House of Al Sabah

The House of Al Sabah (Arabic: آل صباح‎ Āl Ṣubāḥ) is the ruling family of Kuwait.

For other uses, see Sabah (disambiguation).

Kuwait
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House of Al Sabah
آل صباح
Emblem and Flag of Kuwait
Parent houseBani Utbah
CountryKuwait
Foundedc. 1752
FounderSabah I
Current headNawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber
Titles
TraditionsIslam (Sunni)

History

The family originated from the Jamil branch of the Anza family[1] and part of the Utub federation.

They lived in Al Hadar and Al Aflage in Najd until they were drove out of the region by their cousins.[1] Then they settled in south Kuwait, namely the Qurain region, in around 1714.[1]

Emir

The Emir of Kuwait is the head of state. He is nominated by a family council headed by prominent members of the family. The National Assembly has the constitutional right to approve and disapprove of an Emir's appointment under Article 4 of the Constitution of Kuwait, therefore the parliament has the authority to remove an Emir from his post. The parliament effectively removed Saad al-Sabah from his post in 2006 due to his illness.

Crown Prince

The crown prince has to be a senior member of the House. He is nominated by a family council headed by prominent members of the family. The appointment of a crown prince requires approval by an absolute majority of the members of the Kuwaiti parliament, the National Assembly. If the new crown prince fails to win approval from the National Assembly, the Emir submits three eligible members of the family for consideration, and the National Assembly selects one to be the crown prince. The National Assembly also determines the Emir's salary.[2]

Rulers

Dean of the House

Governing branches

Succession to the throne of Kuwait is limited to the descendants of Mubarak Al-Sabah. The reigning emir must appoint an heir apparent within one year of his accession to the throne; the nomination needs approval by the majority of members of Kuwait's parliament, the National Assembly. If the new crown prince fails to win approval from the National Assembly, the Emir submits three eligible members of the family for consideration, and the National Assembly selects one to be the crown prince.

The Crown Prince has to be a senior member of the House of Sabah. The position of Emir is also traditionally alternated between the two main branches of the House of Sabah, the Al-Ahmed and Al-Salem branches. The Prime Minister is appointed by the Emir, however the appointment of the prime minister requires approval from the majority of members of the National Assembly parliament.

Chieftain Sheikhs of the House of Sabah have been leading the Military of Kuwait since the early establishment of defense infantry and cavalry forces.[5][6][7] Since the forming of the first cabinet on 17 January 1962, all three of the defense ministry, interior ministry and ministry of foreign affairs of Kuwait have been led by members of the House of Sabah.[8] By government protocol, defense, interior and foreign affairs ministers are deputy prime ministers of Kuwait; unlike the defense protocol minister of the Kuwait National Guard.

Lineage
Sabah I,
1st Ruler Sheikh (1716–1762)
Abdullah I,
2nd Ruler Sheikh (1762–1814)
Jaber I,
3rd Ruler Sheikh (1814–1859)
Sabah II,
4th Ruler Sheikh (1859–1866)
Abdullah II,
5th Ruler Sheikh (1866–1892)		Mohammed,
6th Ruler Sheikh (1892–1896)		Mubarak,
Mubarak The Great
7th Ruler Sheikh (1896–1915)
Jaber II,
8th Ruler Sheikh (1915–1917)		Salem,
9th Ruler Sheikh (1917–1921)
Ahmad,
10th Ruler Sheikh (1921–1950)		Abdullah III,
11th Ruler, 1st Emir (1950–1965)
1st Prime Minister		Sabah III,
12th Ruler, 2nd Emir (1965–1977)
1st Foreign Minister
2nd Prime Minister
Mohammed Ahmad Jaber II,
1st Defense Minister		Jaber III,
13th Ruler, 3rd Emir, (1977–2006)
3rd Prime Minister		Sabah IV,
15th Ruler, 5th Emir, (2006–2020)
2nd Foreign Minister
2nd Interior Minister
5th Prime Minister		Nawaf I,
16th Ruler, 6th Emir, (2020–present)
3rd and 8th Interior Minister
4th Defense Minister
1st National Guard Deputy		Mishal,
Crown Prince, (2020–present)
2nd National Guard Deputy		Saad,
14th Ruler, 4th Emir, 2006
1st Interior Minister
2nd Defense Minister
4th Prime Minister		Salem
4th Interior Minister
3rd and 7th Defense Minister		Mohammad Al-Sabah,
3rd Foreign Minister
Nasser,
6th Prime Minister		Nasser,
13th Defense Minister

See also

References
  1. Hamad Ibrahim Abdul Rahman Al Tuwaijri (1996). "Political power and rule in Kuwait" (PhD Thesis). Glasgow University. p. 6. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  2. Robert F. Worth (2008). "In Democracy Kuwait Trusts, but Not Much". New York Times.
  3. "KUWAIT NATIONAL GUARD - الحرس الوطني الكويتي -". kng.gov.kw.
  4. "Kuwait National Guard - الحرس الوطني الكويتي -". kng.gov.kw. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  5. "Kuwait National Guard - الحرس الوطني الكويتي -". kng.gov.kw. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  6. YouTube. youtube.com.
  7. "Kuwait National Guard - الحرس الوطني الكويتي -". kng.gov.kw. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  8. "Nine ministers headed Interior Ministry since Kuwaits independence". KUNA. 7 February 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2013.

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