I Know What You Did Last Summer

I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Jim Gillespie, written by Kevin Williamson, and starring Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze Jr.. It is loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan and is the first installment in I Know What You Did Last Summer franchise. The film centers on four young friends who are stalked by a hook-wielding killer one year after covering up a car accident in which they killed a man. The film also draws inspiration from the urban legend known as the Hook, and the 1980s slasher films Prom Night (1980), and The House on Sorority Row (1982).

This article is about the film. For the franchise, see I Know What You Did Last Summer (franchise). For other uses, see I Know What You Did Last Summer (disambiguation).
I Know What You Did Last Summer
Theatrical release poster
Directed byJim Gillespie
Produced by
Screenplay byKevin Williamson
Based onI Know What You Did Last Summer
by Lois Duncan
Starring
Music byJohn Debney
CinematographyDenis Crossan
Edited bySteve Mirkovich
Production
company
Distributed byColumbia Pictures[1]
Release date
  • October 17, 1997 (1997-10-17)[2]
Running time
101 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$17 million[3][4]
Box office$125.3 million[3]

After having written Scream (released the year prior), Williamson was approached to adapt Duncan's source novel by producer Erik Feig. Where Williamson's screenplay for Scream contained prominent elements of satire and self-referentiality, his adaptation of I Know What You Did Last Summer reworked the novel's central plot to resemble a straightforward 1980s-era slasher film.[5]

I Know What You Did Last Summer was released theatrically on October 17, 1997. It received mixed reviews from critics but was commercially successful, grossing $125 million worldwide on a budget of $17 million, and remaining number 1 at the U.S. box office for three consecutive weeks. It was also nominated for and won multiple awards.[6]

The film was followed by two sequels, I Still Know What You Did Last Summer (1998) and I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer (2006). I Know What You Did Last Summer has also been parodied and referenced in popular culture,[7] and credited alongside Scream with revitalizing the slasher genre in the 1990s.[8]

Plot

On the Fourth of July 1996 in Southport, North Carolina, Julie James and her friends Ray Bronson, Helen Shivers, and Barry Cox drive to the beach. While driving along a coastal byway, they accidentally hit a pedestrian. Julie's friend Max passes by them on the road. Julie reassures Max that everything is all right, and he leaves. The group decides to dump the body in the water and never discuss what happened.

A year later in 1997, Julie returns home from college for the summer. The friends have gone their separate ways. Julie receives a letter with no return address, stating, "I know what you did last summer!" Julie tracks down Helen, and they take the note to Barry, who suspects Max. They confront Max on the docks, and Barry threatens him with a hook. Julie meets Ray, who now works as a fisherman; he unsuccessfully tries to reconcile with her. Later, Max is killed by a figure in a rain slicker wielding a hook. Barry discovers a note in his gym locker saying, "I know." He is ambushed by the same assailant driving Barry's car.

Julie researches newspaper articles which lead her to believe the man they ran over was a local named David Egan. Helen and Julie meet with David's sister Missy at her home. Missy explains that their family was devastated by David's death and that a friend of David's named Billy Blue visited her to pay his respects. That night, the killer sneaks into Helen's house, cuts off her hair while she sleeps, and writes "Soon" in lipstick on her vanity mirror.

The following morning, Julie finds Max's corpse wearing Barry's stolen jacket in the trunk of her car. When she calls the others, the body is missing. Julie, Helen, and Barry confront Ray about the recent events. Ray claims to have received a threatening letter as well. Julie goes back to visit Missy, while Barry and Helen participate in the Fourth of July parade. Missy reveals David allegedly committed suicide out of guilt for the death of his girlfriend Susie in a car accident and shows David's suicide note to Julie. As the writing matches that of the note she received, Julie realizes it was not a suicide note, but a death threat.

At the Croaker Beauty Pageant, Helen witnesses Barry being murdered on the balcony. She rushes upstairs with a police officer but finds no sign of the killer or Barry. A police officer escorts Helen home, but the killer lures him into an alley and murders him. Helen flees to her store, where her sister Elsa is closing for the night. The killer enters the store and murders Elsa. Helen is chased to the third floor of the building and escapes through a window, falling to a long alleyway. She runs toward the street, but the killer stops her and slashes her to death, her screams being drowned out by the oncoming parade.

