Galeopsis

Galeopsis, commonly called hemp-nettle or hempnettle,[2] is a genus of annual herbaceous plants native to Europe and Asia. Some species are naturalized in North America and New Zealand.[1][3][4][5]

Hemp-nettles
Galeopsis tetrahit, common hemp-nettle
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Lamioideae
Genus: Galeopsis
L.
Synonyms[1]
  • Tetrahit Adans.
  • Ladanum Gilib.
  • Tetraith Bubani
  • Dalanum Dostál
  • Ladanella Pouzar & Slavíková

The plants are poisonous.[6] Several species are widespread weeds[2] and some are used as medicinal herbs.[7][8]

Species

Species include:[1]

  1. Galeopsis × acuminata Rchb. - Germany (G. pubescens × G. tetrahit)
  2. Galeopsis bifida Boenn. – bifid hemp-nettle, split-lip hemp-nettle, splitlip hempnettle, common hemp-nettle, and large-flowered hemp-nettle - widespread across much of Europe and Asia; naturalized in North America
  3. Galeopsis × carinthiaca Porsch ex Fiori - Italy, Czech Republic (G. bifida × G. pubescens)
  4. Galeopsis × haussknechtii Ludw. - Czech Republic (G. ladanum × G. segetum)
  5. Galeopsis ladanum L. - widespread across much of Europe and Asia; naturalized in scattered sites in North America
  6. Galeopsis × ludwigii Hausskn. - Germany, Czech Republic (G. bifida × G. tetrahit)
  7. Galeopsis nana Otsch. - Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan)
  8. Galeopsis × polychroma Beck - Austria, Italy, Czech Republic, Baltic Republics (G. pubescens × G. speciosa)
  9. Galeopsis pubescens Besser - southern + central Europe from Britain and France east to Russia
  10. Galeopsis pyrenaica Bartl. - Pyrenees Mountains of Spain + France
  11. Galeopsis reuteri Rchb.f. - Alps of France + Italy
  12. Galeopsis segetum Neck. – downy hemp-nettle - Britain, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Yugoslavia
  13. Galeopsis speciosa Mill. – large-flowered hemp-nettle, Edmonton hempnettle - northern + central Europe, Siberia; naturalized in Canada
  14. Galeopsis tetrahit L. – common hemp-nettle, brittlestem hempnettle - southern + central Europe from Portugal to Russia; naturalized in New Zealand and North America
  15. Galeopsis × wirtgenii F.Ludw. ex Briq. - France, Czech Republic

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. "USDA PLANTS".
  3. Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 156 鼬瓣花属 you ban hua shu Galeopsis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 579. 1753.
  4. Altervista Flora Italiana, Genere Galeopsis includes photos and descriptions plus distribution maps for Italy, Europe, and North America
  5. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  6. "Plants for a Future: Galeopsis".
  7. "Plants for a Future: Galeopsis segetum".
  8. "Plants for a Future: Galeopsis tetrahit".


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