Gaud Sarang

Gaud Sarang is a raga in Hindustani classical music that combines characteristics of Sarang and the now extinct raga named Gaud.[1] Unlike most other members of the Sarang family of ragas, Gaud Sarang is assigned to the Kalyan thaat rather than the usual Kafi.[2]

Gaud Sarang

Thaat	Kalyan
Type	Sampurna
Time of day	Early afternoon, 12–3[1]
Arohana	S G R M G P M̄ D P Ṡ N Ṙ Ṡ[1] S G R M G P M̄ D P N D Ṡ[2]
Avarohana	Ṡ N D P M̄ P M G ❟ R G R M G P R S[1] Ṡ D N P D M̄ P G M R P R M R P R S[2]
Vadi	G[1]
Samavadi	D[1]
Similar	Kedar Chhayanat[2]

The Indian National Anthem Jana gana mana is sung in the raga Gaud Sarang. It is believed that the National Anthem of India is in raga Bilaval,[3] but it isn't like that. There is a certain svara which is changes the whole raga of the Anthem. In the national anthem, the tivra Madhyama svara is employed. Raga Bilaval doesn't have the svara of tivra Madhyama (obviously, raga Bilaval is the raga of all Shuddha Svaras and no other types of svaras). [4] But raga Gaud Sarang has the tivra Madhyama svara. [5] So from this, the National Anthem of India, Jana gana mana is in raga Gaud Sarang.

Theory

Arohana:

• S G R M G P M̄ D P Ṡ N Ṙ Ṡ[lower-alpha 1][1]
• S G R M G P M̄ D P N D Ṡ[lower-alpha 2][2]

Avarohana:

• Ṡ N D P M̄ P M G ❟ R G R M G P R S[lower-alpha 3][1]
• Ṡ D N P D M̄ P G M R P R M R P R S[lower-alpha 4][2]

Notes

1. Alternate notations:
   • Carnatic: S G₃ R₂ M₁ G₃ P M₂ D₂ P Ṡ N₃ Ṙ₂ Ṡ
   • Western: C E D F E G F♯ A G C B D C
2. Alternate notations:
   • Carnatic: S G₃ R₂ M₁ G₃ P M₂ D₂ P N₃ D₂ Ṡ
   • Western: C E D F E G F♯ A G B A C
3. Alternate notations:
   • Carnatic: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₂ P M₁ G₃ ❟ R₂ G₃ R₂ M₁ G₃ P R₂ S
   • Western: C B A G F♯ G F E 𝄒 D E D F E G D C
4. Alternate notations:
   • Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ N₃ P D₂ M₂ P G₃ M₁ R₂ P R₂ M₁ R₂ P R₂ S
   • Western: C A B G A F♯ G E F D G D F D G D C

References

1. Bor & Rao 1999.
2. OEMI:GS.
3. https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/national-anthem-facts-952549-2016-12-27
4. http://www.tanarang.com/english/alhaiya_eng.htm
5. http://www.tanarang.com/english/gaud-sarang_eng.htm.

Sources

• Bor, Joep; Rao, Suvarnalata (1999). The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas. Nimbus Records with Rotterdam Conservatory of Music. p. 70. ISBN 9780954397609.
• Gauḍ Sārang Rāga (Hin), The Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Music of India. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195650983. Retrieved 8 October 2018.