Julie finds an article mentioning Susie's father, Ben Willis, and realizes that Ben was the man they ran over, moments after he killed David to avenge his daughter. She goes to the docks to tell Ray, but he refuses to believe her. Julie notices Ray's boat is called Billy Blue and runs away. A fisherman steps out of the shadows and knocks Ray unconscious, inviting Julie to hide on his boat. On the boat, she finds photos and articles about her friends and her, and pictures of Susie. The boat leaves the docks, and the fisherman is revealed to be Ben Willis, who begins tormenting Julie, chasing her below deck; there, she uncovers the bodies of Helen and Barry in the boat's icebox. Ray regains consciousness and steals a motorboat to rescue Julie. He ultimately uses the rigging to sever Ben's hand and send him overboard. When Julie and Ray are questioned by the police, they deny knowing why Ben attempted to kill them, but are relieved not to have actually killed anyone, and reconcile.

A year later in 1998, Julie is in college in Boston. As she enters the shower, she notices the words "I still know" in the mirror. Moments later, a dark figure crashes through it as Julie screams in horror.

Cast

Production

Development and writing

I Know What You Did Last Summer was a screenplay penned by Kevin Williamson several years beforehand, which was then rushed into production by Columbia Pictures upon the success of the Williamson-written Scream (1996).[9] It was based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan,[10] a youth-oriented suspense novel about four young people who are involved in a hit-and-run accident involving a young boy.[11] Producer Erik Feig pitched the idea of a screen adaptation to Mandalay Entertainment, and subsequently appointed Williamson to retool the core elements of Duncan's novel, rendering a screenplay more akin to a 1980s slasher film.[4][11] Inspired by his father, who had been a commercial fisherman, Williamson changed the setting of the novel to a small fishing village, and made the villain a hook-wielding fisherman.[5]

The killer's arming of himself with a hook is a reference to the urban legend "The Hook," which the four main characters recount at the beginning of the film around a campfire.[11] According to Williamson, he wrote the scene as a way of indicating what was to come: "Basically what I was doing was I was setting the framework to say, 'All right, audience: That's that legend. Now here's a new one.'"[11] Unlike Williamson's screenplay for the film's contemporary, Scream (1996), which incorporated satire of the slasher film, I Know What You Did Last Summer was written more as a straightforward slasher film.[11] Gillespie commented in 2008: "The joy of this film for me as a filmmaker was in taking [the] elements that we've seen before, and saying to the audience: 'Here's something you've seen before'—knowing that they're saying 'We've seen this before'—and still getting them to jump."[11] Gillespie also claimed that he felt Williamson's screenplay did not resemble a "slasher horror movie," and that he saw it rather as simply "a really good story" with a morality tale embedded within it.[11]

Pre-production

According to producer Stokely Chaffin, the producers sought out actors who were "beautiful, but likable."[11] Director Gillespie recalled that, though he had been unfamiliar with the screenplay's source material, that "roughly 60 to 65%" of the young women auditioning had read the novel as children.[12] Jennifer Love Hewitt, who at the time was mainly known for her role on the television series Party of Five, was cast in the lead of Julie James based on her "ability to project vulnerability," which the producers, director Gillespie, and writer Williamson unanimously agreed upon.[11] Initially, Hewitt was considered for the role of Helen.[11] For the role of Barry, the crew had envisioned an actor with a "6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) quarterback" appearance, as the character had been written as an intimidating figure.[11] Ryan Phillipe was ultimately cast in the part based on his audition, despite the fact that he was not as physically tall as the script had called for.[11] Director Gillespie chose Freddie Prinze Jr. for the role of Ray, because he felt Prinze himself had an "everyman" quality much like the character.[11]

Sarah Michelle Gellar was the last of the lead performers to be cast in the role of Helen.[11] Like Hewitt, Gellar was also known to American audiences at the time for her roles in television, primarily as the titular Buffy Summers on Buffy the Vampire Slayer.[11] Gillespie commented on casting Gellar: "I wanted an actress that had a warmth to her, but could still come off as being a bitch."[11] For the supporting role of Missy, Gillespie sought an actress with significant screen presence, as the character, despite appearing in only two scenes, is central to several major plot points.[11] Anne Heche was cast in the role, which she recalled as being two days' worth of work that required her to "be scary."[11]

Filming
The cliff and rock shown at the beginning of the film, shot at Kolmer Gulch near Jenner, California

