Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands

The Republic of the Marshall Islands has established bilateral diplomatic relations with about 105 states. Regional cooperation, through membership in various regional and international organizations, is a key element in its foreign policy.[1]

Marshall Islands
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the Marshall Islands

The Marshall Islands became a member of the United Nations on September 17, 1991. The Marshall Islands maintains embassies in the United States, Fiji, South Korea, Japan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan). They also maintain a consulate in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA and a consulate in Springdale, Arkansas, USA.

In May 2005, Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China (Taiwan), became the first foreign head of state to make an official visit to the Marshall Islands.

Countries with diplomatic relations
Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands

List of countries with diplomatic relations with the Marshall Islands:[1][2]

  1.  United States – 21 October 1986
  2.  Federated States of Micronesia – 26 February 1987
  3.  Australia – 8 July 1987
  4.  Israel – 16 September 1987
  5.  Fiji – 22 January 1988
  6.  Kiribati – 4 June 1988
  7.  New Zealand – 17 June 1988
  8.  Philippines – 15 September 1988
  9.  Papua New Guinea – 21 September 1988
  10.  Japan – 9 December 1988
  11.  Chile – 25 January 1990
  12.  Solomon Islands – 23 May 1990
  13.  Vanuatu – 1 August 1990
  14.  Tuvalu – 14 September 1990
  15.  Samoa – 22 October 1990
  16.  Nauru – 22 February 1991
  17.  South Korea – 16 March 1991
  18.  Germany – 23 September 1991
  19.  Peru – 14 November 1991
  20.  Cyprus – 17 November 1991
  21.  Maldives – 16 December 1991
  22.  Poland – 17 December 1991
  23.  Spain – 17 December 1991
  24.  United Kingdom – 2 February 1992
  25.  Sweden – 12 February 1992
  26.  Greece – 14 February 1992
  27.  Egypt – 2 May 1992
  28.  Vietnam – 1 June 1992
  29.  Costa Rica – 15 June 1992
  30.  Colombia – 5 August 1992
  31.  Russia – 6 August 1992
  32.  Singapore – 28 August 1992
  33.  Denmark – 17 September 1992
  34.  Norway – 18 October 1992
  35.  Slovenia – 19 October 1992
  36.  Saint Lucia – 1992[3]
  37.  Iceland – 25 January 1993
  38.  Finland – 26 January 1993
  39.  Mexico – 28 January 1993
  40.  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – 28 January 1993
  41.  Seychelles – 2 February 1993
  42.  Malaysia – 4 January 1993 / 4 June 1993
  43.  France – 19 February 1993
  44.  Austria – 1 March 1993
  45.  Netherlands – 2 March 1993
  46.  Barbados – 23 March 1993
  47.  Argentina – 23 April 1993
  48.  Belize – 30 April 1993
  49.  Indonesia – 21 May 1993
  50.  Luxembourg – 20 July 1993
  51.  Italy – 24 September 1993
  52.  Thailand – 29 October 1993
  53.  Malta – 8 February 1994
  54.   Holy See – 30 December 1994
  55.  Portugal – 10 February 1995
  56.  Andorra – 23 February 1995
  57.  Kuwait – 27 September 1995
  58.  Ukraine – 22 December 1995
  59.  Cape Verde – 1 December 1995
  60.  Brunei – 17 January 1996
  61.  South Africa – 17 January 1996
  62.  Romania – 29 January 1996
  63.  Belgium – 29 May 1996
  64.  Turkmenistan – 8 October 1996
  65.  Mauritius – 23 October 1996
  66.  India – 21 February 1997
  67.  Canada – 14 August 1997
  68.  Palau – 1 August 1998
  69.  Republic of China – 20 November 1998
  70.  Slovakia – 29 January 1999
  71.  Sovereign Order of Malta – 3 May 2002
  72.   Switzerland – 22 January 2003
  73.  North Macedonia – 27 February 2003
  74.  Turkey – 11 April 2008
  75.  Czech Republic – 30 April 2009
  76.  Uruguay – 2 December 2009
  77.  Azerbaijan – 18 February 2010
  78.  Georgia – 18 February 2010
  79.  Tajikistan – 18 February 2010
  80.  United Arab Emirates – 3 June 2010
  81.  Brazil – 27 July 2010[4]
  82.  Morocco – 13 September 2010[5]
  83.  Estonia – 12 July 2013[6]
  84.  Cook Islands – 3 September 2013[7]
  85.  Kosovo – 27 October 2013[8]
  86.  Mongolia – 23 May 2015[9]
  87.  Cuba – 28 September 2015[10]
  88.  Monaco – 29 September 2015[9]
  89.  Kyrgyzstan – 23 December 2016[11]
  90.  Cambodia – 20 January 2017[12]
  91.  Myanmar – 21 April 2017[13]
  92.  Guatemala – 20 July 2017[14]
  93.  El Salvador – 23 September 2017[15]
  94.  Saint Kitts and Nevis – 18 December 2018[16]
  95.  Kazakhstan – 12 February 2019[9]
  96.  Eswatini – 15 April 2019[17]
  97.  Nicaragua – 13 June 2019[18]
  98.  Bosnia and Herzegovina – 23 September 2019[19]
  99.  Dominican Republic – 23 September 2019[20]
  100.  Croatia – 24 September 2019[21]
  101.  Ecuador – 24 September 2019[22]
  102.  Honduras – 24 September 2019[23]
  103.  Liechtenstein – 24 September 2019[24]
  104.  Lithuania – 24 September 2019[25]
  105.  Timor-Leste – 25 September 2019[26]
  106.  Algeria – 26 September 2019[27]
  107.  Lebanon – 26 September 2019[28]
  108.  Paraguay – 26 September 2019[29]
  109.  Hungary – 27 September 2019[30]

