Gibraltar pound

The Gibraltar pound (currency sign: £; banking code: GIP) is the currency of Gibraltar. It is pegged to – and exchangeable with – the British pound sterling at par value. Coins and banknotes of the Gibraltar pound are minted or printed by the Government of Gibraltar.[2]

Gibraltar pound
Gibraltar £100 banknote (obverse)Gibraltar £5 banknote (reverse)
ISO 4217
CodeGIP
Denominations
Subunit
 1/100Penny
PluralPounds
 PennyPence
Symbol£
 Pennyp
Banknotes
 Freq. used£5, £10, £20, £50
 Rarely used£100
Coins1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p,
£1, £2, £5
Demographics
Official user(s) Gibraltar (alongside pound sterling)
Unofficial user(s) La Línea, Spain (local businesses)[1]
Issuance
GovernmentGovernment of Gibraltar
 Websitewww.gibraltar.gov.gi
Valuation
Inflation0.0%, February 2015.
 SourceThe World Factbook, 2005
Pegged withpound sterling at par

History
Main article: Gibraltar real

Until 1872, the currency situation in Gibraltar was complicated, with a system based on the real being employed which encompassed British, Spanish and Gibraltarian coins. From 1825, the real (actually the Spanish real de plata) was tied to the pound at the rate of 1 Spanish dollar to 4 shillings 4 pence (equivalent to 21.67 pence today). In 1872, however, the Spanish currency became the sole legal tender in Gibraltar.[3] In 1898, the Spanish–American War made the Spanish peseta drop alarmingly and the pound was introduced as the sole currency of Gibraltar, initially in the form of British coins and banknotes.

In 1898, the British pound was made sole legal tender, although the Spanish peseta continued in circulation until the Spanish Civil War.[3] Since 1927, Gibraltar has issued its own banknotes and, since 1988, its own coins. Gibraltar decimalised in 1971 at the same time as the UK, replacing the system of 1 pound = 20 shillings = 240 pence with one of 1 pound = 100 (new) pence.

Relationship with the British pound

The since repealed Currency Notes Act 1934,[4] conferred on the Government of Gibraltar the right to print its own notes.

Notes issued are either backed by Bank of England notes at a rate of one to one, or can be backed by securities issued by the Government of Gibraltar.[5] Although Gibraltar notes are denominated in "pounds sterling", they are not legal tender anywhere in the United Kingdom. Gibraltar's coins are the same weight, size and metal as British coins, although the designs are different, and they are occasionally found in circulation across Britain.

Under the Currency Notes Act 2011[5] the notes and coins issued by the Government of Gibraltar are legal tender and current coin within Gibraltar. British coins and Bank of England notes also circulate in Gibraltar and are universally accepted and interchangeable with Gibraltarian issues.

Coins
1 pound
Obverse Reverse

In 1988, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 pence and 1 pound were introduced which bore specific designs for and the name of Gibraltar. They were the same sizes and compositions as the corresponding British coins, with 2 pound coins introduced in 1999. A new coin of 5 pounds was issued in 2010 with the inscription "Elizabeth II · Queen of Gibraltar".[6] This issue caused controversy in Spain, where the title of King of Gibraltar historically corresponds to the crown of Castile.[7]

Depiction of Gibraltar coinage | Reverse side
£0.01 £0.02 £0.05
Barbary partridge
Europa Point Lighthouse
Barbary macaque and
Gibraltar candytuft
£0.10 £0.20 £0.50
Europort
Our Lady of Europe
Bottlenose dolphins
£1.00 £2.00
Fortress and Key
Pillars of Hercules

The £2 coin has featured a new design every year since its introduction, as it depicts each of the 12 Labours of Hercules.

Tercentenary edition

In 2004 the Government of Gibraltar minted a new edition of its coins to commemorate the tercentenary of British Gibraltar (1704-2004).

