Fairfield Township, Cumberland County, New Jersey

Fairfield Township is a township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. It is part of the Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 6,295,[8][9][10] reflecting an increase of 12 (+0.2%) from the 6,283 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 584 (+10.2%) from the 5,699 counted in the 1990 Census.[19]

For other places with similar names, see Fairfield, New Jersey.

Fairfield Township, New Jersey
Township
Township of Fairfield
Fairfield Township highlighted in Cumberland County. Inset map: Cumberland County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Fairfield Township, Cumberland County, New Jersey
Fairfield Township
Location in Cumberland County
Fairfield Township
Location in New Jersey
Fairfield Township
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 39.372316°N 75.238721°W / 39.372316; -75.238721[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Cumberland
FormedMay 12, 1697
IncorporatedFebruary 21, 1798
Named forFairfield, Connecticut
Government
 • TypeTownship
 • BodyTownship Committee
 • MayorBenjamin Byrd Sr. (D, term ends December 31, 2020)[4][5]
 • AdministratorMike Burden[6]
 • Municipal clerkLinda M. Gonzales[6]
Area
 • Total43.82 sq mi (113.50 km2)
 • Land41.12 sq mi (106.50 km2)
 • Water2.70 sq mi (7.00 km2)  6.17%
Area rank45th of 565 in state
5th of 14 in county[1]
Elevation16 ft (5 m)
Population
 • Total6,295
 • Estimate 
(2019)[11]
5,911
 • Rank335th of 566 in state
6th of 14 in county[12]
 • Density152.6/sq mi (58.9/km2)
 • Density rank522nd of 566 in state
9th of 14 in county[12]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
08320 - Fairton[13][14]
Area code(s)856 exchange: 575[15]
FIPS code3401122350[1][16][17]
GNIS feature ID0882059[1][18]
Websitewww.fairfieldtownshipnj.org

Fairfield Township was formed by Royal charter on May 12, 1697, from portions of the Cohansey Township area, while still part of Salem County, and was formed as a precinct in the newly created Cumberland County on January 19, 1748. It was incorporated on February 21, 1798, as one of the initial group of 104 townships in the state by an act of the New Jersey Legislature. Portions of the township were taken to form Downe Township (September 26, 1772), Millville Township (February 24, 1801) and Lawrence Township (February 17, 1885).[20]

The name Fairfield refers to its original settlers, who were émigrés from Fairfield, Connecticut who settled in the area in 1697.[21][22] The oldest Presbyterian church in South Jersey is said to date to June 1697. There is a plaque and an old cemetery which indicates the original log building.[23] When it was first created as one of Cumberland County's original six townships, it included land that would later become Commercial Township, Downe Township, Lawrence Township and Millville.[21]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 43.82 square miles (113.50 km2), including 41.12 square miles (106.50 km2) of land and 2.70 square miles (7.00 km2) of water (6.17%).[1][2]

Fairton (with a 2010 Census population of 1,264[24]) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Fairfield Township.[25]

Other unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Back Neck, Ben Davis Point, Clarks Pond, Fordville, Gouldtown, Lanings Wharf, Mulfords Landing, New England Crossroads and Sea Breeze and Tindells Landing.[26]

The township has three primary population centers: Sea Breeze, Fairton (originally named Bumbridge) and Gouldtown, an old African American community from the segregation period.[23][27]

Fairfield Township borders the Cumberland County municipalities of Bridgeton, Deerfield Township, Greenwich Township, Hopewell Township, Lawrence Township, Millville and Upper Deerfield Township, along with the Delaware Bay.[28][29]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18102,279*—
18201,869−18.0%
18301,812−3.0%
18401,9356.8%
18502,13310.2%
18602,44814.8%
18703,01123.0%
18803,2156.8%
18901,688*−47.5%
19001,91113.2%
19101,629−14.8%
19201,514−7.1%
19301,84822.1%
19401,9777.0%
19502,93248.3%
19603,91633.6%
19704,99027.4%
19805,69314.1%
19905,6990.1%
20006,28310.2%
20106,2950.2%
2019 (est.)5,911[11][30][31]−6.1%
Population sources: 1810-2000[32]
1810-1920[33] 1840[34] 1850-1870[35]
1850[36] 1870[37] 1880-1890[38]
1890-1910[39] 1910-1930[40]
1930-1990[41] 2000[42][43] 2010[8][9][10]
* = Lost territory in previous decade[20]

Census 2010

The 2010 United States Census counted 6,295 people, 1,882 households, and 1,357 families in the township. The population density was 152.6 per square mile (58.9/km2). There were 2,058 housing units at an average density of 49.9 per square mile (19.3/km2). The racial makeup was 37.49% (2,360) White, 47.53% (2,992) Black or African American, 5.10% (321) Native American, 0.44% (28) Asian, 0.03% (2) Pacific Islander, 4.58% (288) from other races, and 4.83% (304) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.84% (808) of the population.[8]

Of the 1,882 households, 24.6% had children under the age of 18; 43.6% were married couples living together; 21.3% had a female householder with no husband present and 27.9% were non-families. Of all households, 24.1% were made up of individuals and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.14.[8]

17.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.0 years. For every 100 females, the population had 139.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 148.8 males.[8]

Fairfield Township had the highest percentage of Native Americans in any municipality in New Jersey, at 5.10% in the 2010 Census.