Bilateral relations
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 IndiaApril 1995See India–Marshall Islands relations

As per the Ministry of External Affairs of the Government of India, India established diplomatic relations with Republic of the Marshall Islands in April 1995. Development assistance from India has included a grant of US$100,000 in June 2008 for a solar street lighting project in the capital city of Majuro and grant of 5 ITEC scholarships in November 2010. Marshall Islands has been supportive of issues of importance to India, particularly Indian candidature to international organizations. It supported India's candidature for the non-permanent membership of the UN Security Council for the 2011–12 term. Presently, there are about 10 Indian nationals in the Marshall Islands.[31]

 Israel1987See Israel–Marshall Islands relations
 Kosovo17 April 2008See Kosovo–Marshall Islands relations

The Marshall Islands officially recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo on the 17 April 2008.[32] Kosovo and the Marshall Islands established diplomatic relations on 27 October 2013.

 MicronesiaSee Marshall Islands–Federated States of Micronesia relations

The Marshall Islands and Micronesia share very good relations, as they are both bound by Compacts of Free Association with the United States.

 Mexico28 January 1993
  • Marshall Islands does not have an accreditation to Mexico
  • Mexico is accredited to the Marshall Islands from its embassy in Manila, Philippines.[33][34]
 PalauSee Marshall Islands-Palau relations

The Marshall Islands and Palau share very good relations, as they are both bound by Compacts of Free Association with the United States.

 South Korea1991-03-16

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Korea (South Korea) began on 16 March 1991.[35]

 Spain

The Marshall Islands were once part of the Spanish East Indies.

