Evarcha

Evarcha is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders) with 85 species (and one recognized subspecies) distributed across the world.[1]

Evarcha
Evarcha albaria (female)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Salticidae
Subfamily: Salticinae
Genus: Evarcha
Simon, 1902[1]
Type species
Araneus falcatus
Clerck, 1757
Diversity
85 species

Habitat

These spiders are often found on shrubs and short plants in damp areas, resting in silken cells.

Description

Spiders in this genus generally look rather sturdy and are not very colorful, often brownish.

Evarcha culicivora can be an uncommon predator due to the fact it feeds on vertebrate blood by choosing blood-carrying mosquitoes as well-liked prey.[2]

Distribution

Most species occur in Asia, Africa and parts of Europe, with E. amabilis and E. hoyi found only in the United States. E. proszynskii is found from Russia to Japan and Canada to United States.

Species
E. proszynskii from California

As of September 2020, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:

  • Evarcha acuta Wesołowska, 2006 – Namibia
  • Evarcha albaria (L. Koch, 1878) – Russia, China, Korea, Japan
  • Evarcha amabilis (C. L. Koch, 1846) – United States
  • Evarcha annae (Peckham & Peckham, 1903) – South Africa
  • Evarcha aposto Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha arabica Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
  • Evarcha arcuata (Clerck, 1757) – Palearctic
  • Evarcha armeniaca Logunov, 1999 – Armenia, Azerbaijan
  • Evarcha awashi Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha bakorensis Rollard & Wesołowska, 2002 – Guinea
  • Evarcha bicoronata (Simon, 1901) – Hong Kong
  • Evarcha bihastata Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 – Tanzania
  • Evarcha brinki Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 – South Africa
  • Evarcha bulbosa Zabka, 1985 – China, Vietnam
  • Evarcha cancellata (Simon, 1902) – Sri Lanka, Java
  • Evarcha carbonaria (Lessert, 1927) – Congo
  • Evarcha certa Rollard & Wesołowska, 2002 – Guinea
  • Evarcha chappuisi Lessert, 1925 – East Africa
  • Evarcha chubbi Lessert, 1925 – East Africa
  • Evarcha coreana Seo, 1988 – China, Korea
  • Evarcha crinita Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005 – Afghanistan
  • Evarcha culicivora Wesołowska & Jackson, 2003 – Kenya
  • Evarcha darinurica Logunov, 2001 – Afghanistan
  • Evarcha dena Zamani, 2017 – Iran
  • Evarcha denticulata Wesołowska & Haddad, 2013 – South Africa
  • Evarcha digitata Peng & Li, 2002 – China
  • Evarcha dubia (Kulczynski, 1901) – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha falcata (Clerck, 1757) – Palearctic
  • Evarcha fasciata Seo, 1992 – China, Korea, Japan
  • Evarcha flagellaris Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 – South Africa
  • Evarcha flavocincta (C. L. Koch, 1846) – China to Java
  • Evarcha gausapata (Thorell, 1890) – Sumatra, Java
  • Evarcha grandis Wesołowska & A. Russell-Smith, 2011 – Nigeria
  • Evarcha hoyi (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – USA, Canada
  • Evarcha hyllinella Strand, 1913 – Lombok
  • Evarcha idanrensis Wesołowska & A. Russell-Smith, 2011 – Nigeria
  • Evarcha ignea Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008 – Zimbabwe
  • Evarcha improcera Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
  • Evarcha infrastriata (Keyserling, 1881) – Queensland
  • Evarcha insularis (Metzner, 1999) – Greece, Turkey, Iraq, Iran
  • Evarcha jucunda (Lucas, 1846) – Mediterranean, introduced in Belgium
  • Evarcha karas Wesołowska, 2011 – Namibia
  • Evarcha kirghisica Rakov, 1997 – Kyrgyzstan
  • Evarcha kochi Simon, 1902 – Java, Lombok
  • Evarcha laetabunda (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Palearctic
  • Evarcha longula (Thorell, 1881) – New Guinea, Australia
  • Evarcha maculata Rollard & Wesołowska, 2002 – Guinea
  • Evarcha madagascariensis Prószynski, 1992 – Madagascar
  • Evarcha michailovi Logunov, 1992 – France, Russia, Central Asia, China
  • Evarcha mirabilis Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009 – South Africa
  • Evarcha mongolica Danilov & Logunov, 1994 – Russia, China
  • Evarcha negevensis Prószynski, 2000 – Israel
  • Evarcha nenilini Rakov, 1997 – Central Asia
  • Evarcha nepos (O. P-Cambridge, 1872) – Israel
  • Evarcha nigricans (Dalmas, 1920) – Tunisia
  • Evarcha nigrifrons (C. L. Koch, 1846) – Sumatra
  • Evarcha obscura Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa
  • Evarcha optabilis (Fox, 1937) – China
  • Evarcha orientalis (Song & Chai, 1992) – China
  • Evarcha paralbaria Song & Chai, 1992 – China
  • Evarcha patagiata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) – Syria
  • Evarcha picta Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
  • Evarcha pileckii Prószynski, 2000 – Israel
  • Evarcha pinguis Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha pococki Zabka, 1985 – Bhutan to Vietnam, China
  • Evarcha praeclara Prószynski & Wesołowska, 2003 – Sudan, Israel, Yemen
  • Evarcha prosimilis Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008 – Tanzania, Zimbabwe
  • Evarcha proszynskii Marusik & Logunov, 1998 – Russia to Japan, USA, Canada
  • Evarcha pseudopococki Peng, Xie & Kim, 1993 – China
  • Evarcha pulchella (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar
  • Evarcha reiskindi Berry, Beatty & Prószynski, 1996 – Caroline Islands
  • Evarcha rotundibulbis Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha russellsmithi Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha selenaria Suguro & Yahata, 2012 – Japan
  • Evarcha seyun Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – Yemen
  • Evarcha similis Caporiacco, 1941 – Ethiopia
  • Evarcha squamulata (Simon, 1902) – Sierra Leone
  • Evarcha striolata Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009 – South Africa
  • Evarcha syriaca Kulczynski, 1911 – Syria, Israel
  • Evarcha vitosa Próchniewicz, 1989 – Central, East Africa
  • Evarcha vittula Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 – South Africa
  • Evarcha werneri (Simon, 1906) (syn. Evarcha elegans) – Ethiopia, Sudan to Uganda, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa
  • Evarcha wulingensis Peng, Xie & Kim, 1993 – China
  • Evarcha zimbabwensis Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008 – Zimbabwe

References
  1. "Gen. Evarcha Simon, 1902", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2017-02-25
  2. Fiona R. Cross & Robert R. Jackson (2009), "Odor-mediated response to plants by Evarcha culicivora, a blood‐feeding jumping spider from East Africa", New Zealand Journal of Zoology 36(2):75–80

Further reading
  • Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson & Simon D. Pollard (2008), "Complex display behaviour of Evarcha culicivora, an East African mosquito‐eating jumping spider", New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 35(2), 151–187, doi:10.1080/03014220809510112


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