Scottish director Jim Gillespie was hired to direct the film after being suggested by writer Williamson.[11] Star Hewitt would later state in 2008 that Gillespie was to date her "favorite director [she's] ever worked with."[11] Principal photography began on March 31, 1997[13] and took place over a period of ten weeks[14] throughout the late spring-early summer of 1997.[lower-roman 1] Approximately seven weeks of the ten-week shoot took place at night, which Gillespie says was difficult for the cast and crew, and also created commotion in primary small-town locations in which they shot.[13] Gillespie devised a color scheme with cinematographer Denis Crossan which was marked by heavy blues throughout, and a notable lack of bright colors.[16]

The blind curve where the car accident occurs early in the film, shot at Kolmer Gulch near Jenner, California

For the beginning of the film, coastal areas of Sonoma County, California stood in for North Carolina, where the film is set. The opening shots of the sun setting on a rugged coast were filmed at Kolmer Gulch, just north of the town of Jenner, on Highway 1.[17] The car crash scene was also filmed on Highway 1 in the same area. The scene in which the four friends are seated around a campfire on the beach next to a wrecked boat was inspired by a painting Gillespie had seen in a reference book; to achieve the image, the art department purchased an old boat in Bodega Bay, cut it in half, and placed it at the beach location.[18]

The majority of the film was set in Southport, North Carolina.

The remaining scenes were filmed primarily around the town of Southport, North Carolina.[17] Specific sites included the Amuzu Theater, where the beauty pageant is held, the Old Yacht Basin and Southport Fish Company.[19] Julie's house is on Short Street just north of Southport Marina.[20] The daytime sequences shot on the marina show multiple vessels traversing the water; though real vessels, the boat traffic was orchestrated by a marine traffic coordinator to make the waterway appear lively.[21] The Shivers Department Store setting in the film was discovered on location in Southport by director Gillespie, who was so impressed by the location that he reworked elements of the script in order to incorporate it into the film; it eventually became the primary setting for Helen's extended chase sequence with the killer.[11] The exterior sequences of Julie's Boston college campus were in fact shot at Duke University,[22] while the hospital sequence was filmed at Southport's Dosher Memorial Hospital in an unused wing of the hospital.[23]

The final sequence on the boat was shot on an actual water-bound vessel on the Cape Fear River, which proved difficult for the actors and crew.[11] According to Gillespie, the filmmakers nearly lost the boat while attempting to dock it due to the volatile waters, after which they were forced to leave and shoot other footage until the following day.[11]

Post-production

Gillespie chose to film virtually no onscreen blood as he did not want the film to be overly gratuitous in terms of violence.[13][11] The scene in which Elsa has her throat slashed while standing against a glass door had originally been shot from behind without any blood appearing on the glass. However, producer Feig worried that the scene appeared "medically impossible," after which Gillespie re-shot it (post-principal photography) with a visual effect of blood spattering across the glass.[11] Upon test screenings of the film, Gillespie and the producers decided that a death sequence needed to occur earlier in the film to establish a sense of legitimate danger for the main characters.[11] The scene in which Max is murdered in the crab factory was subsequently filmed and implemented into the final cut to achieve this (in the original script, his character was not killed).[11]

The original ending of the film featured a sequence in which Julie receives an email reading: "I Still Know."[13] This ending was scrapped for the more dramatic ending featured in the final cut of the film, in which Julie finds the same message scrawled on a shower stall just before the killer comes crashing through the glass.[13] This footage was also shot after principal photography, on a soundstage next-door to where Hewitt was filming Party of Five.[24]

Music

The film produced two soundtracks. One of them featured the score composed by John Debney, while the other contained various rock songs found in the film.

I Know What You Did Last Summer: Original Motion Picture Score
Film score by
John Debney
ReleasedOctober 7, 1997
Recorded1997
GenreFilm score
Length50:44
LabelSuper Tracks
I Know What You Did Last Summer: The Album
Soundtrack album by
various artists
ReleasedOctober 7, 1997
Recorded1993 – June 1997
GenreAlternative rock,[25] alternative metal[25]
Length51:14
LabelColumbia
No.TitleArtistLength
1."Hush"Kula Shaker2:55
2."Summer Breeze"Type O Negative4:57
3."D.U.I."The Offspring2:26
4."Kid"Green Apple Quick Step3:17
5."This Ain't the Summer of Love""L73:09
6."Losin' It"Soul Asylum3:01
7."Hey Bulldog"Toad the Wet Sprocket2:31
8."My Baby's Got the Strangest Ways"Southern Culture on the Skids3:59
9."Waterfall"The Din Pedals3:47
10."Clumsy"Our Lady Peace4:27
11."One Hundred Days"Flick3:40
12."Great Life"Goat3:50
13."2Wicky"Hooverphonic4:44
14."Don't Mean Anything"Adam Cohen3:43
15."Proud"Korn3:17

