Graphium (fungus)

Graphium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Sordariomycetes
Order:	Microascales
Family:	Microascaceae
Genus:	Graphium; Corda (1837)
Type species
	Graphium penicillioides; Corda (1837)
Species
	Many species, including:; G. rubrum; G. rigidum
Synonyms[1]
	Ceratopodium Corda (1837); Phialographium H.P.Upadhyay & W.B.Kendr. (1974);

Graphium is a genus of fungi in the family Microascaceae.[2] Many species are known as plant pathogens. Graphium belongs to the group hyphomycetes and has about 20 species. They are found in soil, plant debris, woody substrate, manure, and polluted water. The sporulating structures of Graphium form synnema, which are a gathering of conidiophores into a sort of flower bouquet. Graphium spp. are recognized by their distinctive, erect, black synnemata, each bearing a single, terminal, ball of one-celled, hyaline conidia produced from annellides.

Species:

Graphium aphthosae
Graphium pallescens
Graphium rigidum
Graphium samogiticum

References

"Synonymy: Graphium Corda". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2016-11-14.
Schoch CL; Sung G-H; López-Giráldez F; et al. (2009). "The Ascomycota tree of life: A phylum-wide phylogeny clarifies the origin and evolution of fundamental reproductive and ecological traits". Systematic Biology. 58 (2): 224–239. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp020. PMID 20525580.

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[Species_Fungorum_synonymy-1] "Synonymy: Graphium Corda". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2016-11-14.

[Schoch2009-2] Schoch CL; Sung G-H; López-Giráldez F; et al. (2009). "The Ascomycota tree of life: A phylum-wide phylogeny clarifies the origin and evolution of fundamental reproductive and ecological traits". Systematic Biology. 58 (2): 224–239. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp020. PMID 20525580.