Euhadra

Euhadra is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Bradybaenidae. (This snail genus was previously placed in the family Eulotidae).

Euhadra
Euhadra quaesita
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Panpulmonata clade Eupulmonata clade Stylommatophora informal group Sigmurethra
Superfamily:	Helicoidea
Family:	Bradybaenidae
Genus:	Euhadra Pilsbry, 1890[1]

A few of the species in this genus are unusual in that specimens in those species always have left-handed "sinistral" coiling in their shells, as shown in the specimen on the right. The rest of the species in the genus are right-handed or "dextral" in the shell coiling, as is usually the case in the great majority of gastropods.

Distribution

These snails are almost endemic to Japan, but one of them are distributed in Korea.

Species

There are 22 species in the genus. 17 species have a dextral shell and 5 species are sinistral.[2]

Dextral species

Dextral species in the genus Euhadra include:

• Euhadra amaliae (Kobelt, 1875)
• Euhadra awaensis
• Euhadra brandtii
• Euhadra callizona
• Euhadra congenita
• Euhadra dixoni (Pilsbry, 1900)
• Euhadra eoa
• Euhadra herklotsi (Martens, 1861)
• Euhadra idzumonis
• Euhadra kunoensis Kuroda in Masuda & Habe, 1989
• Euhadra latispira
  • Euhadra latispira yagurai Kuroda & Habe, 1949
• Euhadra nachicola
• Euhadra nesiotica (Pilsbry, 1902)
• Euhadra peliomphala
• Euhadra sadoensis
• Euhadra sandai
• Euhadra senckenbergiana
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis (Gulick & Pilsbry, 1900)
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana notoensis
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana minoensis
  • Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana

• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana aomoriensis
• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana ibukicola
• 
  Euhadra senckenbergiana senckenbergiana

Sinistral species

Euhadra murayamai

Sinistral species in the genus Euhadra include:

• Euhadra decorata
• Euhadra grata
  • Euhadra grata echigoensis Murayama, Takizawa & Habe, 1991
• Euhadra murayamai
• Euhadra quaesita, Sought-after False Hadra
• Euhadra scaevola

References

1. Pilsbry H. A. (1890) In: Tryon & Pilsbry, Manual of Conchology (2)6: 94-95.
2. Davison A, Chiba S, Barton NH, Clarke B (2005). "Speciation and Gene Flow between Snails of Opposite Chirality". PLoS Biology. 3 (9, e282): e282. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030282. PMC 1182688. PMID 16149849.

Further reading

• Richards, Paul M.; Morii, Yuta; Kimura, Kazuki; Hirano, Takahiro; Chiba, Satoshi; Davison, Angus (2017-12-01). "Single-gene speciation: Mating and gene flow between mirror-image snails". Evolution Letters. 1 (6): 282–291. doi:10.1002/evl3.31. ISSN 2056-3744. PMC 6121799. PMID 30283656.
• Ueshima R. & Asami T. (16 October 2003). "Evolution: Single-gene speciation by left–right reversal". Nature 425: 679. doi:10.1038/425679a
• (in Japanese) Kawana M. (2007). かたつむりの世界〈マイマイ属〉 The world of land snails (Euhadra) in Japan. Nagoya, Kinmirai-sha. 332 pp. ISBN 978-4-906431-25-0 (with English introduction)
• Yamazaki N., Ueshima R., Terrett J. A., Yokobori S., Kaifu M., Segawa R., Kobayashi T., Numachi K., Ueda T., Nishikawa K., Watanabe K. & Thomas R. H. (1997). "Evolution of pulmonate gastropod mitochondrial genomes: comparisons of complete gene organizations of Euhadra, Cepaea and Albinaria and implications of unusual tRNA secondary structures". Genetics 145: 749-758.

External links