Glomerales

Glomerales is an order of symbiotic fungi within the phylum Glomeromycota.

Glomerales
Temporal range: 460–0 Ma
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Glomeromycota
Class: Glomeromycetes
Order: Glomerales
Morton & Benny, 1990[1]
Families and genera

Glomeraceae

  • Funneliformis
    • Funneliformis caledonius
    • Funneliformis coronatus
    • Funneliformis mosseae
  • Glomus
    • Glomus cerebriforme
    • Glomus macrocarpum
  • Palaeoglomus↑
    • Palaeoglomus boullardi↑
    • Palaeoglomus grayi†
    • Palaeoglomus strotheri†
  • Rhizophagus
  • Sclerocystis
  • Septoglomus
    • Septoglomus constrictum

Claroideoglomeraceae

  • Claroideoglomus
    • Claroideoglomus claroideum
    • Claroideoglomus drummondii
    • Claroideoglomus etunicatum
    • Claroideoglomus luteum
    • Claroideoglomus walkeri
Synonyms

Glomales

Biology

These fungi are all biotrophic mutualists. Most employ the arbuscular mycorrhizal method of nutrient exchange with plants. They produce large (.1-.5mm) spores (azygospores and chlamydospores) with thousands of nuclei.[2]

Phylogeny

All members of their phylum were once thought to be related to the Endogonaceae, but have been found through molecular sequencing data, to be a closer relation to the Dikarya.[3] Their fossil record extends back to the Ordovician period (460 million years ago).[2]

Orthography

The family name Glomeraceae upon which this order level name is based, was incorrectly spelled 'Glomaceae', hence the order name was incorrectly spelled 'Glomales'. Both are correctable errors, to Glomeraceae and Glomerales, as governed by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. The incorrect spellings are commonplace in the literature, unfortunately.

See also

References
  1. J.B. Morton (1990). "Revised classification of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Zycomycetes): a new order, Glomales, two new families, Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporaceae, with an emendation of Glomaceae". Mycotaxon. 37: 473.
  2. C.J. Alexopolous, C.W. Mims & M. Blackwell (2004). Introductory Mycology (4th ed.). Hoboken NJ: John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-52229-5.
  3. A. Schüßler; et al. (December 2001). "A new fungal phylum, the Glomeromycota: phylogeny and evolution". Mycol. Res. 105 (12): 1413–1421. doi:10.1017/S0953756201005196.
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