  • Marshall Islands do not have an accreditation to Spain.
  • Spain is accredited to the Marshall Islands from its embassy in Manila, Philippines.
 TurkeyApril 9, 2008[36]
 United StatesSee Marshall Islands–United States relations

The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain a strong and stable relationship under the Compact of Free Association. The US has full responsibility in the country's defense, financial aid, and social services. In return, the U.S. provides healthcare services, security, and freedom of movement between U.S., American Samoan, and Marshall Islander citizens. In international politics, Marshall Islands has often voted with the United States with respect to United Nations General Assembly resolutions.[40]

Human rights criticisms

Hong Kong national security law
In June 2020, the Marshall Islands openly opposed the Hong Kong national security law[43]

See also

References
  1. "Countries with which the Marshall Islands has Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  2. "The Marshall Islands - Diplomatic Relations". Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  3. "List of countries with which Saint Lucia has diplomatic relations" (PDF). Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  4. "Republic of Marshall Islands". Archived from the original on 2017-09-06. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  5. "Iles Marshall" (PDF) (in French). Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  6. "Estonia Established Diplomatic Relations With Marshall Islands". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  7. "Cook Island establishes diplomatic relations with Kiribati, Palau and Marshall Islands". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  8. "Republika e Kosovës vendos marrëdhëniet diplomatike me Republikën e Ishujve Marshall (Albanian)". Kosovo MFA. 27 October 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  9. "Diplomatic Relations". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  10. "Establecen relaciones diplomáticas Cuba e Islas Marshall". Archived from the original on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  11. "Kyrgyzstan establishes diplomatic relations with Marshall Islands". AKIpress. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  12. "Marshall Islands Establishes Diplomatic Relations with Kingdom of Cambodia" (PDF). Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  13. "List of Countries having Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of the Union of Myanmar". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  14. "Guatemala foreign minister visits Taiwan to promote ties". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  15. "El Salvador establece nuevas relaciones diplomáticas y fortalece vínculos con naciones". Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  16. "Listing of all countries which have established diplomatic relations with the republic of the Marshall Islands". Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  17. "Marshall Islands opens diplomatic ties with eSwatini". 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  18. "Nicaragua e Islas Marshall establecen Relaciones Diplomáticas en Naciones Unidas - LVDS". La Voz del Sandinismo (in Spanish). 14 June 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  19. "Diplomatic Relations Between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Marshall Islands as of 23 Sept. 2019". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  20. SIN, Noticias (24 September 2019). "Canciller Miguel Vargas reitera rechazo de RD a intervención militar en Venezuela". Noticias SIN (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  21. "Diplomatic Relations Between Croatia and Marshall Islands as of 24 Sept. 2019". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  22. "Ecuador inicia relaciones diplomáticas con las Islas Marshall – Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Movilidad Humana". www.cancilleria.gob.ec (in Spanish).
  23. "Honduras establece relaciones diplomáticas con Islas Marshall y acuerda cooperación con República Checa" (in Spanish). 24 September 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  24. "Amb. Martin Frick, Director of @MFA_LI and @RMIMission Foreign Minister John M. Silk establish diplomatic relations between the two countries with a view to strengthening cooperation at the #UN and beyond". Twitter. 24 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
  25. "Lithuania establishes diplomatic relations with Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  26. "Diplomatic Relations Between Marshall Islands and Timor-Leste as of 25 Sept. 2019". Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  27. "Diplomatic Relations Between Algeria and Marshall Islands as of 26 Sept. 2019". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  28. "Diplomatic Relations Between Lebanon and Marshall Islands as of 26 Sept. 2019". Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  29. "Portal Oficial del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la República del Paraguay :: Paraguay y las Islas Marshalls establecieron relaciones diplomáticas". www2.mre.gov.py (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  30. "Diplomatic Relations Between Hungary and Marshall Islands as of 27 Sept. 2019". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  32. Republic of the Marshall Islands has recognised Kosovo, New Kosova Report, 2008-04-17
  33. Embassy of Mexico in the Philippines
  34. Relations between Mexico and Asia: The Philippines (in Spanish)
  35. http://search.mofa.go.kr/search/search_en.do
  36. "Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
  37. "Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
  38. "Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
  39. "Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
  40. General Assembly – Overall Votes – Comparison with U.S. vote lists Marshall Islands as in the country with the second high coincidence of votes. Micronesia has always been in the top two.
  41. Embassy of the Marshall Islands in the United States
  42. Embassy of the United States in the Marshall Islands
  43. Lawler, Dave (2 July 2020). "The 53 countries supporting China's crackdown on Hong Kong". Axios. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
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