German submarine U-157 (1941)

German submarine U-157 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 21 October 1940 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard in Bremen, launched on 5 June 1941, and commissioned on 15 September under the command of Korvettenkapitän Wolf Henne. After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla, U-157 was transferred to the 2nd U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 3 June 1942.[3]

For other ships with the same name, see German submarine U-157.
U-505, a typical Type IXC boat
History
Nazi Germany
Name: U-157
Ordered: 25 September 1939
Builder: DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen
Yard number: 999
Laid down: 21 October 1940
Launched: 5 June 1941[1]
Commissioned: 15 September 1941[1]
Fate: Sunk, 13 June 1942[2]
General characteristics
Class and type: Type IXC submarine
Displacement:
  • 1,120 t (1,100 long tons) surfaced
  • 1,232 t (1,213 long tons) submerged
Length:
Beam:
  • 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in) o/a
  • 4.40 m (14 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height: 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught: 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in)
Installed power:
  • 4,400 PS (3,200 kW; 4,300 bhp) (diesels)
  • 1,000 PS (740 kW; 990 shp) (electric)
Propulsion:
Range:
  • 13,450 nmi (24,910 km; 15,480 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 64 nmi (119 km; 74 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth: 230 m (750 ft)
Complement: 48 to 56
Armament:
Service record[3][4]
Part of:
Commanders:
  • K.Kapt. Wolf Henne
  • 15 September 1941 – 13 June 1942
Operations:
  • 1st patrol: 30 April – 10 May 1942
  • 2nd patrol: 18 May – 13 June 1942
Victories: 1 commercial ship sunk (6,401 GRT)

Design

German Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. U-157 had a displacement of 1,120 tonnes (1,100 long tons) when at the surface and 1,232 tonnes (1,213 long tons) while submerged.[5] The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 metric horsepower (740 kW; 990 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[5]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph).[5] When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,450 nautical miles (24,910 km; 15,480 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-157 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30 as well as a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.[5]

Service history

1st patrol

U-157 sailed from Kiel on 30 April 1942, around the British Isles, and arrived at Lorient, France, eleven days later on 10 May.[6]

2nd patrol

The U-boat left Lorient on 18 May 1942 and sailed across the Atlantic to the Caribbean Sea.[7] There, on 11 June, she torpedoed and sank[8] the unescorted 6,401-ton American tanker Hagan about five miles off the north coast of Cuba. The ship, loaded with 22,676 barrels of blackstrap molasses, was hit in the engine room, destroying the engines and causing at least one boiler to explode. About a minute later a second torpedo struck, and the tanker began to sink by the stern. The crew abandoned ship in two lifeboats, but two officers and four crewmen were lost. The boats, containing 38 men, both landed in Cuba.[9]

Fate

U-157 was sunk two days later, on 13 June 1942, south-west of Key West, Florida, in position 24°13′N 82°03′W, by depth charges from USCGC Thetis, a U.S. Coast Guard cutter assigned to the Eastern Sea Frontier Squadron at Key West. All 52 crew were lost.[2][3][10]

Summary of raiding history
Date Name Nationality Tonnage
(GRT)		 Fate[11]
13 June 1942 Hagan  United States 6,401 Sunk

References

Notes
  1. Kemp, p 82
  2. Kemp, pp 82 – 83
  3. Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC boat U-157". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  4. Helgason, Guðmundur. "War Patrols by German U-boat U-157". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  5. Gröner 1991, p. 68.
  6. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol of U-boat U-157 from 30 Apr 1942 to 10 May 1942". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  7. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol of U-boat U-157 from 18 May 1942 to 13 Jun 1942". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  8. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol of German U-boat U-157 from 18 May 1942 to 13 Jun 1942". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  9. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Hagan (Steam tanker)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  10. Scheina, p 40
  11. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-157". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2014.

Bibliography
  • Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0870214592.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
  • Kemp, Paul (1997). U-Boats Destroyed: German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-1557508591.
  • Scheina, Robert L. (1982). U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft of World War II. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland. ISBN 978-0-87021-717-3.

Further reading
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
  • Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC boat U-157". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
  • Hofmann, Markus. "U 157". Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de (in German). Retrieved 7 December 2014.

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