Additional songs featured in the film (but not on a soundtrack):[26]

Release

Marketing

In anticipation of the film's release, distributor Columbia Pictures began a summer marketing campaign that presented the film as being "From the creator of Scream."[13] Miramax Films subsequently filed a lawsuit against Columbia, arguing the claim was inaccurate as the director of Scream was Wes Craven, not Williamson.[13] The week following the film's theatrical release, a federal judge awarded Miramax an injunction requiring that Columbia remove the claim from their advertising campaign.[27] Williamson had requested its removal prior after seeing it on a theater poster.[28]

Miramax won a subsequent lawsuit against Columbia during a March 1998 hearing. In a press release, executive Bob Weinstein noted plans to "vigorously pursue" damage claims against Columbia Pictures for their use of the claim.[28]

Home media

The film was released on DVD by Columbia TriStar Home Video in the US on June 16, 1998. Special features included a theatrical trailer and filmmaker's commentary.[29]

Sony Pictures Home Entertainment released the film on Blu-ray for the first time on July 22, 2008, with additional special features including the director's short film, Joyride.[30] On September 30, 2014, Mill Creek Entertainment re-released the film on Blu-ray as a budget disc, featuring the film alone with no bonus materials.[31]

Reception

Box office

I Know What You Did Last Summer opened theatrically in North America on October 17, 1997.[32] The film had been made on a $17 million budget,[4] yet already in its opening weekend it grossed $15,818,645 in 2,524 theaters in the United States and Canada, ranking number one; it remained in the number one position for an additional two weekends.[32] By the end of its theatrical run in December 1997, it had grossed $72,586,134 in the U.S. and Canada[4] and $53 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $126 million.[3][32]

According to data compiled by Box Office Mojo, I Know What You Did Last Summer is the sixth highest-grossing slasher film as of 2019.[32]

Critical response

The film received mixed reviews upon release, inevitably drawing both positive and negative comparisons to Scream, also written by Williamson. Mick LaSalle thought it inferior to Scream,[33] but Richard Harrington compared it favorably, stating that it was "... a smart, sharply drawn genre film with a moral center and a solid cast of young actors to hold it."[34] Variety was also enthusiastic, calling it a "polished genre piece with superior fright elements that should perform at better than average theatrical levels."[35] Critic Roger Ebert gave the film one of four stars and wrote in his review, "The best shot in this film is the first one. Not a good sign."[36] An Entertainment Weekly columnist praised Hewitt's performance, noting that Hewitt knows how to "scream with soul."[37]

Lawrence Van Gelder of The New York Times wrote of the film: "This isn't real life. It's the Grand Guignol of I Know What You Did Last Summer, laying its claim to succeed Scream as a high-grossing, blood-drenched date-night crowd-pleaser. And why shouldn't it?"[38] James Kendrick of the Q Network wrote that 'Williamson's characters are all generic types, but they're still believable as people and they react realistically according to the situations," adding that the film was "head and shoulders above earlier "dead teenager movies.""[39] TV Guide's Maitland McDonagh awarded the film two out of five stars, noting: "Scream screenwriter Kevin Williamson takes a step back and writes the kind of movie Scream mocks. You can see him now, soaking up videos of Friday the 13th and Halloween—not to mention the lesser likes of He Knows You're Alone, Terror Train, and My Bloody Valentine—and saying, "I can do that!" And he can."[40]

Critic James Berardinelli credited the film (along with Scream) as igniting a new boom of slasher films, adding: "There is one minor aspect of the plot that elevates I Know What You Did Last Summer above the level of a typical '80s slasher flick -- it has an interesting subtext. I'm referring to the way the lives and friendships of these four individuals crumble in the wake of their accident. Guilt, confusion, and doubt build in them until they can no longer stand to be with each other or look at themselves in the mirror. Sadly, this potentially-fascinating element of the movie is dismissed quickly to facilitate a higher body count. And, as I said before, a few extra deaths can only make a slasher movie better, right?"[41]

