Eugenie Anderson

Eugenie Anderson (May 26, 1909 – March 31, 1997), also known as Helen Eugenie Moore Anderson, was a United States diplomat. She is best known as the first woman appointed chief of mission at the ambassador level in US history.[1]

Helen Eugenie Moore Anderson
United States Ambassador to Denmark
In office December 22, 1949 – January 19, 1953
President	Harry S. Truman
Preceded by	Josiah Marvel, Jr.
Succeeded by	Robert D. Coe
United States Ambassador to Bulgaria
In office August 3, 1962 – December 6, 1964
President	John F. Kennedy
Preceded by	Edward Page, Jr.
Succeeded by	Nathaniel Davis
Personal details
Born	May 26, 1909 Adair, Iowa
Died	March 31, 1997 (aged 87) Red Wing, Minnesota
Political party	Democratic Party
Spouse(s)	John Pierce Anderson
Children	Hans, Johanna
Profession	Diplomat, Politician

Personal life

Helen Eugenie Moore was born on May 26, 1909, in Adair, Iowa, one of five children of Rev. Ezekial A. Moore, a Methodist minister, and his wife, FloraBelle. She concentrated in music as a student, and attended the Juilliard School in New York; her original hope was to become a concert pianist. She was a member of the Iowa Beta chapter of Pi Beta Phi Women's Fraternity at Simpson College. She transferred to Carleton College in 1929, where she graduated in 1931.[2] It was there she met her husband, John Pierce Anderson, whom she married in 1929 and with whom had two children, Hans and Johanna.[1][3]

Public life

Anderson's interest in international affairs had been stirred by a trip to Europe in 1937, where in Germany she first saw a totalitarian state in action, as she recalled. On her return she spoke frequently for the League of Women Voters, fighting the strong isolationist policies of the time.[1]

Anderson helped to create the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party in 1944. Four years later, as one of the few women, she was elected to an office in the national Democratic Party. In 1948, as the DFL split from the national Democratic Party in a controversy over goals and ideology, she supported Hubert H. Humphrey. She was rewarded for this support in 1949, when she was appointed by President Truman as U.S. ambassador to Denmark (1949–1953).[4][5] Truman's appointment made her the first woman appointed chief of mission at the ambassador level in US history.[6] (The first female chief of mission at the minister rank was Ruth Bryan Owen in 1933). Despite undercurrents of sexism and discomfort in the press with her career flaunting gender roles, she was well-known in Denmark and was sometimes called "Auntie Anderson" by the media. Her popularity and high profile allowed her to exert some political force: she convinced Denmark to make a stronger commitment to NATO, strengthened the Greenland Treaty, and in 1950 became the first American woman to sign a treaty, with the Treaty of Commerce and Friendship with Denmark, which she drafted.[3][7] When she resigned from this position in 1953, King Frederik IX awarded her the Grand Cross of the Order of Dannebrog, a high honor.[8]

In 1958 Anderson campaigned for, but did not win, the DFL nomination for U.S. Senator, which ultimately went to Eugene McCarthy.[9] She was later appointed by Kennedy to be ambassador to Bulgaria (1962–1964).[10] Thus Anderson became the first American woman to represent the United States in a country allied with the Soviet Union.

After her retirement from these posts, President Johnson appointed Anderson to the United Nations Trusteeship Council and a year later she served on the United Nations Committee for Decolonization.[2]

References

1. Binder, David (1997-04-03). "Eugenie Anderson, 87, First Woman to Be U.S. Ambassador". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
2. "A woman of many firsts, Minnesota's Eugenie Anderson profiled in new book". Twin Cities. 2019-03-17. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
3. Farber, Zac. "Politics of the Past: Eugenie Anderson 'held her own in smoke-filled rooms' – Minnesota Lawyer". Retrieved 2019-03-19.
4. "Eugenie Moore Anderson". Eugenie Anderson Papers. Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
5. "United States Department of State: Ambassadors to Denmark". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
6. "Women in Diplomacy". Bureau of Resource Management, United States Department of State. November 2005. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
7. "Helen Eugenie Anderson". www.state.gov. Archived from the original on 2018-08-19. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
8. www2.mnhs.org http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00354.xml. Retrieved 2019-03-19. Missing or empty |title= (help)
9. "Minnesotan Eugenie Anderson blazed trail for female diplomats". MinnPost. 2013-01-15. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
10. "United States Department of State: Ambassadors to Bulgaria". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2008-03-31.

• Lamson, Peggy (1968). Few Are Chosen: American Women in Political Life Today. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

• "Helen Eugenie Moore Anderson". The Political Graveyard. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
• "Eugenie Anderson ‘held her own in smoke-filled rooms’" Minnesota Lawyer. June 28, 2017

External links

• A film clip "Longines Chronoscope with Mrs. Eugenie Anderson (November 7, 1951)" is available at the Internet Archive
• Helen Eugenie Moore Anderson in MNopedia, the Minnesota Encyclopedia
• Mrs. Ambassador: The Life and Politics of Eugenie Anderson Paperback – March 1, 2019