Gushi County

Gushi (Chinese: 固始; pinyin: Gùshǐ) is a county of 1,023,857 people directly governed by Henan province, People's Republic of China. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Xinyang.

For other uses, see Gushi.
Gushi County

固始县

Kushih
North gate of Xiushui Park
Gushi County
Location in Henan
Coordinates: 32°11′N 115°40′E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHenan
Prefecture-level cityXinyang
Area
 • City2,916 km2 (1,126 sq mi)
 • Water71.8 km2 (27.7 sq mi)  2.44%
 • Urban
35.03 km2 (13.53 sq mi)
Highest elevation
1,025 m (3,363 ft)
Lowest elevation
23 m (75 ft)
Population
 (2019)[2]
 • City1,102,500
 • Density380/km2 (980/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
465200
Area code(s)0376
Administrative division code419009
Websitegsxzf.gov.cn
Gushi County
"Gushi" in Chinese
Chinese固始
PostalKushi
Literal meaning"a Solid Start"

With a total area of 2942.97 square kilometers and a registered population of 1781500 at the end of 2018, it is the county with the largest registered population in Henan Province.

Administration

Gushi has 3 subdistricts, 17 towns and 13 townships.

Map Subdistricts Towns Townships
Subdivision Chinese Subdivision Chinese Subdivision Chinese
1 Liaocheng 蓼城街道 4 Chenlinzi 陈淋子镇 21 Hongbu 洪埠乡
2 Xiushui 秀水街道 5 Liji 黎集镇 22 Yangji 杨集乡
3 Pancheng 番城街道 6 Jiangji 蒋集镇 23 Magangji 马堽集乡
7 Wangliu 往流镇 24 Caomiaoji 草庙集乡
8 Guolutan 郭陆滩镇 25 Nandaqiao 南大桥乡
9 Huzupu 胡族铺镇 26 Zhaogang 赵岗乡
10 Fangji 方集镇 27 Zhanglaobu 张老埠乡
11 Sanhejian 三河尖镇 28 Shahepu 沙河铺乡
12 Duanji 段集镇 29 Xuji 徐集乡
13 Wangpeng 汪棚镇 30 Lidian 李店乡
14 Zhangguangmiao 张广庙镇 31 Fenggang 丰港乡
15 Chenji 陈集镇 32 Liushudian 柳树店乡
16 Wumiaoji 武庙集镇 33 Guantang 观堂乡
17 Fenshuiting 分水亭镇
18 Shifodian 石佛店镇
19 Quanhepu 泉河铺镇
20 Zushimiao 祖师庙镇

History
A set of bronze Niu-bells (Bianzhong) with inscriptions in Spring and Autumn Period excavated from Tomb 1, Hougudui.

Gushi County was the capital of one of the two States of Liao during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history (771–436 BCE).

Geography

Climate
Climate data for Gushi
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 6
(43)		 10
(50)		 13
(55)		 19
(66)		 24
(75)		 30
(86)		 33
(91)		 31
(88)		 26
(79)		 21
(70)		 14
(57)		 8
(46)		 20
(67)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2
(36)		 5
(41)		 9
(48)		 14
(57)		 20
(68)		 25
(77)		 29
(84)		 27
(81)		 22
(72)		 16
(61)		 9
(48)		 4
(39)		 15
(59)
Average low °C (°F) −2
(28)		 0
(32)		 5
(41)		 10
(50)		 16
(61)		 21
(70)		 25
(77)		 23
(73)		 18
(64)		 11
(52)		 5
(41)		 0
(32)		 11
(52)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 30.7
(1.21)		 40.3
(1.59)		 67.8
(2.67)		 96.6
(3.80)		 106.8
(4.20)		 142.6
(5.61)		 228.3
(8.99)		 123.8
(4.87)		 90.3
(3.56)		 63.5
(2.50)		 48.0
(1.89)		 27.6
(1.09)		 1,066.3
(41.98)
Average relative humidity (%) 68 71 77 78 77 75 78 81 79 71 78 76 76
Mean monthly sunshine hours 140.1 131.3 146.2 165.8 206.8 222.6 226.9 234.5 172.8 183.1 156.7 152.4 2,139.2
Source: Chorography of Gushi & Weatherbase[3][4]

Demographic
Population of Gushi since the 14th century
Ancient times
YearPop.±%
139271,082—    
141270,420−0.9%
145277,612+10.2%
146278,570+1.2%
147273,531−6.4%
147552,038−29.2%
148248,417−7.0%
149252,075+7.6%
150250,451−3.1%
151252,180+3.4%
152252,500+0.6%
153252,136−0.7%
154242,160−19.1%
159653,889+27.8%
1777318,942+491.8%
20th century and after
YearPop.±%
1935523,950—    
1945529,034+1.0%
1950705,430+33.3%
1955754,734+7.0%
1960702,784−6.9%
1965814,277+15.9%
1970989,300+21.5%
19751,148,370+16.1%
19801,217,817+6.0%
19851,263,694+3.8%
19901,363,100+7.9%
19951,465,100+7.5%
20001,529,400+4.4%
20051,566,100+2.4%
20101,722,000+10.0%
20131,734,100+0.7%
Source:[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

Gushi is the most-populous county in the Henan Province, with an estimated record high of 1,734,100 citizens with registration as of 2013, according to the 2013 annual statistics report. As of the sixth national census in 2010, there are 1,023,857 residents living inside the county, showing that nearly half of the population moved out of the county without changing their residents registration status.

In 2010, the county had a population density of 348 people per square kilometer (901/mi²).

Transportation

The Nanjing–Xi'an Railway along as G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway passing through the southern side of Gushi from the east to the west, connect the county with Xinyang and Hefei. A branch line, S39 Huaibin-Gushi Expressway links the county seat to the national expressway network from north to south. One major railway station located in the Town of Duanji in the southern part of the county and three intersections of the expressways have connections with local roads in the central and southern area. The national highway network, connecting other counties in this region, consists of three different routes: Line 220, Line 312 and Line 328. In the north border to Anhui, Huai River flowing from the west to the east serves as a class III Waterway.

Notable people

References
  1. 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  2. 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  3. Chorography of Gushi(Chinese:固始县志) (in Chinese). Zhengzhou: Central China Ancient Books Publishing House(Chinese:中州古籍出版社). 1992. p. 116. ISBN 7-5348-1232-1.
  4. "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gushi, China". Weatherbase. 2009.
  5. 固始县志 & 嘉靖, 民物志第四·户口
  6. 固始县志 & 顺治, 卷之四·户口
  7. （五八）固始. 河南统计月报 (in Chinese). 开封: 河南省政府秘书处. 2 (7): 129–134. 1936. Archived from the original on 2013-04-25. Retrieved 2012-01-01.
  8. 固始县志 1992, p. 131
  9. 河南统计年鉴1991 (in Chinese). 北京: 中国统计出版社. 1991. ISBN 7-5037-0589-2.
  10. 河南统计年鉴1996 (in Chinese). 北京: 中国统计出版社. 1996. ISBN 7-5037-3508-2.
  11. 河南统计年鉴2001 (in Chinese). 北京: 中国统计出版社. 2001. ISBN 7-5037-3508-2.
  12. 河南统计年鉴2006 (in Chinese). 北京: 中国统计出版社. 2006. ISBN 7-5037-4899-0.
  13. 河南统计年鉴2011 (in Chinese). 北京: 中国统计出版社. 2011. ISBN 978-7-5037-6303-8.
  14. 河南统计年鉴2014 (in Chinese). 北京: 中国统计出版社. 2014.
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