Félix Malloum

Félix Malloum or Félix Malloum Ngakoutou Bey-Ndi (Arabic: فليكس معلوم‎ Filiks Mʿalūm; September 10, 1932 – June 12, 2009) was a Chadian politician, who served as President and Prime Minister of Chad from 1975 to 1978.

Félix Malloum
فليكس معلوم
2nd President of Chad
In office
April 15, 1975 – March 23, 1979
Vice PresidentMamari Djime Ngakinar
Hissène Habré
Preceded byNoël Milarew Odingar
Succeeded byGoukouni Oueddei
Personal details
BornSeptember 10, 1932
Fort Archambault, French Chad
DiedJune 12, 2009(2009-06-12) (aged 76)
Paris, France
Military service
Allegiance France
 Chad
Branch/service French Army
 Chadian ground forces
Years of service1951 - 1960 (France)
1960 - 1979 (Chad)
RankBrigadier General
Battles/warsFirst Indochina War

Biography

He attended the French military academy and saw action in Indochina and Algeria. He later served as an officer in the Chadian Military and a member of the ruling Chadian Progressive Party (PPT). In 1971, he became the Chief of General Staff with the rank of colonel and named Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces in 1972. In July 1973, he was arrested and imprisoned by President François Tombalbaye on charges of conspiring against the government, but was released after a successful coup-d'etat on April 13, 1975. He served as both President and Prime Minister of Chad until August 29, 1978, when Hissène Habré was appointed Prime Minister to integrate armed northern rebels into the government. However, he was unsuccessful and resigned from the presidency on March 23, 1979[1] after signing the Kano Peace Agreement which allowed the rebels to form a provisional government.[2] He was related to the politician Kalthouma Nguembang, who was tortured by Tombalbaye's regime.[3]

Malloum retired from politics and settled in Nigeria. He returned to the Chadian capital N'Djamena on May 31, 2002, after 23 years in exile. Upon his return he was entitled to the various benefits allowed to former presidents; these benefits included a monthly stipend of 3,000,000 CFA francs, a residence, and coverage of his health expenses, along with two vehicles and a driver.[4]

Malloum died from cardiac arrest aged 76 on June 12, 2009 at the American Hospital in Paris, France.[5][6]

References
  1. Hornburger, Jane (1981). African countries and cultures : a concise illustrated dictionary. New York: D. McKay Co. ISBN 0679205071.
  2. M. Lentz, Harris (4 February 2014). Heads of States and Governments Since 1945. Routledge. pp. 155–156. ISBN 9781134264902.
  3. jeremy, rich (2012), "Nguembang, Kaltouma", Dictionary of African Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1543, ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5, retrieved 2021-01-20
  4. "Félix Malloum: Retour à N'Djamena de l'ancien président tchadien" Archived 2006-10-04 at the Wayback Machine, Afrique Express, N° 251, June 18, 2002 (in French)
  5. Décès de l'ex-président Félix Malloum, Jeune Afrique, June 13, 2009 (in French)
  6. "Chadians pay last respect to late ex-president Malloum". Retrieved 27 October 2016.
Political offices
Preceded by
Noël Milarew Odingar		 Head of State of Chad
1975–1979		 Succeeded by
Goukouni Oueddei
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