as the natural host.[2]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
IridovirusInsectsNoneCell receptor endocytosisLysis; buddingNucleusCytoplasmContact

References
  1. "Iridoviridae". ICTV Online (10th) Report.
  2. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ICTV: Master Species List 2018b.v2, on: ICTVonline: MSL #34 as of February 2019
  4. ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Invertebrate iridescent virus 1 (ZIP)
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