Horní Planá

Horní Planá ([ˈɦorɲiː ˈplanaː] (listen), German: Oberplan) is a town in Český Krumlov District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants.

Horní Planá
Town
View from Lipno reservoir
Flag
Coat of arms
Horní Planá
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 48°46′3″N 14°1′57″E
Country Czech Republic
RegionSouth Bohemian
DistrictČeský Krumlov
First mentioned1349
Government
 • MayorJiří Hůlka
Area
 • Total99.26 km2 (38.32 sq mi)
Elevation
776 m (2,546 ft)
Population
 (2020-01-01[1])
 • Total2,080
 • Density21/km2 (54/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
382 26
Websitewww.horniplana.cz

Geography
Town centre

The town is situated in the Bohemian Forest on the southeastern rim of the Šumava National Park, located on the northern shore of the Lipno Reservoir, south of the Boletice Military Training Area. Its picturesque setting, already perpetuated by the native poet Adalbert Stifter (1805–1868), makes it a popular destination for daytrippers. Beyond the Lipno reservoir, a densely forested area with several abandoned villages stretches up to the Vltava-Danube drainage divide (part of the main European Watershed) and the border with Austria at a distance of about 7 km (4 mi).

History

Horní Planá was part of the estates of Zlatá Koruna Abbey, founded by the Přemyslid king Ottokar II in 1263. It was vested with market rights by King Charles IV in 1349. Secularised during the Hussite Wars in 1420, it was incorporated into the Lordship of Český Krumlov, then held by the House of Rosenberg. The Rosenberg insignia were adopted in the town's coat of arms, awarded by the Holy Roman emperor and King of Bohemia Maximilian II in 1568.

The town received access to the United Bohemian Forest railway line from České Budějovice to the Černý Kříž railhub in 1892. Until 1945 the local population predominantly consisted of Sudeten Germans.

In October 1938, the Donau-Zeitung reported about the German Oberst Schlemmer and his Gebirgsjägerregiment 100 crossing into Glöckelberg, six km from Oberplan. Shortly before 2 pm, Generaloberst Leeb, commander of XIII. Armeekorps, and Ritter von Schubert, commander of VII Armeekorps, arrived by car to cross the border right in front of these men.[2] Oberplan was annexed by Nazi Germany upon the 1938 Munich Agreement and incorporated into the Reichsgau Oberdonau.

In May 1945, US troops under command of Major General Stafford LeRoy Irwin captured the community.[3] After World War II, it was restored to the Czechoslovak Republic, while the remaining German population was expelled.

Notable people
Adalbert Stifter's birthplace

References
  1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2020". Czech Statistical Office. 2020-04-30.
  2. Anna Rosmus Hitlers Nibelungen, Samples Grafenau 2015, p. 185
  3. Anna Rosmus Hitlers Nibelungen, Samples Grafenau 2015, p. 185
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