HMS Renown (1798)

HMS Renown was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy.[2] She was to have been named HMS Royal Oak, but the name was changed to Renown on 15 February 1796. She was launched at Deptford Wharf on 2 May 1798[2] and served in 1800-1801 as the flagship of Sir John Borlase Warren, initially in the English Channel.

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Renown and HMS Royal Oak.

History
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Renown
Ordered: 10 June 1795
Builder: Dudman, Deptford Wharf
Laid down: November 1796
Launched: 2 May 1798
Renamed: HMS Royal Oak, 1814
Honours and
awards:		 Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Egypt"[1]
Fate: Broken up, May 1835
Notes: Harbour service from 1814
General characteristics [2]
Class and type: America-class ship of the line
Tons burthen: 1899 (bm)
Length: 182 ft (55 m) (gundeck)
Beam: 48 ft 7 1⁄2 in (14.8 m)
Depth of hold: 21 ft 7 in (6.58 m)
Sail plan: Full-rigged ship
Armament:
  • Gundeck: 28 ×  32-pounder guns
  • Upper gundeck: 30 ×  18-pounder guns
  • QD: 12 ×  9-pounder guns
  • Fc: 4 ×  9-pounder guns

Service history

On 1 July 1800, Renown, Fisgard and Defence, with the hired armed cutter Lord Nelson in company, were in Bourneuf Bay when they sent in their boats to attack a French convoy at Île de Noirmoutier.[3] The British destroyed the French ship Therese (of 20 guns), a lugger (12 guns), two schooners (6 guns each) and a cutter (6 guns), of unknown names. The cutting out party also burned some 15 merchant vessels loaded with corn and supplies for the French fleet at Brest. However, in this enterprise, 92 officers and men out of the entire party of 192 men, fell prisoners to the French when their boats became stranded. Lord Nelson had contributed no men to the attacking force and so had no casualties.[3][Note 1]

Next, Renown participated in an abortive invasion of Ferrol. On 29 August, in Vigo Bay, Admiral Sir Samuel Hood assembled a cutting-out party from the vessels under his command consisting of two boats each from Amethyst, Stag, Amelia, Brilliant and Cynthia, four boats from Courageaux, as well as the boats from Renown, London and Impetueux. The party went in and after a 15-minute fight captured the French privateer Guêpe, of Bordeaux and towed her out. She was of 300 tons burthen and had a flush deck. Pierced for 20 guns, she carried eighteen 9-pounders, and she and her crew of 161 men were under the command of Citizen Dupan. In the attack she lost 25 men killed, including Dupan, and 40 wounded. British casualties amounted to four killed, 23 wounded and one missing.[5][Note 2] In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "29 Aug. Boat Service 1800" to all surviving claimants from the action.[7]

She then served at the abortive attack on Cadiz.

Armed en flute, she transferred to the Mediterranean in 1801, still as Warren's flagship. During this time Charles John Napier, the future admiral, was a midshipman in her. Because Renown served in the navy's Egyptian campaign (8 March to 2 September 1801), her officers and crew qualified for the clasp "Egypt" to the Naval General Service Medal that the Admiralty issued in 1847 to all surviving claimants.

In 1803 she was at Malta and in 1805 was under repair at Plymouth. After a further spell in the Channel Fleet (1807-8), she transferred again to the Mediterranean.

In 1809, she took part in the Battle of Maguelone.[8]

Fate

Renown was laid up at Plymouth in 1811 and hulked in 1814. She was broken up in May 1835.[2]

Renown in fiction

In the Horatio Hornblower novels of C. S. Forester, a ship of the line named the Renown (unrelated to the historical Renown of this period), is featured in the novel Lieutenant Hornblower. In the story, the ship's mad captain is injured after falling through a hatch, and the junior officers must take over on adventures in the West Indies. The mysterious circumstances of the Captain's fall become of great importance to the court martial panel later on in the story. In Hornblower (TV series) this story was related in the fifth and sixth episodes, Mutiny and Retribution.

Notes, citations, and references

Notes
  1. She did share in the head money with seaman receiving 3s 11¾d, and her commander receiving £85 15s 1d, in 1825.[4]
  2. A first-class share of the prize money was worth £42 19s 6½d; a fifth-class share, that of a seaman, was worth 1s 9½d.[6]

Citations
  1. "No. 21077". The London Gazette. 15 March 1850. pp. 791–792.
  2. Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p185.
  3. Debritt (1801), p.37.
  4. "No. 18160". The London Gazette. 30 July 1825. p. 1337.
  5. "No. 15292". The London Gazette. 9 September 1800. p. 1029.
  6. "No. 15434". The London Gazette. 8 December 1801. p. 1466.
  7. "No. 20939". The London Gazette. 26 January 1849. p. 246.
  8. Troude, Onésime-Joachim (1867). Batailles navales de la France (in French). 4. Challamel ainé. pp. 56–58.

References
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