£0.01 £0.02 £0.05
Barbary macaque
Keys of Gibraltar
Constitution Order (1969)
£0.10 £0.20 £0.50
Operation Torch (1942)
Discovery of Neanderthal
skull in Gibraltar (1848)
Battle of Trafalgar (1805)
£1.00 £2.00
Great Siege of Gibraltar
(1779-1783)
Capture of Gibraltar
(1704)
Third series of Gibraltar coinage | Reverse side
£0.01 £0.02 £0.05
Constitution Order (1969)
Operation Torch (1942)
Barbary ape
£0.10 £0.20 £0.50
The Great Siege (1779-1783)
The Keys of Gibraltar
Our Lady of Europe
£1.00 £2.00 £5.00
Discovery of the Neanderthal Skull in Gibraltar (1848)
Battle of Trafalgar (1805)
Rock of Gibraltar
Fourth series of Gibraltar coinage | Reverse side
£0.01 £0.02 £0.05
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum"
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum"
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum"
£0.10 £0.20 £0.50
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum" (1779-1783)
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum"
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum"
£1.00
Coat of arms of Gibraltar with inscription "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Referendum" (1848)

Banknotes

At the outbreak of World War I, Gibraltar was forced to issue banknotes to prevent paying out sterling or gold. These notes were issued under emergency wartime legislation, Ordinance 10 of 1914. At first the typeset notes were signed by hand by Treasurer Greenwood, though he later used stamps. The notes bore the embossed stamp of the Anglo-Egyptian Bank Ltd. and circulated alongside British Territory notes.[8] The 1914 notes were issued in denominations of 2/-, 10/-, £1, £5 and £50. The 2/- and £50 notes were not continued when a new series of notes was introduced in 1927. The 10/- note was replaced by the 50p coin during the process of decimalization. In 1975, £10 and £20 notes were introduced, followed by £50 in 1986. The £1 note was discontinued in 1988. In 1995, a new series of notes was introduced which, for the first time, bore the words "pounds sterling" rather than just "pounds". The government of Gibraltar introduced a new series of banknotes beginning with the £10 and £50 notes issued on July 8, 2010. On May 11, 2011, the £5, £20 and £100 notes were issued.[9]

Circulating banknotes 2010-2011 Issue
ImageDenominationDimensionsDominant colourDescription
ObverseReverseObverseReverse
£5133 × 70 mmGreenQueen Elizabeth II,
Coat of Arms of Castle with Key		Upper Ward and Tower of Homage of the Moorish castle
£10141 × 75 mmBlueQueen Elizabeth II,
Coat of Arms of Castle with Key		Artist John Trumbull’s “The Sortie Made by the Garrison of Gibraltar” depicting Spanish and English troops fighting and General George Eliott with officers attending to the dying Don José de Barboza during the Great Siege of Gibraltar, 1779–83;
£20150 × 80 mmOrangeQueen Elizabeth II,
Coat of Arms of Castle with Key		HMS Victory returning to Gibraltar being towed by HMS Neptune after the Battle of Trafalgar
£50157 × 85 mmRedQueen Elizabeth II,
Coat of Arms of Castle with Key		Casemates Square buildings
£100164 × 90 mmPurpleQueen Elizabeth II,
Coat of Arms of Castle with Key		King's Bastion
Current GIP exchange rates
From Google Finance: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD
From Yahoo! Finance: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD
From XE.com: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD
From OANDA: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD
From fxtop.com: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD

See also

References
  1. "Comercios de La Línea aceptan el pago en libras". ELMUNDO. 6 November 2017.
  2. "GIP". Investopedia.com. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
  3. Bond, Peter (2003). 300 Years of British Gibraltar 1704-2004. Peter-Tan Publishing Co. p. 89.
  4. Government of Gibraltar (June 1934). "Currency Notes Act" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-08-05.
  5. "CURRENCY NOTES ACT 2011" (PDF). Gibraltarlaws.gov.gi. Retrieved 3 October 2018.
  6. 'Queen of Gibraltar' in new coin, Panorama, 7 May 2010
  7. Polémica en ámbitos diplomáticos por la asistencia de la reina doña Sofía a los actos de homenaje a Isabel II: consideran que puede perjudicar los intereses soberanos españoles, El Confidencial Digital, 6 May 2012
  8. Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Gibraltar". The Banknote Book. BanknoteNews.com. San Francisco, CA.
  9. "Gibraltar new note family now complete - Banknote News". Banknotenews.com. Retrieved 3 October 2018.

Bibliography
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