Fethaland

Fethaland or Fedeland[1][lower-roman 1] (pronounced [ˈfeɪdələnd]) is an abandoned settlement at the extreme north end of Mainland, Shetland. It was the site of the largest Haaf fishing station in Shetland.

Fethaland
Ruined fisherman's böds, Fethaland.
Fethaland Location within Shetland
Language	Shetland Dialect
OS grid reference	HU373939
• Edinburgh	330 mi (530 km) SSW
• London	632 mi (1,017 km) S
Civil parish	Northmavine
Council area	Shetland
Lieutenancy area	Shetland
Country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	SHETLAND
Postcode district	ZE2
Dialling code	01806
Police	Scotland
Fire	Scottish
Ambulance	Scottish
UK Parliament	Orkney and Shetland
Scottish Parliament	Shetland

Etymology

The name Fethaland derives from Old Norse and means rich pasture (literally "fat land").[7] There is a tradition that the name comes from the Picts who supposedly were forcibly removed from Fethaland, which was their last refuge. Upon being forced out to sea, they called out, "Fae da land, fae da land" (from the land), however this story is most likely apocryphal considering the shout is well-formed modern Shetland Dialect, which wouldn't have been spoken by the picts.[7]

Geography and geology

Fethaland, along with the more of the north tip of Mainland including Uyea is one part of the Shetland National Scenic Area.[8] It is also a Site of Special Scientific Interest.[9]

Fishing station

Oil lamps made from common whelk shells, (known locally as "buckies") were used by haaf fishermen in their böds. An example of one from Fethaland was collected by ethnographer Dr Arthur Mitchell and is kept in the Shetland Museum. Commenting on the lamp, Mitchell proposed,

...every one will admit that the lamp is elegant and pretty. Nothing, however, but the fact that it is easily obtained leads the deep-sea fisherman at his station on Fetheland Point to employ a shell for a [lamp]. His doing so does not prove the existence in him of a sense of the beautiful, nor, on the other hand, does his coarsely made sinker prove the reverse.[10]

On 10th October 1994 the Fethaland fishing station was designated as a scheduled monument.[11]

Due to the risk of erosion damaging the site a survey of the fishing station including the use of laser scanning took place in August 2010.[12]

Lighthouse

Point of Fethaland

Location	Shetland, Northmaven, United Kingdom
Coordinates	60.634217°N 1.311483°W
Year first constructed	1977
Tower shape	Cylindrical
Markings / pattern	White
Tower height	7 metres (23 ft)
Focal height	65 metres (213 ft)
Light source	Lantern
Range	24 kilometres (13 nmi)
Characteristic	3 flashes every 15 seconds of either white or red depending on bearing.
Admiralty number	A3817.5
NGA number	3448
ARLHS number	SCO-173
Managing agent	Northern Lighthouse Board
Heritage	scheduled monument (UK)

Notes

1. Also variously spelled Fedaland,[2] Fetheland,[3] Feitheland,[4] Fetchaland,[5] and Phedeland[6]

References

1. Manson 1933.
2. Jakobsen 1897, pp. 96-97.
3. Jack 1999, p. 351.
4. Bruce 1745.
5. Preston 1781, p. 1.
6. Blaeu & Blaeu 1654, p. 139.
7. Jakobsen 1897, p. 119.
8. SiteLink - Shetland NSA.
9. SiteLink - Uyea - North Roe Coast SSSI.
10. Tait 2014, p. 3.
11. Historic Environment Scotland 1994.
12. Dawson 2010, p. 158.

Sources

• Blaeu, Willem Janszoon; Blaeu, Joan (1654). Orcadum et Schetlandiae Insularum accuratissima descriptio [An accurate description of the Isles of Orkney and Shetland] (Map) (in Latin). Amsterdam: Blaeu. p. 139. Retrieved 26 November 2019 – via National Library of Scotland.
• Bruce, John (1745). Nieuwe paskaard van Hitland met de daar Omleggende Eylanden na de Nieuwe Aftekening Gemaakt by den Lofwaarden en Onvermoeyden Hit en Zeeman Ian Bruyst, wonende op Whalsay te Sambisterhuys, de Afpeylinge en Zeylaagien in alle Baayen en Plaatzen zyn door hem zelfs gedaan en om der zelver Nuttigheyt int Licht gebragt diir Reinier en Josua Ottens Kaartverkopers te Amsterdam [New Shetland map with the surrounding islands, drawn by the praiseworthy and indefatigable Shetlander and seaman John Bruce, living in the isle of Whalsay at Symbister House, near the small sand bay, showing all the observations, gauges and sailing-routes in all bays and places there made by himself and for the sake of usefulness supports director Reinier and Josua Ottens map sellers in Amsterdam] (Map) (in Dutch). Shetland: Reinier en Josua Ottens Kaartverkopers te Amsterdam. p. 1. Retrieved 26 November 2019 – via National Library of Scotland.
• Dixon, Magnus. "Haaf fishing in Shetland". NorthLink Ferries. Help from Davy Cooper. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
• Dawson, Tom (August 2010). Milburn, Paula (ed.). "Fethaland Fishing Station" (PDF). The Journal of Archaeology Scotland. New Series. 11: 158–159.
• Hibbert, Samuel (1891) [1822]. A Description of the Shetland Islands: Comprising an Account of Their Scenery, Antiquities, and Superstitions. Harvard University. Lerwick: T. & J. Manson. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
• Jack, William (1999) [1794]. Sinclair, Sir John (ed.). "Northmaven". The Statistical Account of Scotland Drawn up from the Communications of the Ministers of the Different Parishes. University of Edinburgh, University of Glasgow: Edinburgh: William Creech. 12 (27): 351. OCLC 1045293275. Retrieved 26 November 2019 – via The Statistical Accounts of Scotland online service.
• Jakobsen, Jakob (1897). "The old Shetland place-names". The dialect and place names of Shetland; two popular lectures (Lecture). Cornell University Library. Lerwick: Lerwick, T. & J. Manson. p. 119. LCCN 03002186. Retrieved 27 November 2019 – via archive.org.
• Manson, Thomas Mortimer Yule (1933). Mansons' Guide to Shetland (3rd ed.). Lerwick: T. & J. Manson. OCLC 1007883604.
• Preston, Thomas (1781). A new hydrographical survey of the islands of Shetland (Map). London: R. Sayer and J. Bennett. p. 1. Retrieved 26 November 2019 – via National Library of Scotland.
• Renwick, Esther. "In Depth - Steatite in Shetland". archaeologyshetland. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
• Schrage, Bob (2 October 2018). "Point of Fethaland". enschrage.nl. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
• Tait, Ian (June 2014). "Shedding light on the past" (PDF). Unkans (44): 3.
• Tudor, John R. (1883). The Orkneys and Shetland; their past and present state. Columbia University Libraries. London, E. Stanford; [etc., etc.]
• "Fedeland,fishing station and prehistoric house at Isle of Fethaland (SM6072)". portal.historicenvironment.scot. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
• "Shetland NSA". sitelink.nature.scot. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
• "Uyea - North Roe Coast SSSI". sitelink.nature.scot. Retrieved 26 November 2019.

External links

Open Virtual Worlds - a 3d reconstruction of what Fethaland would have looked like in the 1890s.