Evacanthinae
Evacanthinae is a subfamily in the family Cicadellidae (leafhoppers).
| Evacanthinae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Evacanthus interruptus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Family: | Cicadellidae |
| Subfamily: | Evacanthinae Metcalf, 1939 |
| Tribes | |
|
Balbillini | |
Description
This subfamily has very diverse members, some of which look very different from each other. They are somewhat moderate in shape and size when compared to other members of Cicadellidae and do not present many extremes in terms of slenderness or robustness.[1]
Distribution
Members of Evacanthinae are found worldwide and are on every continent except for Antarctica.
Tribes and genera
There are five tribes in the subfamily, some of which were subfamilies of their own.[2]
Balbillini
Erected by Baker in 1923. They are found in the Afrotropical and Indomalayan realms. Their colour is mostly dull, being yellowish to greyish in appearance.
- Balbillus Distant, 1908
- Stenotortor Baker, 1923
Evacanthini
Erected by Metcalf in 1939. They are distributed across most of the Northern Hemisphere and into the Indomalayan realm.
- Apphia Distant, 1918
- Boundarus Li & Wang, 1998
- Bundera Distant, 1908
- Carinata Li & Wang, 1992
- Concavocorona Wang & Zhang, 2014
- Convexana Li, 1994
- Cunedda Distant, 1918
- Diramus Wang & Zhang, 2013
- Evacanthus Le Peletier & Serville, 1825
- Mainda Distant, 1908
- Mediporus Wang & Zhang, 2015
- Multiformis Li & Li, 2012
- Onukia Matsumura, 1912
- Onukiades Ishihara, 1963
- Onukindia Viraktamath & Webb, 2018
- Paraonukia Ishihara, 1963
- Parapythamus Li & Li, 2011
- Processus Huang, 1992
- Pythamus Melichar, 1903
- Pythochandra Wei & Webb, 2014
- Risefronta Li & Wang, 2001
- Riseveinus Li, 1995
- Shortcrowna Li & Li, 2014
- Simaonukia Li & Li, 2017
- Striatanus Li & Wang, 1995
- Subulatus Yang & Zhang, 2001
- Taperus Li & Wang, 1994
- Tengirhinus Ishihara, 1953
- Transvenosus Wang & Zhang, 2015
- Vangama Distant, 1908
Nirvanini
Erected by Baker in 1923. They are distributed mostly throughout the Southern Hemisphere, but species have spread globally. This tribe previously made up the subfamily Nirvaninae.
- Aequoreus Huang, 1989
- Afrokana Heller, 1972
- Afronirvana Evans, 1955
- Antillonirvana Dietrich, 2004
- Australnirvana Wang, Dietrich & Zhang, 2016
- Buloria Distant, 1908
- Carchariacephalus Montrouzier, 1861
- Chibchanirvana Dietrich, 2004
- Chudania Distant, 1908
- Concaveplana Chen & Li, 1998
- Convexfronta Li, 1997
- Crispina Distant, 1918
- Decursusnirvana Gao, Dai & Zhang, 2014
- Euronirvanella Evans, 1966
- Extensus Huang, 1989
- Jassonirvana Baker, 1923
- Jassosqualus Kramer, 1964
- Kana) Distant, 1908
- Kasunga Linnavuori, 1979
- Kosasia Distant, 1910
- Narecho Jacobi, 1910
- Neonirvana Oman, 1936
- Nirvana Kirkaldy, 1900
- Nirvanoides Baker, 1923
- Oniella Matsumura, 1912
- Ophiuchus Ophiuchus
- Pactana Linnavuori, 1960
- Pythonirvana Baker, 1923
- Sinonirvana Gao, Dai & Zhang, 2014
- Sophonia Walker, F., 1870
- Synogonia Melichar, 1926
- Tahura Melichar, 1926
- Tortor Kirkaldy, 1907
Pagaroniini
Erected by Anufriev in 1978.
- Friscanina Anufriev, 1978
- Pagaroniina Anufriev, 1978
- Epiacanthus Matsumura, 1902
- Friscanus Oman, 1938
- Kurotsuyanus Ishihara, 1953
- Pagaronia Ball, 1902
Pentoffiini
Erected by Wang, Dietrich & Zhang, 2017.[2]
- Draconirvana Dietrich, 2011
- Pentoffia Kramer, 1964
References
- "Evacanthinae". 3I Interactive Keys and Taxonomic Databases. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- Wang, Yang; Dietrich, Christopher H.; Zhang, Yalin (2017-04-03). "Phylogeny and historical biogeography of leafhopper subfamily Evacanthinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) based on morphological and molecular data". Scientific Reports. 7 (1). doi:10.1038/srep45387. ISSN 2045-2322.