General Service Medal (South Africa)

The General Service Medal is a military campaign medal which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa in 1987. It could be awarded to members of the South African Defence Force from 1 January 1983, for operational service inside South Africa in the prevention or suppression of terrorism or internal disorder, or the preservation of life, health or property, or the maintenance of essential services and law and order, or crime prevention.[1]

General Service Medal
TypeMilitary campaign medal
Awarded forOperational service inside South Africa from 1 January 1983
Country  South Africa
Presented bythe State President and, from 1994, the President
EligibilityAll Ranks
Campaign(s)1985-1992 State of Emergency
ClaspsMALUTI
StatusDiscontinued in 2003
Established1987
First awarded1991
Ribbon bar
SADF pre-1994 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear
Next (higher)
SADF precedence:
SANDF precedence:
Next (lower)
SADF succession:
SANDF succession:

In 2002, the Maluti Clasp was authorised for personnel who participated in Operations Boleas and Maluti.[2]

The South African military

The Union Defence Forces (UDF) were established in 1912 and renamed the South African Defence Force (SADF) in 1958. On 27 April 1994, it was integrated with six other independent forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[1][3][4]

Institution

The General Service Medal was instituted by the State President in 1987.[3][5]

Award criteria

The medal could be awarded from 1 January 1983, to serving members of all ranks of the South African Defence Force for operational service inside South Africa in the prevention or suppression of terrorism or internal disorder, or the preservation of life, health or property, or the maintenance of essential services and law and order, or crime prevention. In effect, it also served as a campaign medal for the State of Emergency operations against Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) from 1985 to 1990.[1]

Instituted by warrant on 9 May 2002, the Maluti Clasp was authorised for personnel who participated in Operations Boleas and Maluti in Lesotho.[2]

Order of wear
Main article: South African military decorations order of wear § Order of wear

The position of the General Service Medal in the official order of precedence was revised three times after 1987, to accommodate the inclusion or institution of new decorations and medals, first upon the integration into the South African National Defence Force in 1994, again in April 1996, when decorations and medals were belatedly instituted for the two former non-statutory forces, the Azanian People's Liberation Army and Umkhonto we Sizwe, and finally upon the institution of a new set of honours on 27 April 2003, but it remained unchanged, as it was on 27 April 1994, on the latter two occasions.[6]

South African Defence Force until 26 April 1994

South African National Defence Force from 27 April 1994

  • Official SANDF order of precedence:
  • Official national order of precedence:
    • Preceded by the Southern Africa Medal of the Republic of South Africa.
    • Succeeded by the Defence Medal of the Republic of Ciskei.[6]

Description
Obverse

The General Service Medal is a medallion struck in nickel silver, 3 millimetres thick and 38 millimetres in diameter, depicting the castle emblem of the South African Defence Force, partly surrounded by a wreath of leaves.[1]

Reverse

The reverse has the pre-1994 South African Coat of Arms with the words "GENERAL SERVICE" at left and "ALGEMENE DIENS" at right around the perimeter, with the medal number stamped underneath the Coat of Arms.

Clasp

Only the Maluti Clasp was authorized, struck in bronze with a hole at each end to allow it to be sewn onto the medal ribbon.[2]

Ribbon

The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide, with a 6 millimetres wide dark blue band, a 2 millimetres wide white band and a 7 millimetres wide orange band, repeated in reverse order and separated by a 2 millimetres wide dark blue band in the centre.

Versions

The first batch of medals had a rough frosted-like surface, while the later version had a more traditional and more attractive smooth surface.

Mentioned in dispatches

A recipient of the General Service Medal who was Mentioned in Dispatches during such operational service inside South Africa, was entitled to wear a miniature Coat of Arms on the medal ribbon.[1]

Discontinuation

Conferment of the medal was discontinued in respect of services performed on or after 27 April 2003.[4]

References
  1. South African Medal Website - SA Defence Force : 1975-2003 (Accessed 30 April 2015)
  2. "South African Defence Force and South African Police Medals". South African Military Veterans Organization of Australia. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  3. South African Medal Website - SA Defence Force : 1952-1975 (Accessed 30 April 2015)
  4. Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 457, no. 25213, Pretoria, 25 July 2003
  5. Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, OCLC 72827981
  6. Republic of South Africa Government Gazette no. 15093, Pretoria, 3 September 1993
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