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $46,895 (with a margin of error of +/- $3,014) and the median family income was $55,286 (+/- $4,900). Males had a median income of $45,333 (+/- $4,287) versus $32,763 (+/- $2,703) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $20,619 (+/- $1,444). About 6.7% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.[44]

Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[16] there were 6,283 people, 1,751 households, and 1,322 families residing in the township. The population density was 148.6 people per square mile (57.4/km2). There were 1,915 housing units at an average density of 45.3 per square mile (17.5/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 41.41% White, 47.43% African American, 5.08% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.39% from other races, and 3.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.87% of the population.[42][43]

There were 1,751 households, out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 18.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.5% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.19.[42][43]

In the township the population was spread out, with 19.8% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 36.4% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 146.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 161.7 males.[42][43]

The median income for a household in the township was $37,891, and the median income for a family was $41,326. Males had a median income of $31,858 versus $23,931 for females. The per capita income for the township was $17,547. About 6.9% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.9% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.[42][43]

Government

Local government

Fairfield Township is governed under the Township form of New Jersey municipal government, one of 141 municipalities (of the 565) statewide that use this form, the second-most commonly used form of government in the state.[45] The Township Committee is comprised of five members, who are elected directly by the voters at-large in partisan elections to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election in a three-year cycle.[3][46] At an annual reorganization meeting, the Township Committee selects one of its members to serve as Mayor and another as Deputy Mayor, each serving a one-year term.

As of 2020, members of the Fairfield Township Committee are Mayor Benjamin Byrd Sr. (D, term on committee ends December 31, 2022; term as mayor ends 2020), Deputy Mayor Marvin Pierce Jr. (D, term on committee ends 2021; term as deputy mayor ends 2020), Tommy Clark Jr. (D, 2020), David F. Gonzalez (D, 2022) and Mark K. Pierce Sr. (D, 2021).[4][47][48][49][50][51]

JoAnne Servais was appointed to serve the unexpired term ending December 2014 of Dennis Pierce, who had resigned from office in June 2012 citing health issues.[52][53]

Federal, state and county representation

Fairfield Township is located in the 2nd Congressional District[54] and is part of New Jersey's 1st state legislative district.[9][55][56] Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, Fairfield Township had been in the 3rd state legislative district.[57]

For the 116th United States Congress, New Jersey's Second Congressional District is represented by Jeff Van Drew (R, Dennis Township).[58] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2021)[59] and Bob Menendez (Paramus, term ends 2025).[60][61]

For the 2020–2021 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 1st Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Mike Testa (R, Vineland) and in the General Assembly by Antwan McClellan (R, Ocean City) and Erik K. Simonsen (R, Lower Township).[62][63]

Cumberland County is governed by a seven-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who are elected at-large in partisan elections to serve staggered three-year terms in office, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle. At an annual reorganization meeting held each January, the freeholders select one member to serve as Freeholder Director and another as Deputy Director.[64] As of 2018, Cumberland County's Freeholders are Freeholder Director Joseph Derella Jr. (D, Millville, term as freeholder and as freeholder director ends December 31, 2018),[65] Deputy Freeholder Director Darlene R. Barber (D, Upper Deerfield Township, term as freeholder ends 2019, term as deputy freeholder director ends 2018),[66] George Castellini (D, Vineland, 2020),[67] Carol Musso (D, Deerfield Township, 2020),[68] James F. Quinn (D, Millville, 2018),[69] Joseph V. Sparacio (R, Deerfield Township, 2019)[70] and Jack Surrency (D, Bridgeton 2020).[71][72][73][74] The county's constitutional officers are Clerk Celeste Riley (D, Bridgeton, 2019),[75][76] Sheriff Robert A. Austino (D, Vineland, 2020)[77][78] and Surrogate Douglas M. Rainear (D, Upper Deerfield Township, 2018).[79][80][73]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 3,639 registered voters in Fairfield Township, of which 1,603 (44.1%) were registered as Democrats, 409 (11.2%) were registered as Republicans and 1,627 (44.7%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were no voters registered to other parties.[81]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 76.9% of the vote (1,830 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 22.4% (534 votes), and other candidates with 0.6% (15 votes), among the 2,405 ballots cast by the township's 3,739 registered voters (26 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 64.3%.[82][83] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 75.9% of the vote (1,860 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain, who received 22.3% (547 votes), with 2,451 ballots cast among the township's 3,707 registered voters, for a turnout of 66.1%.[84] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 68.7% of the vote (1,476 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush, who received around 29.6% (636 votes), with 2,149 ballots cast among the township's 3,400 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 63.2.[85]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 61.0% of the vote (774 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 37.2% (472 votes), and other candidates with 1.7% (22 votes), among the 1,315 ballots cast by the township's 3,584 registered voters (47 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 36.7%.[86][87] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 65.% of the vote (925 ballots cast), ahead of both Republican Chris Christie with 27.2% (387 votes) and Independent Chris Daggett with 3.9% (56 votes), with 1,424 ballots cast among the township's 3,586 registered voters, yielding a 39.7% turnout.[88]

