HMS Orpheus (1780)

History
UK
Name:	HMS Orpheus
Ordered:	2 October 1778
Builder:	Adams & Barnard, Deptford
Laid down:	7 July 1779
Launched:	3 June 1780
Completed:	By 15 July 1780
Fate:	Wrecked on 23 January 1807
General characteristics
Class and type:	32-gun fifth-rate Amazon-class frigate (1773) frigate
Tons burthen:	68866⁄94 (bm)
Length:	126 ft 4 in (38.5 m) (overall); 104 ft 8 in (31.9 m) (keel);
Beam:	35 ft 2 1⁄4 in (10.7 m)
Depth of hold:	12 ft (3.7 m)
Sail plan:	Full-rigged ship
Complement:	220
Armament:	Upper deck: 26 x 12-pounder guns; QD: 4 x 6-pounder guns + 4 x 18-pounder carronades; Fc: 2 x 6-pounder guns + 2 x 18-pounder carronades;

HMS Orpheus was a 32–gun fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1780, and served for more than a quarter of a century, before she was wrecked in 1807.[1][2]

American War of Independence

On 14 April 1781, Orpheus and HMS Roebuck captured the USS Confederacy off the Delaware. The Royal Navy briefly took her into service as HMS Confederate.[3]

French Revolutionary Wars

On 5 May 1794, Orpheus captured the French frigate Duguay Trouin, the former East Indiaman Princess Royal, which the French had captured on 27 September 1793.

On 22 June 1796 Orpheus was in the Straits of Banca, where she captured the Dutch brig Harlingen. The British took Harlingen into service as HMS Amboyna.

In August 1797 Orpheus was reported as being in Madras and Captain William Hill was appointed commander.

Napoleonic Wars

On 16 April 1806, Orpheus, Captain Thomas Briggs, was in company with the revenue cutter Badger. They shared in the proceeds of the capture of two merchant vessels, Vrou Fingina and Vyf Gesusters.[Note 1]

Fate

Orpheus, under the command of Captain Thomas Briggs, arrived off Jamaica from England in the evening of 22 January 1807. Being short of water, Briggs decided to try to sail her into Port Royal, rather than wait for a pilot. Around midnight Orpheus grounded on a reef that was not accurately marked on her charts. Efforts to lighten her failed and she took on water. When the water reached her main deck, the crew took to the boats, abandoning her.[5]

Notes, citations and references

Notes

Prize money was paid in June 1815. A first-class share was worth £77 0s 1d; a fifth-class share, that of a seaman, was worth 10s 1½d.[4]

Citations

Winfield. British Warships in the Age of Sail. p. 203.
Colledge. Ships of the Royal Navy. p. 252.
Winfield p.218
"No. 17020". The London Gazette. 6 June 1815. p. 1081.
Hepper (1994), p. 116.

References

Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
Hepper, David J. (1994). British Warship Losses in the Age of Sail, 1650-1859. Rotherfield: Jean Boudriot. ISBN 0-948864-30-3.
Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714–1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 1-86176-295-X.

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[5] Prize money was paid in June 1815. A first-class share was worth £77 0s 1d; a fifth-class share, that of a seaman, was worth 10s 1½d.[4]

[Winfield-1] Winfield. British Warships in the Age of Sail. p. 203.

[Colledge-2] Colledge. Ships of the Royal Navy. p. 252.

[3] Winfield p.218

[4] "No. 17020". The London Gazette. 6 June 1815. p. 1081.

[6] Hepper (1994), p. 116.