Folioceros

Folioceros is a genus of hornworts in the family Anthocerotaceae. The genus is common locally in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, growing on moist rocks, in fallow fields, and near waterfalls. It has a yellow-green gametophyte thallus that is crispy and translucent, with short branchings that are almost pinnate. Plants are usually less than a centimeter wide and 3 centimeters long. They may be monoicous or dioicous.

Folioceros
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Anthocerotophyta
Class: Anthocerotopsida
Order: Anthocerotales
Family: Anthocerotaceae
Genus: Folioceros
Bharad.[1]
Species

Folioceros appendiculatus
Folioceros assamicus
Folioceros dixitianus
Folioceros fuciformis
Folioceros glandulosus
Folioceros indicus
Folioceros kashyapii
Folioceros mamillisporus
Folioceros mangaloreus
Folioceros paliformis
Folioceros physocladus
Folioceros satpurensis
Folioceros spinisporus
Folioceros udarii
Folioceros vesiculosus

The genus Folioceros was formally diagnosed by the botanist D. C. Bharadwaj[1] and based on the type species F. assamicus. Some features that he cited as distinguishing the genus were:

  • Pseudoelaters less than 7 um wide and more than 300 um long.
  • Spore ornamentation that is spinose or baculate, rather than reticulate.
  • Thallus with large cavities formed by splitting of the internal tissue.

The classification system of Hässel de Menendez[2] places Folioceros in its own family Foliocerotaceae and order Foliocerotales. This classification is based on a cladistic morphological analysis, but has not been generally accepted or supported by additional research in the literature. For the present, Folioceros is usually placed in the Anthocerotaceae.[3]

References
  1. Bharadwaj, D. C. (1971). "On Folioceros, A New Genus of Anthocerotales". Geophytology. 1 (1): 6–15.
  2. Hässel de Menéndez, Gabriela G. (1988). "A proposal for a new classification of the genera within the Anthocerotophyta". Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory. 64: 71–86.
  3. Duff, R. Joel; Juan Carlos Villarreal; D. Christine Cargill; Karen S. Renzaglia (2007). "Progress and challenges toward a phylogeny and classification of the hornworts". The Bryologist. 110 (2): 214–243. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2007)110[214:PACTDA]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0007-2745.
  • Asthana, A. K. & Srivastava, S. C. (1991). Indian Hornworts (A Taxonomic Study). J. Cramer: Bryophytorum Bibliotheca, Band 42. ISBN 3-443-62014-0.
  • Zhu, R. L. & So, M. L. (1996). Mosses and Liverworts of Hong Kong, volume 2. Hong Kong: Heavenly People Depot. ISBN 962-7350-80-X.
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