Education

The Fairfield Township School District serves public school students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade. The district opened the new Fairfield Township School in September 2006, consolidating all grades into a single building located at 375 Gouldtown-Woodruff Road in the Gouldtown section of the township.[89] As of the 2017–18 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 576 students and 50.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.5:1.[90]

Public school students in ninth through twelfth grades attend Cumberland Regional High School, which also serves students from Deerfield Township, Greenwich Township, Hopewell Township, Shiloh Borough, Stow Creek Township and Upper Deerfield Township.[91][92][93] As of the 2017–18 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 1,127 students and 78.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.4:1.[94] The high school district has a nine-member board of education, with board seats allocated to the constituent municipalities based on population, with each municipality assigned a minimum of one seat; Deerfield Township has one seat on the board.[95][96][97]

Students are also eligible to attend Cumberland County Technology Education Center in Vineland, serving students from the entire county in its full-time technical training programs, which are offered without charge to students who are county residents.[98]

Transportation
Route 49 eastbound at CR 553 in Fairfield Township

Roads and highways

As of May 2010, the township had a total of 74.45 miles (119.82 km) of roadways, of which 30.89 miles (49.71 km) were maintained by the municipality, 39.90 miles (64.21 km) by Cumberland County and 3.66 miles (5.89 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[99]

New Jersey Route 49 is the main highway serving Fairfield Township.[100] County Route 553 also traverses the township.[101]

Public transportation

NJ Transit offers service on the 553 route between Upper Deerfield Township and Atlantic City.[102]

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Fairfield Township include:

References
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  92. Shott, Meghan. "Cumberland Regional High School", South Jersey magazine. Accessed June 5, 2016. "Cumberland Regional High School, located in the northwest part of Cumberland County, serves students from Deerfield Township, Fairfield Township, Greenwich Township, Hopewell Township, Shiloh Borough, Stow Creek Township and Upper Deerfield Township."
  93. Constituent Districts, Cumberland Regional High School. Accessed February 20, 2020.
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  96. Comprehensive Annual Financial Report of the Cumberland Regional High School District, New Jersey Department of Education, for year ending June 30, 2018. Accessed February 20, 2020. "The Cumberland Regional Board of Education is a Type II district located in the County of Cumberland, State of New Jersey. As a Type II District, the School District functions independently through a Board of Education. The board is comprised of nine members elected to three-year terms. The purpose of the district is to educate students in grades 9-12."
  97. Board of Education, Cumberland Regional High School. Accessed February 20, 2020. "The Cumberland Regional School District is led by a nine-member Board of Education representing Cumberland Regional High School's constituent district municipalities: Deerfield Township, Fairfield Township, Greenwich Township, Hopewell Township, Shiloh Borough, Stow Creek Township, and Upper Deerfield Township."
  98. Admissions, Cumberland County Technology Education Center. Accessed October 30, 2019. "We specialize in technical education to offer students a chance to explore various careers and assist them in developing the skills they need to be successful. We are a full-time high school in a state of the art facility designed to maximize learning and hands on skills."
  99. Cumberland County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.
  100. Route 49 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated June 2017. Accessed October 30, 2019.
  101. County Route 553 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated June 2012. Accessed October 30, 2019.
  102. South Jersey Transit Guide Archived 2018-09-29 at the Wayback Machine, Cross County Connection, as of April 1, 2010. Accessed December 15, 2014.
  103. Brown, John Howard (ed.) Lamb's Biographical Dictionary of the United States, Volume 1, p. 514. Accessed December 29, 2016. "Burt, Nathaniel Clark, clergyman, was born in Fairton, N. J., April 23, 1825."
  104. Harold Gould Archived July 29, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Negro Leagues Baseball Museum. Accessed December 29, 2016. "Born: September 29, 1924, Gouldtown-Fairfield Township, New Jersey"
  105. Goldstein, Eric. "Harold Gould, former Negro Leagues player and South Jersey native, dies at age 88", South Jersey Times, November 12, 2012. Accessed December 29, 2012. "Born and raised in Gouldtown, Mr. Gould pitched for the Stars in from 1946-1948."
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  107. Seraile, William. "Theophilus G. Steward, Intellectual Chaplain, 25th US Colored Infantry", Nebraska State Historical Society. Accessed December 29, 2016. "Born on April 17, 1843, to James and Rebecca Steward, Theophilus grew up in Gouldtown, a southern New Jersey community that dated to pre-Revolutionary War days."
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