Film scholar Adam Rockoff notes in his book Going to Pieces: The Rise and Fall of the Slasher Film, 1978–1986 that at the time of its release, many critics branded I Know What You Did Last Summer as an imitation of Scream. However, he contends that it is a "much different film," even in spite of the fact that their respective screenplays were penned by the same writer:

Whereas Scream relied heavily on self-conscious references and its pop culture veneer, Last Summer was a throwback to the slasher films of the early '80s. While, like Scream, it employed the services of a group of young, sexy and almost impossibly good-looking actors, Last Summer played its horror straight. Those looking for a good old-fashioned slasher film were pleasantly surprised.[2]

Lois Duncan, the author of the original novel, heavily criticized the film adaptation, stating in a 2002 interview she was "appalled" that her story was turned into a slasher film.[42][43]

As of October 2020, on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film had a 43% approval rating, based on reviews from 69 critics. The consensus said: "A by-the-numbers slasher that arrived a decade too late, the mostly tedious I Know What You Did Last Summer will likely only hook diehard fans of the genre."[44] As of October 2020, Metacritic reported an aggregate score of 52 out of 100 based on reviews from 17 critics, signifying "mixed or average reviews".[45] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B-" on an A+ to F scale.[46]

Accolades
Year Ceremony Category Nominee Result
1997 ASCAP Award Top Box Office Films John Debney Won
1998 Saturn Award Best Horror Film I Know What You Did Last Summer Nominated
Blockbuster Entertainment Award Favorite Female Newcomer Jennifer Love Hewitt Won
Favorite Actress
Favorite Supporting Actress – Horror Sarah Michelle Gellar
Favorite Actor – Horror Freddie Prinze Jr. Nominated
Favorite Actress – Horror Jennifer Love Hewitt
Favorite Supporting Actor Ryan Phillippe
International Horror Guild Award Best Movie I Know What You Did Last Summer
MTV Movie Awards Best Breakthrough Performance Sarah Michelle Gellar
Young Artist Award Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actress Jennifer Love Hewitt

Other media

Sequels
Main article: I Know What You Did Last Summer (franchise)

The film was followed by I Still Know What You Did Last Summer (1998) and I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer (2006). In the first sequel, Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze Jr., and Muse Watson reprise their roles. The second sequel has very little relation to the first two, other than the premise, the villain, and the producers. It featured new characters and a different setting.

Television

On July 26, 2019, it was announced that Amazon will develop a television series with Neal H. Moritz and James Wan producing, and Shay Hatten writing the pilot.[47] On October 14, 2020, it was announced that Amazon had made a straight-to-series order.[48]

I Know What You Did Last Summer has been referenced in various films and television series, and its central plot was parodied at length in the spoof film Scary Movie (2000).[49]

It was also spoofed in The Simpsons' "Treehouse of Horror X" as “I Know What You Diddily-Iddily-Did”, with Ned Flanders as the killer.[50]

Notes
  1. Gillespie notes in his 1998 audio commentary for the film that the California-shot scenes were filmed in June 1997.[15] In the same commentary, he states that the shoot lasted ten weeks.[14] According to Adam Rockoff, principal photography commenced on March 31, 1997.[13]

References
  1. "I Know What You Did Last Summer". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on June 11, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
  2. Rockoff 2016, p. 182.
  3. "I Know What You Did Last Summer - Box Office Data". The Numbers. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
  4. Harper 2004, p. 26.
  5. Rockoff 2016, p. 183.
  6. "I Know What You Did Last Summer - Awards". Internet Movie Database. Archived from the original on 2019-09-08. Retrieved 2018-07-01.
  7. "Wayans Brothers' Comedy Style A Hit In 'Scary Movie'". Jet. 98: 58. August 14, 2000.
  8. Shary 2012, p. 62.
  9. Susman, Gary (October 17, 2017). "14 Things You Never Know About 'I Know What You Did Last Summer'". MovieFone. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  10. Fahy 2010, p. 248.
  11. Gillis, Michael (prod., dir.) (2008). Now I Know What You Did Last Summer. I Know What You Did Last Summer (Blu-ray) |format= requires |url= (help) (Documentary short). Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.
  12. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:08:46)
  13. Rockoff 2016, p. 184.
  14. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:08:12)
  15. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:10:28)
  16. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:24:27)
  17. "Filming Locations for 'I Know What You Did Last Summer'". Movie-Locations.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  18. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:09:58)
  19. "I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997)". Southport-OakIsland.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  20. "Movies Filmed in Southport, North Carolina". Southport Times. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  21. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:36:57)
  22. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:24:51)
  23. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (0:43:00)
  24. Gillespie & Mirkovich 1998 (1:35:29)
  25. "I Know What You Did Last Summer - Original Soundtrack". AllMusic. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  26. Gillespie, Jim (dir.) (1997). I Know What You Did Last Summer. (End credits). Columbia Pictures.
  27. Karon, Paul (October 20, 1997). "Miramax reigns in court". Variety. Archived from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  28. Bates, James (March 7, 1998). "Miramax Wins 'Scream' Claim Against Sony". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
  29. I Know What You Did Last Summer (DVD) |format= requires |url= (help). Columbia TriStar Home Video. 1998 [1997]. ASIN 6305017115.
  30. I Know What You Did Last Summer (Blu-ray) |format= requires |url= (help). Sony Pictures Home Entertainment. 2008 [1997]. ASIN B0018CWWAU.
  31. I Know What You Did Last Summer (Blu-ray) |format= requires |url= (help). Mill Creek Entertainment. 2014 [1997]. ASIN B00LU4URLC.
  32. "I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on May 31, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  33. Lasalle, Mick (October 17, 1997). "FILM REVIEW -- 'Last Summer' Offers Thrills But No 'Scream' / Story starts strong, but turns formulaic". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on August 20, 2017. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
  34. Harrington, Richard (October 17, 1997). "'Summer' Time: The Living is Deadly". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 16, 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
  35. Elley, Derek (October 13, 1997). "Review:'I Know What You Did Last Summer'". Variety. Archived from the original on September 5, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
  36. Ebert, Roger. "I Know What You Did Last Summer". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on April 8, 2013. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  37. "Movie Review: 'I Know What You Did Last Summer'". Entertainment Weekly. October 24, 1997. Archived from the original on April 29, 2010. Retrieved June 9, 2011.
  38. Van Gelder, Lawrence (October 17, 1997). ""I Know What You Did Last Summer": Creepy Guy, Ghost Stories, Teen-age Sex. Uh-Oh". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
  39. Kendrick, James (1998). "Review: I Know What You Did Last Summer". Q Network. Archived from the original on July 12, 2001.
  40. McDonagh, Maitland. "I Know What You Did Last Summer". TV Guide. Archived from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
  41. Berardinelli, James (1997). "Review: I Know What You Did Last Summer". Reel Views. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007.
  42. "Lois Duncan". 19 July 2016. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  43. Jack Wilhelmi: I Know What You Did Last Summer Movie Was HATED By The Book's Author. Screen Rant, April 18, 2020.
  44. "I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
  45. "I Know What You Did Last Summer". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved August 7, 2011. Accessed October 15, 2020.
  46. "I Know What You Did Last Summer". Cinema Score. Archived from the original on 2018-12-20. Retrieved 2018-08-08. (Requires manual search).
  47. N'Duka, Amanda (July 26, 2019). "James Wan Directing 'I Know What You Did Last Summer' Pilot for Amazon!". Bloody Disgusting. Archived from the original on July 27, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  48. Squires, John (October 14, 2020). "Amazon Orders Up "I Know What You Did Last Summer" Television Series from Producer James Wan!". Bloody Disgusting. Archived from the original on October 15, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
  49. Harper 2004, p. 28.
  50. Murphy 2009, p. 172.

Works cited
  • Fahy, Thomas, ed. (2010). The Philosophy of Horror. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-813-13954-8.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  • Gillespie, Jim; Mirkovich, Steve (1998). I Know What You Did Last Summer: Audio commentary (DVD). Columbia TriStar Home Video.
  • Harper, Jim (2004). Legacy of Blood: A Comprehensive Guide to Slasher Movies. Critical Vision. ISBN 978-1-900-48639-2.
  • Murphy, Bernice (2009). The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-21810-9.
  • Rockoff, Adam (2016). Going to Pieces: The Rise and Fall of the Slasher Film, 1978–1986. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-786-49192-6.
  • Shary, Timothy (2012). Teen Movies: American Youth on Screen. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-50160-6.
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